• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.107-112
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• 2006

Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) plays an important role in alcohol metabolism; ALDH is responsible for the oxidation of acetaldehyde generated during alcohol oxidation. ALDH is also known to oxidize various other endogenous and exogenous aldehydes. Cytochrome P-450 2E1 (CYP2E1), a liver microsomal enzyme, also metabolizes acetaldehyde and ethanol and can be induced by other inducers including acetone and ethanol. We examined single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of ALDH and CYP2E1 genotypes in Korean. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method was used to determine ALDH and CYP2E1 SNP. Mutation in ALDH was 60% (heterozygote 46.7% and homozygote 13.3%) among 15 cases. CYP2E1 mutation was 52.7% (heterozygote 47.4% and homozygote 5.3%) among 19 cases.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 1995

In the course of evaluation of hepatoprotective components against alcohol-induced toxicity from Aloe spp., the methanol extract was found to cause a significant inhibition of rat liver cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase activity. Systematic fractionation of active tractions monitored by bioassay led to isolation of four compounds; aloe-emodin, aloenin, ethylidene-aloenin and ${\beta}-sitosterol$, which were estimated as active principles for inhibition of c-ADH and c-ALDH activities in vitro.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 1994

The present study was undertaken to clarify the effect of Puffer fish skin extract (PF) on the hepatic alcohol metabolism in rats. It was observed that alcohol concentration in blood had been markedly decreased by the pretreatment of PF for two weeks. Activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS) were significantly incrased (more than 20% of control) by pretreatment of PF for two weeks and acute alcohol intoxication (5 g/kg) on final day. When rats were fed with subacute toxic state by alcohol (25v/v % , once a day for six weeks), activities of ADH and MEOS were significantly increased by additional treatments of PF for final two weeks. But the catalase activity was not affected by any of both case. And also activities of ADH and MEOS in vitro were not changed . These results suggest that PF treatemnt prompted the recovery from alcohol intoxication.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.205-211
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• 1999

Effects of Houttuynia cordata ethanol extracts on lipid metabolism and antioxidant enzymes in Sprague Dawley male rats were investigated. High fat used in the diet mixture included 10% of lard, 1% of cholesterol and 0.25% of sodium cholate. Total serum cholesterol contents of the rats fed Houttuynia cordata extracts were decreased compared to the control. On the other hand, HDL cholesterol contents were increased along with the decrease of athrogenic index. When high fat diet was fed, total serum cholesterol contents were significantly increased(p<0.01) with the athrogenic index increase of four times of the control. With the administration of Houttuynia cordata extract HDL cholesterol was increased by 53% in the high fat diet group. Antioxidant enzymes including GST and catalase activities were increased comparing the control. On the otherhand, the extracts lowered phospholipid(p<0.01), GOT, GPT, Cu,Zn SOD and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activities in the serum which are related to the liver functions. Therefore, the above results suggest that Houttuynia cordata ethanol extracts can help to maintain normal liver functions and help to protect from peroxidative damages caused by excess dietary fat intake.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.31 no.4 s.63
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• pp.680-691
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• 1998

This study was conducted to examine the species differences in the urinary excretion of trichloroethanol(TCE-OH) and trichloroacetic acid(TCA) of trichloroethylene (TCE) metabolites and the effect of ethanol on these metabolites in mice and rats. TCE administered to Male Sprague Dawley rats and ICR mice as a single oral dose(100, 200, 500, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg body weight) and ethanol(3.0 g/kg body weight) was taken orally 12 hours before TCE administration. The metabolites in urine were measured 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after TCE administration. The results of metabolite excretion were as follows; Total trichlorocompounds(TTC) in urine increased with TCE dose in mice while increased only below dose of 1,000 mg/kg TCE in rats. The net excretion of TCE metabolites was significantly greater in mice than rats, although the proportion of TCE-OH to TCA was not different between mice and rats. These findings indicate that mice were internally exposed to significantly higher concentration of TCE metabolites than rats and this trend appeared to be more prominent with the increase of TCE dose. Ethanol increased significantly TCE-OH in urine of rats while the increase of TCE-OH induced by ethanol was not significant in mice, and didn't increase TCA of urine in both of rats and mice. This result suggests that the effect of ethanol on TCE metabolism may be due to the increase of TCE-OH.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.59-61
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• 1966

Nucleotide galactose and glucose have been isolated during the soybean germination. Techniques for identification depends upon chromatography after elution the absorbed charcoal fraction with ethanol ammonia or 1/10N HCl.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.104-107
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• 1980

Mansam, the root of Codonopsis pilosula (Campanulaceae) has a action on blood metabolism. It has been known to possess anti leukemic effect by increasing of red blood cell, at same time, by decreasing white blood cell, with this connection, present study is aimed to clarify such potential anti leukenic effect by testing ethanol extract and chloroform extract against murine tumor model, lymphocytic leukemia P388. The data indicated that these extracts appeared to be inactive against this tumor line.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 1991

The increase in alcohol consumption level has been noticed in Korea recently. Alcohol appreciably inhibits cell mediated immunity and this may contribute to the high prevalence of serious infection such as pulmonary tuberculosis among alcoholic subjects. The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of ethanol on the cyclooxygenase metabolites of human monocyte in vitro. Monocytes were activated with 800 units of gamma interferon(IFN-${\gamma}$) for 3 days following apply of Ficool-hypaque density gradient and gelatin coated flasks for separation of monocytes. Ethanol with addition of 100mM, 300mM and 600 mM for 30 minutes to 106 monocytes with/without previous IFN-${\gamma}$ treatment caused a dose dependent decrease in the production of thromboxane B2, 6-keto-PGE1$\alpha$ and PGE2 by radioimmunoassay at 6 hours after ethanol treatment. Quite different from the findings after 6 hours there was dose dependent increase in three prostaglandins without IFN-${\gamma}$ treatment after 24 hours of incubation. With previous treatment of IFN-${\gamma}$ reduced productions of three prostaglandins at 24 hours than control is spite of ethanol stimjulation. These findings show that IFN-${\gamma}$ can inhibit alcohol induced derangement of arachidonic acid metabolism of monocytes.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.463-470
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• 2023

This study confirmed the change in functional composition and alcohol-induced acute liver injury in Aloe arborescens after fermentation. An acute liver injury was induced by administration of ethanol (3 g/kg/day) to C57BL/6J mice for 5 days. A fermented A. arborescens Miller leaf (FAAL) extract was orally administered 30 minutes before ethanol treatment. After fermentation, the emodin content was approximately 13 times higher than that of the raw material. FAAL extract significantly attenuated ethanol-induced aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and triglyceride increases in serum and liver tissue. Histological analysis revealed that FAAL extract inhibits inflammatory cell infiltration and fat accumulation in liver tissues. The cytochrome P450 2E1, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione (GSH), which involved in alcohol-induced oxidative stress, were effectively regulated by FAAL extract in serum and liver tissues, except for GSH. FAAL also maintained the antioxidant defense system by upregulating heme oxygenase 1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 protein expression. In addition, FAAL extract inhibited the decrease in alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, which promoted alcohol metabolism and prevented the activation of inflammatory response. Our results suggest that FAAL could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for ethanol-induced acute liver injury.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.706-711
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• 2009

Hepatoprotective effects of corn gluten hydrolysates (CGH) were investigated in rats orally treated with ethanol (30%(v/v), 3 g/kg body weight/day) for 4 weeks. Six-week old Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into four dietary groups: normal diet (N), alcohol diet (E), E+CGH 1% diet (CGH-1%), and E+CGH 3% diet (CGH-3%). Body weights and liver indices were not significantly different among the four groups. However, food intakes were lower in the CGH groups than in the normal group (p<0.05). The administration of CGH significantly reduced serum alkaline phosphatase activity by 30% compared to the alcohol diet group. Among the antioxidative enzymes assessed, catalase activity was significantly decreased by 79% in the CGH diet groups compared to the alcohol diet group. In comparison to the alcohol-treated group, aldehyde dehydrogenase activity was increased by 20%, while microsomal ethanol oxidizing system activity was decreased by 20% in the CGH-treated groups. Furthermore, the area under the curve of the blood acetaldehyde concentration versus time profile after the administration of ethanol was significantly lower for the CGH rats than for the ethanol or asparaginic acid treated groups. Thus, CGH seems to offer beneficial effects by protecting against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity by improving the acetaldehyde-related metabolizing system.