• 산업융합연구
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2022

역학 조사에서 알코올 섭취와 고혈압 증가 사이에 인과관계가 있어서 이번 연구에서 엉겅퀴 유래 silymarin의 단독 및 알코올 병용 투여에서 혈관수축 억제능을 관찰하였고 아직 불분명한 수축성 조절 기전에 대해 효능제 선택적 조절 가설을 수립하여 조사하였다. 내피가 손상된 혈관이 수조 내 현수되었고 혈관에 의한 기계적 신호가 등장력 변환기에서 전기적 신호로 변환되어 생리측정기에 표시되었다. 저농도의 ethanol과 silymarin은 혈관 내피에서 산화질소 생성 작용 외에 평활근에 대한 직접 작용으로 동맥의 수축성을 감소시킬 것으로 추측되었는데 인위적으로 내피가 손상된 동맥에서 ethanol과 병용된 silymarin이 silymarin 단독에 비해 굵은 미세섬유성 조절성 수축약 (fluoride, thromboxane mimetic)에 의한 혈관 수축 억제에 차이가 없었고 silymarin 단독에 비해 가는 미세섬유성 조절성 phorbol ester에 의한 혈관 수축억제에 차이가 없었다. 따라서 silymarin 단독은 내피 의존성 산화질소 생성과 내피에 비의존적으로 평활근에서 주로 ROCK 활성 감소에 참여하여 결과적으로 평활근에서 악틴-미오신 상호작용을 억제하여 혈관을 이완시키고 ethanol은 내피 의존성 산화질소 생성 외에 평활근에 대한 작용이 없는 것으로 생각된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제33권3호통권130호
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• pp.252-256
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• 2002

In the previous study, we demonstrated that ginsenoside $Rb_1$ isolated from the butanol fraction of the head of Panax ginseng had significant gastroprotective activity on gastritis and gastric ulcer models in rats. It has been well established that drugs to have capacity of scavenging or inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen radicals prevent the gastric mucosal injury. Ginsenoside $Rb_1$ was tested on HCl ethanol-induced gastritis in rats, DPPH-induced free radical scavenging effect, MDA assay, GSH activity, and SOD activity in gastric tissue. It showed significant inhibition in HCl ethanol-induced gastritis, and al~o significantly increase of GSH activated SOD. We speculate that the protective effect of ginsenoside $Rb_1$ against HCl ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage is originated from the increase of GSH and the activation of SOD.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.190-201
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• 2003

Object : This study was designed to investigate the effects of Chungganhaeju-tang (Qingganjiejiu-tang) on cytotoxicity, growth inhibition, apoptosis and expression of cytokine in damaged HepG2 cells. Method : Toxicity on HepG2 cell induced by ethanol and acetaldehyde was measured for viability, cell growth, DNA replication and generation of apoptosis and cytokine. The recovery of the cell activity by Chungganhaeju-tang was estimated for the measured parameters using PCR with different cycle numbers, DNA gel-electrophoresis, and densitometric analysis, Results : Chungganhaeju-tang improves the recovery of HepG2 cells damaged by ethanol or acetaldehyde. The suppressed DNA synthesis of the cell damaged by ethanol or acetaldehyde is improved by Chungganhaeju-tang. A liver-protection effect was shown by the reduction of apoptosis and $TNF-{\alpha},{\;}IL-1{\beta}$ expressions that are induced by ethanol or acetaldehyde. Conclusion : The result indicates that Chungganhaeju-tang reduces toxicity induced by ethanol or acetaldehyde and recovers damaged liver function.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.125-133
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• 1986

Ethanol이 고양이 회장 종주근의 수축에 미치는 영향을 관찰한 결과 정상 Tyrode용액에서는 $0.5{\pm}4%$ 범위내에서 자발적 수축 및 기초장력을 억제하였으나 $Na^+$이 surcose로 대치된 용액에서는 수축을 유발시켰다. 이러한 수축은 ethanol의 농도에 비례하여 증가하였으며 용액내의 Na-free 용액으로 처리한 기간이 길수록 증가하였다. 용액내 $Ca^{2+}$이 없는 경우에도 ethanol에 의한 수축은 $La{+3}$에 의해 억제되었으나 verapamil을 전처치한 후 Na-free액을 처리했을 때는 수축이 나타나지를 않았다. Ethanol은 $^45Ca$의 유출에는 어떤 영향을 나타내지는 못하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 Na-free용액에서 ethanol은 세포막에 결합하고 있는 $Ca^{2+}$이나 세포내부에 결합하고 있는 $Ca^{2+}$의 세포내로 유리를 증가시켜 수축을 유발시키는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.528-533
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• 1997

This study was undertaken to determine the antimutagenic effects of Synurus deltoides extracts on the mutagenesis induced by 3-amino-1, 4-dimethyl-5-H-pyrido[4, 3-blindol(Trp-P-1), 2-amitnofluorene (2-AF) and 4-nitroquinolin-1-oxide(4NQO) using Ames test. Raw juice, heated juice, and ethanol extract from Synurus deltoides itself did not induce mutagenesis. The raw juice, heated juice and ethanol extract of 50${mu}ell$/plate showed approximately 90%, 37% and 28% inhibitory effect on the mutagenesis induced by Trp-P-1 against TA98 strain, while 80%, 60% and 58% inhibition was observed on the mutagenesis induced by 2-AF at the concentration of 200${mu}ell$/plate, respectively. TA100 strain was more sensitive than TA98 strain by raw juice, heated juice and ethanol extract on the mutagenesis induced by Trp-P-1 and 2-AF. Meanwhile, the raw juice, heated juice, and ethanol extract showed very limited inhibitory effects on the mutagenesis induced by 4-NQO against TA98 and TA100 strain. These results indicate that raw juice had the strongest inhibitory effect on the Trp-P-1 or 2-AF induced mutagenesis, but all of the extracts had a little antimutagenc effects on the 4-NQO induced mutagenesis.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.595-603
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• 2016

Ribosomal S6 kinase is a family of serine/threonine protein kinases involved in the regulation of cell viability. There are two subfamilies of ribosomal s6 kinase, (p90rsk, p70rsk). Especially, p90rsk is known to be an important downstream kinase of p44/42 MAPK. We investigated the role of p90rsk on ethanol-induced cell proliferation of HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells were treated with 10~50 mM of ethanol with or without ERK and p90rsk inhibitors. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The expression of pERK1, NHE1 was measured by Western blots. The phosphorylation of p90rsk was measured by ELISA kits. The expression of Bcl-2 was measured by qRT-PCR. When the cells were treated with 10~30 mM of ethanol for 24 hour, it showed significant increase in cell viability versus control group. Besides, 10~30 mM of ethanol induced increased expression of pERK1, p-p90rsk, NHE1 and Bcl-2. Moreover treatment of p90rsk inhibitor attenuated the ethanol-induced increase in cell viability and NHE1 and Bcl-2 expression. In summary, these results suggest that p90rsk, a downstream kinase of ERK, plays a stimulatory role on ethanol-induced hepatocellular carcinoma progression by activating anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 and NHE1 known to regulate cell survival.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.102-111
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• 2024

Objective: Given the noteworthy implications of alcohol consumption and its association with male infertility, there has been a notable focus on investigating natural alternatives to mitigate its adverse effects. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the potential protective effect of phycocyanin extract derived from the blue algae Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis against ethanol-induced oxidative stress, disturbances in testicular morphology, and alterations in sperm production. Methods: Male rats were divided into four groups (five rats each): the control group received a saline solution, the ethanol exposed group (EtOH) was subjected to intraperitoneal injections of 10 mL/kg of ethanol solution at a concentration of 38% (v/v), the phycocyanin alone treated group (P) received oral administration of phycocyanin at a dosage of 50 mg/kg, and the phycocyanin-cotreated group (PE) was given oral phycocyanin followed by ethanol injections. All treatments were administered over a period of 14 days. Results: Our findings demonstrated that ethanol exposure induced reproductive toxicity, characterized by reduced sperm production and viability, alterations in testicular weight and morphology, increased lipid peroxidation levels, and elevated oxidative enzyme activity. In addition, the ethanol-intoxicated group showed perturbations in serum biochemical parameters. However, the simultaneous exposure to ethanol and phycocyanin exhibited a counteractive effect against ethanol toxicity. Conclusion: The results showed that supplementation of phycocyanin prevented oxidative and testicular morphological damage-induced by ethanol and maintained normal sperm production, and viability.

• 생약학회지
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• 제35권4호통권139호
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• pp.350-356
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• 2004

In a preliminary screening of plant extracts for the antigastritic and anti- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) actions in rats, the ethanol extract of Amomi Semen (AS) showed positive activity in HCl Ethanol-induced gastric lesions and H. pylori. Among the systematic fractions of hexane, chloroform, butanol and water, the most potent butanol fraction significantly reduced HCl, Ethanol-induced gastric lesions at the oral dose of 350 mg/kg. Also butanol fraction has an inhibitory effect on the growth of H. pylori $(MIC=1.43\;{\mu}g/mL)$. In pylorus ligated rats, butanol fraction showed decrease in the volume of gastric secretion and acid output, of which effects were stronger in other fractions. We isolated 6 subfractions by column chromatography. The protective effects of 6 subfractions of Amomi Semen were also significant in the HCl, Ethanol induced gastric lesion model. These results might suggest that they had inhibitory action in gastric lesion through inhibition of gastric acid secretion. Butanol fraction of AS can be applied as treatment of H. pylori. Butano fractions and ethanol extract of AS was carried out or the development of a new gastroprotective supplementary product.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.251-258
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• 1996

Panax ginseng has been used for various diseases including hepatic disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of ethanol extract and saponin of Panax ginseng in thioacetamide-intoxicated rats and to compare with silymarin, a known hepatoprotective agent. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given single intragastric administration of thioacetamide. Aqueous solutions of ethanol extract and saponin of Panax ginseng with or without silymarin were administered intragastrically daily for six days from four days before until one day after thioacetamide administration. At the end of the treatment, the rats were fasted overnight and sacrificed. As a result, thioacetamide caused significant increase in serum levels of AST, ALT, 5'-nucleotidase and bilirubin. Thioacetamide increased $Ca^++$ content but decreased protein content in liver tissue. These thioacetamide-induced biochemical changes were prevented both by ethanol extract of ginseng and silymarin, but not by ginseng saponin. Silymarin did not potentlate the effect of either ethanol extract or saponin of ginseng on these parameters. Thioacetamide-induced confluent necrosis was not protected by the test drugs. In conclusion, ethanol extract of ginseng protects the liver possibly by stabilizing the cell membrane and by inhibiting thioacetamide-induced $Ca^++$ increase in the hepatocytes, which was comparable to that of silymarin.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.765-769
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• 2014

We examined the protective effects of Pyropia yezoensis glycoprotein (PYGP) against ethanol-induced gastric damage. The experimental animals were divided into four groups. They were treated with distilled water (control), ethanol alone (EtOH), ethanol + PYGP 150 mg/kg BW (EtOH+150), or ethanol + PYGP 300 mg/kg BW (EtOH+300). The groups were treated for 4 weeks. We measured mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), the apoptotic signaling pathway, and PARP activity in gastric tissues obtained from the rats. Ethanol consumption increased apoptotic signal activity and ERK, JNK, and p38 phosphorylation. PYGP reduced the apoptotic signaling pathway activity and ERK, JNK, and p38 phosphorylation. Furthermore, PYGP regulated Bcl-2 family expression. In light of these findings, PYGP appears to prevent ethanol-induced gastric injury and oxidative stress.