• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.244-249
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• 2011

The inhibitory effects of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes with water and ethanol extracts of Curdrania tricuspidata leaves were investigated. The lipid accumulation of ethanol extract from Curdrania tricuspidata leaves at a concentration of 5 mg/mL was reduced by 50% compared with control cells, whereas water extracts reduced by 86%. The survival rate of cell viability test showed 80% in the growth of cells at concentrations of 0.5-5 mg/mL. The contents of DNJ(1-deoxynojirimycin) and rutin were higher in leaves than those of stem. Moreover, DNJ contents were detected in large amounts in ethanol extract ($3921.3{\mu}g/g$) compared with water extract ($2906.3{\mu}g/g$). On the contrary, the rutin contents was detected in large amounts in water extracts compared with ethanol extract. These results indicate that Curdrania tricuspidata leaves extract is potential sources of natural antiobesity agent.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.268-275
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to confirm the possibility of using Korean purple yam (Dioscorea alata) as proximate composition, material, and antioxidant activity. In the proximate composition of the freeze-dried purple yam powder, the carbohydrate content was the highest at 86.67%, and in minerals, potassium showed the highest content at 1,765.69 mg/100 g. To study the antioxidant activity of purple yam, distilled water and 70% ethanol were used as extraction solvents. The total polyphenol, total flavonoid, and total anthocyanin contents were 1.3~1.6 times higher in 70% ethanol extract, than in the distilled water extract. As a result of ORAC, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, SOD activity, and reducing power, the 70% ethanol extract showed higher antioxidant activity than the distilled water extract in all results. As a result of freeze-drying purple yam and measuring antioxidant activity by extraction solvents, it is concluded that purple yam can contribute to the food industry as a natural antioxidant and health functional material.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

Objective: This study investigated the effect of purified Carthamus tinctorius (C. tinctorius) extracted with a hot water and ethanol method on adipogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal stem cells (mBMSCs). Methods: The C. tinctorius was extracted using hot water and ethanol. The samples were concentrated by a rotary evaporator and were then dried using a freeze-dryer. The mBMSCs were cultured and maintained in a minimum essential medium eagle alpha (${\alpha}-MEM$) supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% antibiotic antimycotic solution. To induce adipogenic differentiation, the cells were treated with Dulbecco's modified eagle's medium-low glucose (DMEM-LG) containing 1 mg/mL insulin, 1 mM dexamethasone, and 0.5 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. To evaluate the adipogenic differentiation ability, oil-red O staining was performed after adipogenic differentiation for 21 days. The mRNA expression and protein level of adipogenic-related genes were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. Results: In the results of the MTT assay, no concentrations of C. tinctorius extracts showed toxicity on mBMSCs, so we fixed the treatment concentration of the extract at 100 ng/mL. In oil-red O staining, the water-C. tinctorius extract treatment significantly decreased adipogenic differentiation compared with the control and ethanol extract groups. The water-C. tinctorius extract group in particular showed reduced mRNA and protein expression of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ($Ppar{\gamma}$) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha ($C/ebp{\alpha}$), which are adipogenic-related transcription factors. Conclusion: These data suggest that extract of C. tinctorius decreased the adipogenic differentiation of mBMSCs, while only water-C. tinctorius extract had an effect on different adipogenesis in mBMSCs. The C. tinctorius will be a useful therapeutic reagent for the prevention of obesity-related diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, and osteoporosis.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2017

Background: Ganoderma lucidum cultured on hulled barley was investigated as a potential natural source of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. Methods and Results: The yields from Ganoderma lucidum cultured on hulled barley water and ethanol extract were 17.69% and 25.77%, respectively. The antioxidant activity of Ganoderma lucidum cultured on hulled barley extracts was confirmed by various methods including assayss of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzo thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), nitrite radical scavenging, and $Fe^{3+}$ to $Fe^{2+}$ reducing power activity. The ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum cultured on hulled barley showed improved DPPH, ABTS and nitrite radical scavenging activity compared with the water extract. After treatment of RAW264.7 cells with Ganoderma lucidum cultured on hulled barley ethanol extracts, the cell viability compared with the control was 92.82%, even at a concentration of $3,000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The ethanol extract inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with $H_2O_2$, even at low concentrations. In addition, the ethanol extract showed an inhibitory effects on the production of lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 cells. Conclusions: This study suggests that the extract of Ganoderma lucidum cultured on hulled barley is a potential source of natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.943-947
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extraction method of phenolic compounds from Rubus coreanum and antioxidative activity. antioxidative activities of Rubus coreanum were tested with ability of donating hydrogen to DPPH, and HPLC, fluorometry which measure the amount of MDA after reacting linoleic acid with $H_2O$$_2$, and LDL with $H_2O$$_2$ and FeCl$_2$. The most suitable extraction conditions of the phenolic compounds from Rubus coreanum was 3 times with 60% ethanol, and the yield of extract containing 35% moisture was 15.28%. In extraction efficacy of phenolic compounds, 60% ethanol was superior to water as extraction solvent, and extraction efficacy with 60% ethanol did not differ from disolving by water after evaporation of 60% ethanol extract. 60% ethanol extract of Rubus coreanum had an ability of hydrogen donating to DPPH, MDA determination showed the antioxidative effect with inhibition ratio of 77.91% on linoleic acid oxidation by addition of Rubus coreanum extract with the concentration of 1.500 ppm. and about 65.74% of LDL oxidation was inhibited by addition of 1,000 ppm.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.1239-1245
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to research the biological activity of ethanol extract from Smilax china L. which is a vine shrub belonging to the lily family. For antiwrinkle effects, elastase inhibition effect of ethanol and water extracts from S. china L. showed 41.1% and 16.3% at $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. The collagenase inhibition effect of ethanol and water extracts from S. china L. showed more than 96.6% and 60.0% at $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. As a result of having fibroblast measured cell viability on fibroblast cell of ethanol extract from S. china L., it showed 71.7% with cell viability at $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. At $50{\mu}g/ml$ concentration, the procollagen biosynthesis effect of ethanol extract from S. china L. was 139.86%. At the same concentration, the matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-1 inhibition effect of the ethanol extract was 74.9%. According to the results of Western blot of ethanol extract from S. china L., the expression of the MMP-1 protein was decreased by 35% at $50{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of ethanol extract from S. china L. showed that the expression of MMP-1 mRNA was decreased by 45% at $50{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. The findings suggest that 70% ethanol extract from S. china L. (SC) has great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with antiwrinkle effects.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.41-51
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidative and anticancer activity of extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis, Zizyphus jujuba and Atractylodes macrocephala. Methods : Three kinds of medicinal herbs were extracted with distilled water and 70% ethanol, and the extracts were tested for their antioxidant activity and growth inhibition activity against cancer cells. Results : Electron donating abilities (EDA) of the water and ethanol extract from Zizyphus jujuba and Atractylodes macrocephala were over than 87% at 1,000 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The highest nitrite scavenging abilities (NSA) of the water and ethanol extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis were 68.9 and 79.2% at 1,000 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Atractylodes macrocephala extracts had shown the highest growth inhibition activity against both of MDA and A549 cells and the water extract had higher activity than ethanol extract. Conclusions : These results suggest that the extracts of medicinal herbs used for this experiment had specific biological activity and they can be used as natural antioxidant to prevent oxidative damage in normal cells.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.967-972
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• 2006

The antioxidative and antimicrobial activities were determined on the mushroom (Sarcodon aspratus) extracts in order to find out new food functional components. The antioxidative activities of water and ethanol extracts from the Sarcodon aspratus were measured by peroxide values (POV), electron-donating ability (EDA) using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydroxyl (DPPH), nitrite-scavenging ability and superoxide dismutase-like activity (SODA) by pyrogallol. The antioxidative activity of the ethanol extract measured by POV was higher than those of the water extract, BHT, and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$. The EDA of the water extract and ethanol extract using DPPH showed the highest values of 76.94% and 73.06%, respectively. The nitrite-scavenging abilities (pH 1.2, 1,000 ppm) of the water and ethanol extracts were 72.61% and 62.69%, respectively, and the nitrite-scavenging ability of the water extract was higher than that of the ethanol extract in all pH values. The SODA of the ethanol extract was higher than that of the water extract. The Sarcodon aspratus extracts had antimicrobial effects on Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2019

Morus alba fruit contains several anthocyanins and flavonoids like cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside. Extractions from Morus alba fruit were performed with five different compositions of ethanol/water [v/v]. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used for the validation and content determination of cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside. The contents of cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside in ethanol extracts (100%, 70%, 40%, 20% and 0%, ethanol/water [v/v]) were 1.150%, 0.822%, 0.749%, 0.663% and 0.597%, respectively. Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside contents of ethanol extracts (100%, 70%, 40%, 20% and 0%, ethanol/water [v/v]) were 0.167%, 0.161%, 0.159%, 0.155% and 0.096%, respectively. The highest contents of cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside were in the ethanol extract with 100% ethanol/water [v/v]. These HPLC analysis method could be used as basic data for standardization of functional food from Morus alba fruit.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.327-333
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• 2007

This study was conducted to examine antioxidant activities of Perilla frutescens var. acuta leaf. For the this purpose, DPPH radical scavenging activity, lipid oxidation inhibition, SOD-like activity, and xanthine oxidase inhibitor activity of water extract, ethanol extracts (30, 50, 70, and 95%) and the fractions obtained from these extracts were determined. The electron donating abilities of the chloroform fraction obtained from the 70% and 95% ethanol extracts were 50%, and that of the ethyl acetate fraction for all of the extracts was above 75%. In particular, the electron donating ability of the ethyl acetate fraction of the 70% ethanol extract showed the greatest activity with 200.5 ppm of $RC_{50}$ value. The 70% ethanol extract was most effective to inhibit the automatic oxidation of linoleic acid at $40^{\circ}C$ storage. The highest inhibition effects appeared in the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of the water extract, and the 30, 50, and 70% ethanol extracts, and the highest lipid oxidation inhibiting effect of the 95% ethanol extract occurred in the hexane and acetate fractions. The SOD-like activity of the water extract was 30.3%, and the activities of the various concentration of ethanol extracts were 28-32% and the activity of the 70% ethanol extract was the highest. The SOD-like activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of the 70% ethanol extract was highest with 1,549.0 ppm of $RC_{50}$ value. Xanthine oxidase inhibition activity was greatest in the water extract and the activities of the ethanol extracts were 36-41.2%. The xanthine oxidase inhibition activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of the water extract was highest. In summary, we found that electron donating ability, lipid oxidation inhibition, and SOD-like activity of Perilla frutescens var. acuta leaf were greatest in the ethyl acetate fraction of the 70% ethanol extract, and xanthine oxidase inhibition activity was highest in the ethyl acetate fraction of the water extract.