• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.141-145
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between behavioral signs and duration of estrous in Hanwoo and Holstein cattle for the prediction of optical insemination. Fifty two of 58 and 71 of 89 in Hanwoo and Holstein cows or heifers showed estrous exhibition within 72 h after 2 days following $PGF_{2}\alpha$ administration, respectively. The number of mounting and standing heat were 54.2 and 57.6, 59.4 and 53.5, 42.0 and 30.8 and 16.2 and 10.7 times in Hanwoo cows, Hanwoo heifers, Holstein cows and Holstein heifers, respectively. Duration of mounting were no significantly difference for Hanwoo cows ($21.2\pm11.3$), Hanwoo heifers ($19.9\pm11.4$), Holstein cows ($8.7\pm4.4$) and Holstein heifers ($16.9\pm8.0$). Duration of standing heat were significantly (p<0.05) shorter for Holstein cows ($5.4\pm3.4$) than for Hanwoo cows ($17.1\pm9.6$), Hanwoo heifers ($16.5\pm6.3$) and Holstein heifers ($15.0\pm7.2$). Time until mounting after injection of $PGF_{2}\alpha$ were significantly (p<0.05) longer for Holstein cows ($56.3\pm11.45$) than for Hanwoo cows ($42.71\pm10.44$), Hanwoo heifers ($36.6\pm8.21$) and Holstein heifers ($40.70\pm6.15$). Time until standing heat after injection of $PGF_{2}\alpha$ were significantly (p<0.05) longer for Holstein cows ($61.6\pm8.92$) than for Hanwoo cows ($46.2\pm11.49$), Hanwoo heifers ($42.7\pm6.06$) and Holstein heifers ($44.1\pm6.72$). In the results of this study, duration of standing heat was the shortest in Holstein cows ($5.4\pm3.4$). The estimation of estrous with Holstein cows has more difficulty because to significantly shorter duration of standing heat than for Hanwoo cows, Hanwoo heifers and Holstein heifers. The standing heat can be a good predictor for time of ovulation but it is concluded that mounting behavior could be the best predictor for time of ovulation.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.253-262
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• 1989

This study was performed to investigate the patterns of progesterone secretion after induction of estrus in premature, metestrous and anestrous bitches. A total of 22 bitches were used. Of them 18 bitches were treated with hormone to induced estrus and 4 bitches were untreated and served as controls. Estrus was induced with $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$, estrone, estradiol-$17{\beta}$, PMSG and HCG(Treatment A), and with PMSG and HCG(Treatment B). Blood samples were collected via the cephalic vein at 2 to 5 days interval. Blood samples were centrifuged (1,200g, 10min.) within 30 minutes after collection and plasma was stored at $-20^{\circ}C$ until analyzed for the progesterone concentrations. Plamsa progesterone concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. The results of estrous induction were determined by estrous signs, ovarian response, egg recovery and progesterone patterns. The results obtained were as follows; 1. All bitches in treatment A showed estrous signs, however the ovarian response and egg recovery were not detectable and the levels of progesterone were nearly same as before. 2. In the treatment B, premature and metestrous bitches showed only estrous signs, however 5 of 7 anestrous bitches (71.4%) showed estrous signs, ovarian response and changes of progesterone levels. In conclusion, clinical estrous behavior can be induced during any phase of the estrous cycle, but ovulation should be induced only if induction occur approximately 4 months or more after the previous estrus.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2007

본 연구는 젖소의 발정 행동 징후에 따라 배란 시간을 예측하고 결정하기 위하여 발정의 다양한 행동 징후(승가, 승가허용, 외음부 냄새 맡기 및 턱비빔)와 배란 시간과의 관계에 대해 조사하였다 공시된 51두 중 37두에서 배란이 일어났으며, 이 중 28두에서 발정 발현이 나타났다. 발정 행동 징후는 $PGF_2{\alpha}$주사 후 2일째부터 72시간 동안 육안 관찰하였으며 배란 시간(4시간 간격으로 초음파 검사)과의 관계를 각각 조사하였다. 발정 행동별 발정 발현율은 외음부 냄새와 턱비빔은 81%와 78%를 보였으며, 승가는 78% 승가 허용은 56%를 보였다. 발정 행동 징후별 발정 개시와 종료의 배란 시간까지의 간격 분포는 발정 개시 후 배란까지는 배란 전 $7{\sim}37$시간(평균 $25.58{\pm}7.94$ 시간)사이였으며, 발정 종료 후 배란까지는 배란 전 $1{\sim}28$시간(평균 $13.42{\pm}7.14$ 시간) 사이였다. 발정 행동별 발정 개시 후 배란까지의 시간에서 승가 허용($17.33{\pm}5.83$시간)이 승가($23.58{\pm}5.12$ 시간), 외음부 냄새 맡기$(24.25{\pm}6.09$시간), 턱비빔($23.42{\pm}6.04$ 시간)보다 유의적으로(p<0.05) 짧게 나타났다. 또한 발정 행동별 배란 전 발정 개시에서 승가, 승가 허용, 외음부 냄새 맡기 및 턱비빔은 12시간 간격 안에서 $16{\sim}28$시간(88%), $10{\sim}22$시간(81%), $16{\sim}28$시간(79%) 및 $19{\sim}31$시간(79%)사이에서 각각 개시하였다. 외음부 냄새 맡기와 턱비빔 행동은 발정 단계가 아닐 때도 보이는 행동이기 때문에 배란 시간을 예측하기에는 적절하지 않다. 결론적으로, 승가 허용와 승가 행위는 배란 시간을 예측하는데 좋은 지표이지만, 승가 허용은 승가를 허용하는 개체의 수가 제한적이기 때문에 배란 시간을 예측하는데 다소 어려운 실정이다. 따라서 승가 행위로 배란 시간을 예측하는 것이 훌륭한 지표가 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.203-211
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• 1988

The present study was carried out to investigate the estrous behavior and vaginal smear after induction of estrus with exogenous hormones in the premature, metestrous and anestrous bitches. A total of 21 bitches(Mixed breed: 16, Jindo breed: 5), from 10 months to 5 years of age and weighing 8 to 15 kg was studied the change of vaginal smear and the estrous behavior before and after induction of estrus. The results obtained are as follows: 1. In the treatment A(They were given the $PGF_2{\alpha}$, estrone, estradiol-$17{\beta}$, PMSG and HCG) proestrus commenced in $10.16{\pm}1.44$($Mean{\pm}SEM$) days after treatment, The mean duration of proestrus, and estrus was $7.50{\pm}1.44$ and $13.50{\pm}3.44$ days, respectively. In the treatment B(They were given the PMSG and HCG) proestrus commenced in $5.53{\pm}0.59$ days after treatment. The mean duration of proestrus and estrus was $6.60{\pm}0.71$ and $14.60{\pm}1.14$ days, respectively. 2. All of the 6 bitches in the treatment A showed vulval swelling and vaginal discharge, 14 of the 15 bitches in the treatment B showed vulval swelling and vaginal discharge. However, all of the treatment A and B showed male acceptance. 3. The main change of vaginal smear in proestrus and estrus after induction of estrus was a increase in the proportion of anuclear and superficial cells associated with a decrease in small intermediate and parabasal cells. By the estrous behavior and vaginal smear the estrus was induced in all the premature, metestrous and anestrous bitches.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2007

본 연구는 젖소 경산우와 미경산우의 다양한 발정 행동 특성과 배란 시간을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 공시된 89두 중 73두에서 배란이 일어났으며, 이 중 61두에서 발정 발현이 나타났다. 다양한 발정 행동은 $PGF_2{\alpha}$ 투여 후 2일째부터 72시간 동안 육안 관찰하였으며, 배란 시간(4시간 간격으로 초음파 시험)과의 관계를 각각 조사하였다. 경산우의 발정 발현율은 외음부 냄새 맡기, 턱 비빔, 승가 및 승가 허용에서 각각 81%, 78%, 78% 및 56%로 나타났으며, 미경산우에서는 외음부 냄새 맡기, 턱 비빔, 승가 및 승가 허용은 각각 61%, 68%, 82% 및 76%를 보였다. 젖소 경산우와 미경산우에서 발정 개시 후 배란까지의 평균 $25.58{\pm}7.94$와 $25.55{\pm}5.72$시간이었으며, 발정 종료 후 배란까지는 평균 $13.42{\pm}7.14$와 $7.48{\pm}7.4$시간이었다. 경산우의 발정 개시 후 배란까지의 시간에서는 승가 허용($17.33{\pm}5.83$시간)이 승가, 외음부 냄새 맡기, 턱 비빔($23.58{\pm}5.12$시간, $24.25{\pm}6.09$시간, $23.42{\pm}6.04$시간)보다 유의적으로(p<0.05) 짧게 나타났으며, 미경산우에서는 유의적인 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 승가 허용 종료에서 배란까지의 시간에서는 미경산우($6.38{\pm}4.80$)가 경산우($13.05{\pm}4.53$)에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05) 짧게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과에 의해 우유생산에 관련한 생리적인 변화가 젖소 발정행동과 배란 특성의 변화의 주요 요인일 수 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.486-489
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• 2009

An 8-year-old Thoroughbred mare showing anestrus for longer than 6 months with left ovarian mass was referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University. For 6 months, the mare had received 2 times hormonal therapies with $PGF_2{\alpha}$ and progesterone. The mare had not responded to these therapies and not shown estrous behavior. On rectal palpation, the left ovary was enlarged and contralateral ovary was small and inactive. Transrectal ultrasonographic examination of the left ovary revealed a mass composed of multiple, irregularly shaped follicles. Granulosa cell tumor (GCT) was suspected according to her history. Ovariectomy was performed through the left flank laparotomy with a standing position in a simple chute located outside of horse farm. The mass was diagnosed as GCT on histopathology. The mare was recovered without any problem and became pregnant next spring.