• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2021

We have evaluated the suppression effect of atmospheric-turbulence-induced optical scintillation in terrestrial free-space optical (FSO) communication systems using a gain-saturated erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). The variation of EDFA output signal power has been measured with different amounts of gain saturation and modulation indices of the optical input signal. From the measured results, we have found that the peak-to-peak power variation was decreased drastically below 2 kHz of modulation frequency, in both 3-dB and 6-dB gain compression cases. Then, the power spectral density (PSD) of optical scintillation has been calculated with Butterworth-type transfer function. In the calculation, different levels of atmospheric-turbulence-induced optical scintillation have been taken into account with different values of the Butterworth cut-off frequency. Finally, the suppression effect of optical scintillation has been estimated with the measured frequency response of the EDFA and the calculated PSD of the optical scintillation. From our estimated results, the atmospheric-turbulence-induced optical scintillation could be suppressed efficiently, as long as the EDFA were operated in a deeply gain-saturated region.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.139-146
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• 2001

This paper presents a study on heat transfer and residual distortion analysis of laser welded EDFA(Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier) LD(Laser Diode) Pump using the finite element method. In the production process of LD Pump in light-wave communication system, ferrule and saddle are welded by Nd-YAG laser. These parts experience thermal and mechanical effect during heating and cooling cycle with the laser welding. Thus distortion happens in the laser-welded packaging, and it makes an error in detecting the light signal translate through optical fiber in LD Pump. The amount of final displacement produced by the laser welding is predicted using the finite element method. And the optimal shape of saddle is proposed with the results of numerical analyses to minimize the displacement.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.117-129
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• 2013

We briefly review the recent progress in passively mode-locked fiber lasers (PMLFLs) based on semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) and discuss the detailed characterization of a SESAM-based, passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser operating in the 1.5-${\mu}m$ spectral range for various configurations. A simple and compact design of the laser cavity enables the PMLFL to generate either femtosecond or wavelength-tunable picosecond pulses with high stability as the intra-cavity filtering method is altered. All the cavities investigated in our experiments present self-starting, continuous-wave mode-locking with no Q-switching instabilities. The excellent stability of the source eventually enables the wavelength-tunable PMLFL to be used as a master oscillator for a power-amplifier source based on a large-core EDF, generating picosecond pulses of >10-kW peak power and >100-nJ pulse energy.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.531-534
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• 2003

This report describes the effect of optical delay on the suppression of the power transient excursion in a combined gain-controlled erbium-doped fiber amplifier with an internal optical feedback loop (OFL). A simple homogeneous model showed that the optical delay caused a phase change in the oscillation of the surviving and laser channels, which resulted in a reduction of the overall power transient excursion. In addition to the reduction, a real system with a 1528.7-nm OFL shifted the oscillation upward or downward according to channel removal or addition, whereas another one with a 1560.9-nm OFL did not. This different transient behavior reflected a control-wavelength dependence on optical automatic gain control, where spectral-hole burning dominated over relaxation oscillation for 1528.7 nm, and vice versa for 1560.9 nm.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.434-439
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• 2002

본 연구는 파장 분할 다중화(WDM：Wavelength Division Multiplexing) 방식 전송 시스템 (Transmission System)에 사용되는 어븀 첨가 광섬유 증폭기(EDFA : Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier)의 이득 제어(Gain Control) 방법에 관한 것으로 어븀 첨가 광섬유에서 상호 이득 포화(Cross Gain Saturation) 현상, 이득 비동질 (Gain In-homogeneity) 특성, 그리고 어븀 이온의 밀도 반전(Population Inversion)의 변화 에 의해 출력되는 다 파장 광 신호들의 광 세기가 각기 다르게 출력되는 현상을 고출력을 내도록 구성된 어븀 첨가 광섬유 증폭기와 고속 제어기를 구성하여 위 현상들을 억제하며 이득을 제어하기 위한 레이저 다이오드(Laser Diode : LD)의 제어전압 조사하고, 얻어진 결과들을 토대로 이득 제어에 적합한 방법을 제시하고 제어기를 설계한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.293-297
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• 2002

본 연구는 파장 분할 다중화(WDM： Wavelength Division Multiplexing) 방식 전송 시스템 (Transmission System)에 사용되는 어븀 첨가 광섬유 증폭기(EDFA： Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier)의 이득 제어(Cain Control) 방법에 관한 것으로 어븀 첨가 광섬유에서 상호 이득 포화 (Cross Cain Saturation) 현상, 이득 비동질(Cain In-homogeneity) 특성, 그리고 어븀 이온의 밀도. 반전(Population Inversion)의 변화에 의해 출력되는 다 파장 광 신호들의 광세기가 각기 다르게 출력되는 현상을 고출력을 내도록 구성된 어븀 첨가 광섬유 증폭기와 고속 제어기를 구성하여 위 현상들을 억제하며 이득을 제어하기 위한 레이저 다이오드(Laser Diode : LD)의 제어전압 조사하고, 얻어 진 결과들을 토대로 이득 제어에 적합한 방법을 제시하고 제어기를 설계한다.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 2023

Frequency characteristics of gain-saturated erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) are experimentally evaluated to mitigate the optical signal fluctuation induced by atmospheric turbulence in terrestrial freespace optical communication systems. Here, an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) is used to emulate optical signal fluctuations induced by atmospheric turbulence. The waveform which is generated in proportion to the refractive-index structural parameters is used to drive the AOM at various periodic frequencies. Thus, the dependence of the signal fluctuation suppression on the frequency is evaluated. The experiment is conducted using a periodic frequency sweep of the AOM driving voltage waveform and signal input power variation of the amplifier. It is observed that a low periodic frequency and high input signal power effectively suppress the optical signal fluctuation. This study evaluates the experimental results from the high-pass filter and gain-saturation characteristics of the EDFA.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.786-796
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a hybrid time-division multiplexing and dense wavelength-division multiplexing scheme to implement a cost-effective and scalable long-reach optical access network (LR-OAN). Our main objectives are to increase fiber plant utilization, handle upstream and downstream flow through the same input/output port, extend the reach, and increase the splitting ratio. To this end, we propose the use of an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) and an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) in one configuration. AWG is employed to achieve the first and second objectives, while EDFA is used to achieve the third and fourth objectives. The performance of the proposed LR-OAN is verified using the Optisystem and Matlab software packages under bit error rate constraints and two different approaches (multifiber and single-fiber). Although the single-fiber approach offers a more cost-effective solution because service is provided to each zone via a common fiber, it imposes additional losses, which leads to a reduction in the length of the feeder fiber from 20 km to 10 km.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.142-147
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• 1995

Soliton pulse outputs are generated with figure '8' type erbium-doped fiber laser mode-locked by using a fiber loop mirror. The fiber loop mirror consists of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier at the one end of the loop, and 504 m-long dispersion-shifted fiber as a nonlinear medium. By pumping with a $1.48{\mu}m$ wavelength laser diode and adjusting the polarization controllers inside the loop, soliton pulses are generated with 1574 nm center wavelength and 1.2 nm linewidth. The soliton pulses are found randomly spaced within the fundamental period corresponding to cavity round trip time. The autocorrelation trace shows that the pulse width is 2.4 ps, which is in good agreement with the theoretical prediction. The pulsewidth- bandwidth product is found to be 0.348 which means that the pulses are nearly transform-limited.imited.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.32-33
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• 2009