• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국공작기계학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.175-180
• /
• 1999

Generally, When we measure of object 3D surfaces with phase shifting shadow moire method, it is use of optical system consist of light source, grating, and ccd camera. At this time, it is important parameter that vertical distance of grating and camera, grating and light source, and horizontal distance of camera and light source. When use camera consist of complex lens vertical distance of grating and camera is unknown parameter. From this cause equivalent wave length of moire fringe is uncertain. In this study, We exactly obtain a vertical distance of grating and camera so improve on measurement accuracy.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.138-144
• /
• 2000

The detent force caused by the interaction of magnets with the teeth of a armature core deteriorates the driving performance of a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor. In this paper, we analyze the fields and forces of a linear synchronous motor with segmented or skewed magnet arrangement according to lateral overhang length of permanent magnets. For the analysis, the 3-dimensional equivalent magnetic circuit network method is used. The detent force and the static thrust are analyzed according to the segmented or skewed angle and the overhang length of permanent magnets, and the optimal angles that the detent force is minimized are found out in each case. The analysis results are compared with the experimental ones and shown a reasonable agreement.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국화재소방학회 2003년도 추계학술논문발표회논문집
• /
• pp.126-131
• /
• 2003

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국화재소방학회 2010년도 춘계학술논문발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.246-252
• /
• 2010

원문이미지 참조

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.8-13
• /
• 2013

Fatigue crack growth tests were conducted on urban railway wheel steel under mode I and mixed-mode conditions. Fatigue crack growth rates were evaluated in terms of equivalent stress intensity factor ranges, using both the extended and projected crack lengths. The equivalent stress intensity factor range with the growth rate results obtained under mode I loading conditions can be used to predict the crack growth rate under mixed-mode loading conditions. Extended crack length rather than projected crack length is appropriate for the prediction of the crack growth rate under the mixed-mode loading conditions.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제5권6호
• /
• pp.443-458
• /
• 2005

Steel angles are widely used in roof trusses as web and chord members and in lattice towers. Very often angle members are connected eccentrically. As a result, not only an angle member is under an axial force, but it is also subject to a pair of end eccentric moments. Moreover, the connection at each end provides some fixity so neither pinned nor the fixed end represents the reality. Many national design codes allow for the effects due to eccentricities by modifying the slenderness ratio and reducing the compressive strength of the member. However, in practice, it is difficult to determine accurately the effective length. The concept behind this method is inconsistent with strength design of members of other cross-sectional types such as I or box sections of which the buckling strength is controlled by the Perry constant or the initial imperfection parameters. This paper proposes a method for design of angle frames and trusses by the second-order analysis. The equivalent initial imperfection-to-length ratios for equal and unequal angles to compensate the negligence of initial curvatures, load eccentricities and residual stresses are determined in this paper. From the obtained results, the values of imperfection-to-length ratios are suggested for design and analysis of angle steel trusses allowing for member buckling strength based on the Perry-Robertson formula.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.104-113
• /
• 2022

We present a method to count the overall length of the zoom system in an initial design stage. In a zoom-lens design using the concept of the group, it has been very hard to precisely estimate the overall length at all zoom positions through the previous paraxial studies. To solve this difficulty, we introduce T_eq as a measure of the total track length in an equivalent zoom system, which can be found from the first order parameters obtained by solving the zoom equations. Among many solutions, the parameters that provide the smallest T_eq are selected to construct a compact initial zoom system. Also, to obtain an 8× four-group zoom system without moving groups, tunable polymer lenses (TPLs) have been introduced as a variator and a compensator. The final designed zoom lens has a short overall length of 29.99 mm, even over a wide focal-length range of 4-31 mm, and an f-number of F/3.5 at wide to F/4.5 at tele position, respectively.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.555-562
• /
• 2014

성능 기반 내진설계를 위해서는 지진후 건물의 사용성과 복원성에 대한 명확한 목표가 필요하다. 이를 위해서는 건물의 구성 재료의 검토가 필요하고, 특히, 부재에 잔류하는 변형을 지표로 사용하는 것은 유용하다. 프리스트레스트 콘크리트는 PC 강재의 원점지향적 성질 덕분에 많이 이용이 될 것으로 생각된다. 이 연구는 PSC 보부재의 잔류 변형을 연구하고 산정하는 것에 목표를 두고 있다. '등가 소성 힌지 길이법'을 바탕으로 위험단면에서의 곡률과 등가 소성 힌지 길이를 이용하여 부재의 변형각을 구하는 식을 유도한다. '분할 요소 해석법'을 통하여 PC강재와 콘크리트 사이의 부착-미끄러짐을 고려하면서 힘의 균형과 변형을 적합 조건을 만족하는 해석값을 도출했다. 잔류 변형률에 영향을 미치는 각종 요인들을 파라미터 스터디를 통하여 잔류 변형률 산정식에 필요한 각종 수치를 결정했다. 그중에서 잔류변형에 많은 영향을 미치는 피크시 등가 소성 힌지 길이, 잔류 변형시 등가 소성 힌지 길이 및 피크시부터 잔류 변형시에 발생하는 위험 단면 위치에서의 곡률 감소량에 대하여 중점적으로 검토를 실시했다. 이 연구 결과를 바탕으로 앞으로 활발한 연구가 진행되기를 기대한다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.59-68
• /
• 1987

본(本) 논문(論文)에서는 콘크리트의 파괴실험을 통하여 파괴거동을 규명하고 파괴에너지를 결정하였으며, 이로부터 파괴에너지 예측공식을 도출하였다. 콘크리트의 파괴실험은 3 점휨하중실험을 수행하였으며 초기균열길이에 따른 파괴거동과 파괴에너지의 변화특성을 규명하기 위하여 초기균열길이를 보깊이의 각각 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 배로 하였다. 본 실험으로부터 하중-처짐곡선이 자동으로 기록되었으며, 이 하중-처짐곡선하의 면적이 콘크리트의 파괴에너지를 결정하기 위하여 이용되었다. 본 연구에서 도출된 파괴에너지 예측공식은 콘크리트구조물의 파괴해석을 위해 효과적으로 이용될 수 있으며, 파괴에너지가 콘크리트의 인장강도와 골재크기에 의존하고 있음을 나타내고 있다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 콘크리트보의 최대하중을 계산하기 위하여 소위 등가균열길이 개념용 고안하였으며, 이를 위하여 등가균열길이에 대한 예측공식을 제안하였다. 본 등가균열길이 개념은 R-curve 등(等)에 의하지 않고도 파괴하중을 계산할 수 있는 효과적인 개념으로 분석되고 있다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.116-126
• /
• 2009

The use of short implants has been accepted risky from biomechanical point of view. However, short implants appear to be a long term viable solution according to recent clinical reports. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different diameter and length of implant size to the different type of bone on the load distribution pattern. Stress analysis was performed using 3-dimensional finite element analysis(3D-FEA). A three-dimensional linear elastic model was generated. All implants modeled were of the various diameter(${\phi}4.0$, 4.5, 5.0 and 6.0 mm) and varied in length, at 7.0, 8.5 and 10.0 mm. Each implant was modeled with a titanium abutment screw and abutment. The implants were seated in a supporting D2 and D4 bone structure consisting of cortical and cancellous bone. An amount of 100 N occlusal load of vertical and $30^{\circ}$ angle to axis of implant and to buccolingual plane were applied. As a result, the maximum equivalent stress of D2 and D4 bones has been concentrated upper region of cortical bone. As the width of implant is increased, the equivalent stress is decreased in cancellous bone and stress was more homogeneously distributed along the implants in all types of bone. The short implant of diameter 5.0mm, 6.0mm showed effective stress distribution in D2 and D4 bone. The oblique force of 100N generated more concentrated stress on the D2 cortical bone. Within the limitations of this study, the use of short implant may offer a predictable treatment method in the vertically restricted sites.