• Applied Microscopy
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 1990

The epidermal tissue of Korean planaria Phagocata vivida(Ijima et Kaburaki) is composed of the simple columnar epithelium. The ventral epidermis of this animals is thinner than the dorsal epidermis and has a furrow in the median line in which dark cell is observed. The clear cells which are electron-lucent are located either side of the dark cells. Those are compactly covered with long cilia. The free surface of the latero-ventral epidermis is tightly contacted with the earth and this epidermal free surface has a great number of short cilia, and a lot of C-type of basophilic granule cell are migrated into the cytoplasm of epithelium from mesenchyme passing through the basement membrane and then this granules are put out of latero-ventral free surface. Dorsal epidermis is thickest among the whole epidermis of these animals and the rhabdite granules are more distributed in dorsal epidermis than in ventral epidermis. According to the cytochemical and ultrastructural research, composed epidermis of this planaria are divided into nine type cells, that is, ciliated columnar epithelium, dark cell, mucous cell, rhabdite-forming cell, sunk round cell, A type, B type, C type and D type of basophilic granule cell.

• 환경생물
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2005

The effects of light and $CO_2$ on the electrophysiological characteristics of guard cells in the intact leaf and isolated epidermis have been investigated. Fast hyperpolarization of guard cell apoplastic PD in the intact leaf was recorded reaching up to around 7 mV and 20 mV in response to light and $CO_2$. Whenever the experiments were attempted with isolated epidermis, there was no response to light and $CO_2$. In order to determine the influence of the mesophyll cells, the apoplastic PD of guard cells in isolated epidermis was measured in the presence of the mesophyll supernatant or the control medium. The apoplastic PD in isolated epidermis was hyperpolarized to -7mV, changing from -22mV to -29mV at 40 min. But, when isolated epidermis was incubated with the supernatant from mesophyll cells incubated in the light, the apoplastic PD in isolated epidermis was hyperpolarized to -19 mV, changing from -22 mV to -40.5 mV. $CO_2$ also caused a change of 0.1 to 0.3 pH unit in the intact leaf. However, this change was absent in isolated epidermis. A vibrating probe was used to detect the change in electrical currents at the surface of excised intact leaves and isolated epidermis. The reading of excised intact leaves in the dark was $0.5\muA\;cm^{-2},$ remaining steady until illuminated. Light increased the current on the surface of excised leaves to about $0.8\muA\;cm^{-2},$. However, light had no effect in the current on the surface of isolated epidermis. Apoplastic pH changes across the stomatal complex in response to light and dark were measured both in the intact leaves and isolated epidermis over the same time period using pH micro-electrodes. The guard cell wall of intact leaf was acidified to 2.5 pH unit, falling from pH 7.5 to pH 5.0 in the first 10 min. in the light. At the same time the guard cell wall pH of isolated epidermis fell from pH 7.5 to pH 7.0 at 10 min. The guard cell wall pH of isolated epidermis incubated in the mesophyll supernatant fell from pH 7.6 to pH 6.7 at 10 min. Likewise, It could be imagined that an electrical signal, chemicals and hormones propagated from the mesophyll in response to light and $CO_2$ could control a fast stomatal response.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.303-310
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• 2000

문치가자미의 피부 상피층은 지지세포, 선세포 그리고 부속세포들로 구성된다. 지지세포는 표면세포, 중간세포 및 기저세포로 구분된다. 지지세포들의 세포질은 공통적으로 피질부와 수질부로 나누어지는때, 수질부에는 세포 소기관의 발달이 현저하며, 피질부에는 미세섬유의 발달이 뚜렷하다. 선세포들은 상피의 표면층과 중간층에 존재한다. 점액세포의 세포질은 AB-PAS에 청색으로 반응하였다. 곤봉방세포는 세포질에 원형의 중심공포와 발달된 미세섬유들을 가진다. 과립세포는 주로 중간층과 기저층에 존재하고, 세포질의 대부분은 막을 가진 전자밀도가 높은 과립들이 차지한다. 염세포는 주로 표층에 위치하며, 세포질의 대부분은 잘 발달된 미토콘드리아들이 차지한다. 색소세포는 세포질에 존재하는 함유물의 전자밀도에 따라 세 종류로 구분할 수 있다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.241-247
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• 2005

왕종개 Iksookimia longicorpa의 공기호흡에 관한 호흡체계를 조사하기 위해 표피 (epidermis)와 소화관 (intestinal tract)를 관찰하였다. 표피는 작은 점액세포 (mucous cell)와 곤봉세포 (club cell)로 이루어진 두 종류의 선세포 (gland cell)을 가진다. 점액세포는 대부분 acid sulfomucin으로 구성되었으나 곤봉상세포는 점액물질에 대한 어떠한 반응도 보이지 않았다. 기저층에는 작은 림파구를 포함하는 lymphocytes가 존재하며, 다량의 모세혈관이 기저층 바로 아래부분에 존해하고 있다. 장( intestinal tract)은 거의 일직선형태이며, 크게 장(intestine)과 직장(rectum)으로 구성된다. 이러한 장은 점액층 (mucosa), 점막하층 (laminal propria-submucosa), 근육층 (musculary), 장막 (serosa) 층으로 구성되었다. 이러한 장은 짧은 fold와 얇은 벽으로 구성되었으며, 점막층은 acid sulfomucin의 점액을 가지고 있다. 공기호흡하는 어류들의 변형된 공기호흡 기관의 특징들과 비교해 볼 때 왕종개는 하천의 가뭄으로 인해 용존산소가 부족할 경우 장에서는 이루어지지않고 표피에서만 공기를 흡입하는 것으로 생각된다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.315-318
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• 2000

Structure of the skin in amphibious fish, Periophthalmus modestus, was described in relation to cutaneous respiration. The epidermis has no gland cell. The epidermis consists of three regions: outermost layer of one to five layers of flattened epithelial cells, middle layer of swollen epithelial cells instead of glandular cells and stratum germinativum of cuboidal cells. There are numerous blood capillaries in the outermost layer of the epidermis and diffusion distance between the blood of capillaries and the epidermis is about 1.4 Um. The middle layer of the epidermis appears to be a web-like structure due to the swollen epithelial cells. The stratum germinativum has a well-developed lymphatic space containing lymphocytes. There are numerous blood capillaries and elliptical area with acid mucopolysaccharides in stratum laxum of the dermis. The skin of Periophthalmus modestus may be an accessory respiratory organ for oxygen uptake during terrestrial or aquatic life.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.307-314
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• 1998

The author has undertaken this study for demonstrating the relationship between keratinization and proliferation as well as remodeling of epidermis. Healthy ICR strain male mice, weighing about $20\sim25gm$, were used as experimental animals. Under the general anesthesia with ether the skins of experimental animals were subjected to a dorsal, transverse, full-thickness incision with 0.5cm in length, and removed them on 3rd day, 7th day and 2nd week after operation Specimens were prepared for electron microscopic study. The results obtained were as follows: The epidermis of 3rd day group is made up of $7\sim8$ keratinocytes. The new epidermal cells are grown beneath the necrotic tissue. Keratohyaline granules (KHGs) are visible in some granular cells. Various sited-KHGs are seen in granular layer cell, and in spinous cell ribosomes, tonofilaments and lamellar granules are seen. The epidermis of 7th day group is made up of $7\sim8$ keratinocytes. Numerous KHGs are seen in granular layer cells. KHGs are located in granular layer cells as well as spinous layer cells. The epidermis of End week group is composed of one-layered basal cell and $1\sim2$ layered superficial cells. Various sized-KHGs are observed in granular layer cells. The results of the present study suggest that as the epidermis should be keratinized during proliferation and remodeling process, so keratinization of the epidermis would play a major role of wound healing process.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.46-49
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• 2008

This research does Complexity form, Interior epidermis cell re-organization, Object discovery that have correct numerical value concept by purpose. Research applied by Grid re-organization in form generation, Parameter variation of cell unit (morphor, tweener), Symbol, pattern of variation, self-organization cell substitution order. Representation through 3d digital modeler of polygon, Nurbs and street-sheet program(x,y,z coordinates & Network way of points) etc. of main work. Investigator specified numbers of U profiles*30, V point-20 that is 600 Paramaters individual in volume, and define circle radius of lighting in object, Projection size variously and tried difference. Transposition cell to point and Heightened brightness of color using pointillism of painting. Led lighting cell object is expressed being decoded by digital code.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to elucidate the effect of keratinase on epidermis of rat skin. Twenty-five male Sprague-Dolly rats were used. The hair on the back were removed and $2{\times}2cm$ area was marked. The rats were divided five groups; 1) Control group(Co), 2) Cleansing gel group(Cl), 3) Cleansing gel+keratinase group, 4) Exfoliant gel group(Ex), and 5) Exfoliant gel+ keratinase group(Ex+K). The solutions were applied to the back area twice a day for five days. On fifth day, the skins were harvested, fixed and prepared for histologic sections. The thickness of keratin layer, living epidermis, dermis, and cell layer number of living epidermis were measured. In the group containing keratinase(Cl+K, Ex+K), the thickness of keratin layer and living layer were thinner than other groups. However, there were no significant differences of the cell layer number of living epidermis and thickness of the dermis among the five groups. We think the keratinase may have the effect thinning the keratin layer as well as the thickness of living epidermis, without effecting the living cell and dermal component. The keratinase containing soap may be of benefit to remove the excess keratin layers in human.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2000

왕종개 Iksookimia longicorpus 피부 및 피부샘 (skin gland)의 구조와 그들의 세포화학적 특징을 조사하기 위해 등, 측면, 복부, 머리부분 등 4부분을 조사하였다. 왕종개의 표피 (epidermis)는 작은 점액세포 (mucous cell)와 커다란 club cell의 2 type의 gland가 분포하였다. 특히 mucous cell의 성분은 acidic sulfomucins이었으나 club cell은 점액물질 (mucosubstance) test에 전혀 반응을 나타내지 않았다. 표피의 기저층 (stratum germinativum)에는 림파구를 가지는 lymphocytic space가 잘 발달되어 있으며, 기저막 (basement membrane) 바로 아래에는 많은 양의 모세혈관들이 서로 가깝게 분포하였다. 진피 (dermis)의 stratum laxum에는 alcian blue와 PAS 반응에서 양성반응을 보이는 부분 (a definite area)이 존재하였다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.93-106
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• 1989

한국산 육생 민달팽의 표피상피세포 및 점액형성세포의 세포화학적 또는 미세구조적 연구를 위하여 본 실험을 수행하였다. I. 표피상피조직 민달팽이의 표피상피세포는 부위에 따라 외투, 족측상피조직으로 구분하였다. 이들 상피조직은 불규칙한 단층원주상 상피세포로 구성되었으며, 단층원주상 상피세포들은 감각상피세포, 지지상피세포, 점액형성세포 그리고 감각상피세포와 유사한 우명상피세포들로 각각 이루워져 있었다. 외투 및 족측상피조직에서는 감각상피세포와 지지상피세포가 관찰되고, 우명상피세포는 배측상피조직 사이에서만 관찰되었다. II. 점액과립 형성세포 산성점액과립 형성세포와 중성점액과립 형성세포들이 외투, 족측 그리고 배측의 불규칙한 단층원주상 상피세포 사이에서 관찰되었다. 이같은 점액과립 형성세포들의 수는 상피조직의 부위에 따라서 각각 다르게 나타났다.