• 제목/요약/키워드: enzymatic and acid hydrolysis

검색결과 244건 처리시간 0.032초

새로운 맥아당 제조기술과 식품공업이용 (New Technique of Maltose Manufacturing and its uses in Food Industry)

  • 이성갑
    • 기술사
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.27-35
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    • 1984
  • When starch is hydrolyzed either by acid or by the enzymes maltase or diastase, contained in germinating barley, a yield of 80% of maltose is obtained. Maltose is built of two molecules of ${\alpha}$-glucose, bound in the position 1:4 i.e., carbon atom 1 of one glucose molecule is bound in a glucosidic bond to carbon atom 4 of the second molecule. Until around 1960, dextrose and glucose syrups were prepared from starch exclusively by acid hydrolysis. The process was corrosive, and the dextrose yield low. It was, therefore, a great step forward when pure glucoamylase in combination with bacterial ${\alpha}$-amylase made possible a complete enzymatic hydrolysis of starch to dextrose. Today several enzymatic processes are used in the industry.

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Enhancing Enzymatic Digestibility of Miscanthus sinensis using Steam Explosion Coupled with Chemicals

  • Jung, Ji Young;Yang, Jae-Kyung
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제44권2호
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    • pp.218-230
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    • 2016
  • The effect of steam explosion coupled with alkali (1% sodium hydroxide, 1% potassium hydroxide and 15% sodium carbonate) or organosolv solvent (85% methanol, 70% ethanol and dioxane) on the production of sugar, changes in the chemical composition of M. sinensis were evaluated. The steam explosion coupled with 1% potassium hydroxide and dioxane were better as compared with other treatments based on the removals of acid insoluble lignin, and about 89.0% and 85.4%. Enzymatic hydrolysis of steam explosion with 1% potassium hydroxide and dioxane treated M. sinensis, gave a 98.0% and 96.5% of glucose conversion, respectively. These results suggested that pretreatment of M. sinensis with either potassium hydroxide or dioxane could be a promising pretreatment method for glucose production.

산화양모의 효소처리에 의한 양모섬유의 개질(제1보)-화학적 성질의 변화- (Modification of Oxidation Wool Treated with Protease(Part I)-Changes of chemical properties)

  • 김영리;유효선
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제22권7호
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    • pp.843-850
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    • 1998
  • The purpose of this study is the investigation of chemical properties of wool treated with oxidants and protease at low temperature. The chemical degradation of the fibers were investigated by measuring $\alpha$-amimo acid contents and FT-IR analysis. In addition, urea-hydrogensulfite solubility was measured to compare to the oxidation and protease treated wool. The results were as follows. 1) By the oxidation of wool, cystine is oxidised to cysteic acid by way of the intermediate oxides, cystine-S-monooxide and cystine-S-dioxide, in the case hydrolysis catalysed by the protease catalyse. Also, $\alpha$-amimo acid contents is increased, and urea-hydrogensulfite solubility was lower than that of untreated wool. This chemical degradation of wool was occurred due to oxidate hydrolysis in the order of permonosulfate>dichloroisocyanuric acid$\geq$chlorine. 2) The chemical degradation of wool was accelerated by the protease treatment of oxidized wool. Oxidation of wool is considered to make the fiber more susceptibled to enzymatic attact by opening disulphide bond within wool. Enzymatic attact was effectively directed to the wool oxidised by permonosulfate.

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Antioxidant and Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Red Snow Crab Chionoecetes japonicas Shell Hydrolysate by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

  • Yoon, Na Young;Shim, Kil-Bo;Lim, Chi-Won;Kim, Sang-Bo
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.237-242
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    • 2013
  • We investigated the antioxidant and angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of red snow crab Chionoecetes japonicas shell (RSCS) hydrolysate by enzymatic hydrolysis and its molecular weight cut-off fractions. The RSCS hydrolysate was fractionated through two ultrafiltration membranes of 3 and 10 kDa cut-offs. Three fractions (<3 kDa, 3-10 kDa, and >10 kDa) were evaluated for total amino acid composition, antioxidant activities using 2'-azino-bis[3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] ($ABTS^+$) radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities and reducing power assays, and ACE inhibitory activity using Hou's method. Although all fractions showed activity, the <3 kDa fraction of RSCS hydrolysate exhibited the greatest $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging, SOD-like and ACE inhibitory activities. However, these fractions exhibited low reducing power. These results suggest that the low-molecular-weight enzymatic hydrolysate of RSCS could be used as a functional ingredient to control oxidative stress and ACE activity.

효소에 의한 양파가수분해액의 제조 (Preparation of Onion Hydrolysates with Enzyme)

  • 서형주;정수현;손종연;손흥수;조원대;마상조
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제25권5호
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    • pp.786-790
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    • 1996
  • 본 실험에서는 국내산 양파들의 일반성분, 유리아미노산 및 유리당의 함량을 비교, 분석하였으며, 또한 Celluclast 1.5L, Viscozyme L, Cereflo 및 Pectinex 등의 효소를 첨가하였을 때의 양파 가수분해액의 수율 및 성분 변화에 대하여 조사하고자 하였다. 국내산 양파의 수분, 단백질, 지방, 탄수화물 및 회분의 함량은 89~90%, 1.8~l.9%, 0.4~0.5%, 7.1~8.5% 및 0.3~0.5%인 것으로 나타났다. 주요 유리당은 glucose, fructose 및 sucrose 이었으며, 주요 유리아미노산은 cysteine, histidine, arginine 및 glutamic acid였다. Cereflo, Celluclast 1.5L, Pectinex와 Viscozyme L 처리에 의한 양파의 가수분해도는 각각 69%, 71%, 80% 및 62%이었다. 효소에 의한 양파의 가수분해시 유리당의 함량은 증가한 반면 pyruvic acid 함량은 감소하는 경향을 보였다.

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Production of Hydrolyzed Red Ginseng Residue and Its Application to Lactic Acid Bacteria Cultivation

  • Kim, Dong-Chung;In, Man-Jin
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • 제34권4호
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    • pp.321-326
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    • 2010
  • Enzymatic treatment conditions for red ginseng residue (RGR) were investigated to apply RGR as a microbial medium. Polysaccharide hydrolyase and protease were screened to obtain high solid and carbohydrate yields, and a good degree of carbohydrate hydrolysis. The optimal dosage and reaction time for Viscozyme, the chosen polysaccharide hydrolyase, were found to be 1.0% (w/w) and 3 h, respectively. Of the tested proteases, Flavourzyme, whose optimal dosage was 0.5% (w/w), was selected. Co-treatment with the optimal dosages of Flavourzyme and Viscozyme increased solid yield, carbohydrate yield, and degree of carbohydrate hydrolysis by 76%, 65%, and 1,865%, respectively, over levels in non-treated RGR. The culture characteristics of Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain KACC 91459P grown in enzymatically hydrolyzed red ginseng residue (ERGR) and RGR suspensions were compared. After cultivation for 6 h, the viable cell counts of both cell suspensions rapidly increased to $1.3{\times}10^9$ colony-forming units (CFU)/g. Moreover, while the viable cell population drastically decreased to $2.4{\times}10^6\;CFU/g$ for cells grown in RGR medium, it was maintained in cells fermented in ERGR medium for 24 h.

마늘가수분해물의 갈변반응에 미치는 항갈색화제의 영향 (Effects of Antibrowning Agents on the Browning Reaction of Enzymatic Garlic Hydrolyzate)

  • 김영애
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.201-206
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    • 1998
  • The antibrowning effcts of cysteine, citric acid and ascorbic acid on the browning reaction of enzymatic garlic hydrolyzate were investigated at 37$^{\circ}C$ for 12 days. Cysteine was the most effective antibrowning agent followed by citric acid. The antibrowning effects of cysteine and citric acid were greater as concentrations increased, and the optimal concentration of both cysteine and citric acid as antibrowning agents was 0.3%. Ascorbic acid itself contributed to the browning reaction and showed an accelerating effect as the concentration increased. The addition of 0.1% ascorbic acid as synergist either to 0.3% cysteine or 0.3% citric acid did not enhance significantly the antibrowning effect of cysteine or citric acid. When stored at 3$0^{\circ}C$, 4$0^{\circ}C$ and 5$0^{\circ}C$, the browning reaction was accelerated as the temperature increased, especially at 5$0^{\circ}C$. Even though the effects of citric acid and cysteine as inhibitors on the browning reaction decreased as temperature increased, cysteine was more effective in decreasing browning reaction than citric acid.

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Hydrolysis of Polylactic Acid Fiber by Lipase from Porcine pancreas

  • Lee, So-Hee;Song, Wba-Soon
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제35권6호
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    • pp.670-677
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    • 2011
  • This study is to optimize the enzymatic processing conditions of Polylactic Acid (PLA) fiber using lipase from Porcine pancreas as an environmental technology. Hydrolytic activity dependent on pH, temperature, enzyme concentration, and treatment time, and structural change of PLA fiber were evaluated. The PLA fiber hydrolysis by lipase was maximized at 50% (o.w.f) lipase concentration $50^{\circ}C$ for 120 minutes under pH 8.5. There was a change of the protein absorbance in the treatment solution before and after the lipase treatment. In addition, there was no substantial change in the molecular and crystalline structures of PLA by lipase treatment as confirmed by DSC, XRD, and FT-IR.

담수조류 그물말로부터 당 용액의 효율적 제조를 위한 가수분해 방법 (Hydrolysis Methods for the Efficient Manufacture of Sugar Solutions from the Freshwater Alga Water-net (Hydrodictyon reticulatum))

  • 김지현;김슬기;고은혜;김진철;김진석
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.176-183
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    • 2013
  • 담수조류인 그물말 (Hydrodictyon reticulatum, HR)의 실용적 당화조건 확립을 위해 산 가수분해 방법으로서 one-step acid hydrolysis과 two-step acid hydrolysis, 그리고 산가수분해 후 효소가수분해를 병행하는 combined hydrolysis를 검토하였다. One-step acid hydrolysis의 경우, $120^{\circ}C$에서 HR 4% 고형분을 2% 황산 용액에 넣어 1시간 동안 반응시킬 경우가 적정하였다. Two-step acid hydrolysis의 적정조건은 1차 가수분해시 HR 건조중: 72% 황산을 1 g : 1.5mL로 하여 $60^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 반응시킨 다음, 증류수 23.5 mL를 첨가하고 $120^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 가수분해시키는 것이었다. Combined hydrolysis의 경우, 2% 염산에 25%의 HR 고형분을 넣고 $120^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 반응시킨 후, citrate buffer로 4% 고형분 함량이 되도록 희석하고 E1+E2 효소를 각각 1+0.2 mL g $DM^{-1}$ 수준으로 첨가하여 $50^{\circ}C$에서 1~2일 동안 반응시키는 것이 바람직하였다. Glucose 생성량, 발효억제물질(HMF, furfural) 생성량, 강산 사용제한 등을 종합적으로 감안할 때, combined hydolysis가 보다 유용할 것으로 판단되었다.

Comparison of Ethanol Yield Coefficients Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida lusitaniae, and Kluyveromyces marxianus Adapted to High Concentrations of Galactose with Gracilaria verrucosa as Substrate

  • Park, Yurim;Sunwoo, In Yung;Yang, Jiwon;Jeong, Gwi-Teak;Kim, Sung-Koo
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제30권6호
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    • pp.930-936
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    • 2020
  • The red seaweed Gracilaria verrucosa has been used for the production of bioethanol. Pretreatment for monosaccharide production was carried out with 12% (w/v) G. verrucosa slurry and 500 mM HNO3 at 121℃ for 90 min. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed with a mixture of commercial enzymes (Cellic C-Tec 2 and Celluclast 1.5 L; 16 U/ml) at 50℃ and 150 rpm for 48 h. G. verrucosa was composed of 66.9% carbohydrates. In this study, 61.0 g/L monosaccharides were obtained from 120.0 g dw/l G. verrucosa. The fermentation inhibitors such as hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), levulinic acid, and formic acid were produced during pretreatment. Activated carbon was used to remove HMF. Wild-type and adaptively evolved Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida lusitaniae, and Kluyveromyces marxianus were used for fermentation to evaluate ethanol production.