• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권6C호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2012

오염물질의 거동은 간극 배열과 연결망에 의해 결정되지만 흙에서 오염물질의 이동을 계산하는 전통적인 접근은 거시 스케일에서 적용된다. 나비에-스토크스 방정식을 풀기 위해 소요되는 컴퓨팅 비용 때문에 간극 스케일에서 이동과 결과를 관찰하기 쉽지 않다. 본 논문에서는 단일상 다성분 유체유동에서 국부적인 유속과 밀도를 효과적으로 평가할 수 있는 격자 볼츠만 방법에 대해 설명한다. 오염물질의 시공간적 거동은 유체 유동의 이송에 의해 명시적으로 결정된다. 두 가지 형태의 이상화된 간극은 유체의 경로를 제공한다. 또한 오염물질 이동, 유속장, 오염물질의 평균 농도는 정상상태의 유동에서 계산된다. 굴곡비와 같은 간극 형상은 오염물질 거동의 영향을 준다. 이는 흙이나 암반의 불연속면에서 동일한 간극률를 가져도 간극의 배열과 형상의 중요함을 강조한다.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 다매체 환경모델인 Globe-POP(persistent organic pollutant)을 이용하여, 1930년대부터 대기 중으로 배출된 polychlorinated biphenyl(PCB)의 전 지구적 환경거동에 대해서 살펴보고, 다매체 환경모델의 보완사항을 논의하였다. 각 환경매체의 PCB 축적은 대기 중으로의 배출패턴에 직접적인 영향을 받는 것이 확인되었으며, 이 외에도 환경매체의 면적, 분배계수, 분해율 등에 따라서 결정되었다. 지난 70년 동안 각 기후대의 배출량 분포는 일정하게 유지되었으나, 고위도 환경매체로의 축적량이 시간에 따라 증가하는 저온응축 현상을 확인하였다. 북반구 온대지역은 PCB 배출량과 환경매체로의 축적량에 있어서 가장 중요한 지역으로 평가되었으며, 대부분의 PCB는 토양과 해양으로 축적되는 것으로 예측되었다. 한편, 남극에는 중요한 오염원이 없음에도 불구하고, 매우 낮은 온도로 인해 전 지구적인 오염원 위치와는 크게 상관없이 POPs가 축적되는 것으로 추정되었다. 남극을 포함한 극지와 계절적 강설이 있는 북반구 고위도 지역의 POPs 거동을 신뢰성 있게 파악하기 위하여, 설빙을 포함한 water balance의 작성을 제안하였다. 이와 같이 개선된 다매체 환경모델은 미래의 기후변화에 따른 전 지구적 POPs 거동을 예측하는데 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국자원리싸이클링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2001년도 정기총회 특별강연 및 춘계학술연구발표회(2)
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• pp.109-112
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• 2001

A case study of foodwaste treatment was conducted to compare the impacts of four scenarios: incineration, incineration after biogasification, biogasification followed by composting, and composting. Potential contributions to climate change, acidification, consumption of landfill and human toxicity were assessed. Characterization of human toxicity caused by metals and PCDD/DF was performed by three multimedia fate models. Scenarios with a biogasification process showed lower impact on climate change and human toxicity. The ranking of four scenarios on human toxicity varied depending on the characterization models applied. The steady state models placed high priority on emission of heavy metals to farmland, whereas the dynamic model estimated the emission of PCDD/DF from the incineration process as more significant.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.41-49
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• 1997

We reviewed various oil-spill models and condensed the integrated information into a prediction model, “Green Sea Ranger”which is applicable to Korean coastal area. The developed software consists of pre- and post-modules for environment setup and display of results and main module for the prediction of oil\`s fate. In the pre-module target areas can be selected from the included geographic information system and various environmental and optional numerical data for the prediction can be input through easy GUI or imported from the database we established. For the fate of the spilt oil we included effects of spreading, advection, evaporation, and emulsification. Preliminary numerical experiment has proved that the developed oil-spill prediction system can be easily utilized in on-site oil recovery operations which usually require a quick and reasonable prediction.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.527-533
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• 2006

Tetracycline is one of the mostly used antibiotics around the world. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fate of two different types of tetracycline resistant bacteria in biological wastewater treatment plants. Tetracycline resistant enterics and heterotrophic bacteria were monitored under two different lab-scale experimental conditions. Tetracycline resistant enteric bacteria showed the lower percentages of total enteric bacteria and net specific growth rate in the monitored activated sludge system as compared to tetracycline resistant heterotrophic bacteria. Therefore, total enterics, potentially E.coli, might not be the best indicator microorganism for evaluating the antibiotic resistant bacteria in biological wastewater treatment plant.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2021

This study investigated the fate of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a water reclamation facility (WRF) in Korea. The WRF consists of coagulation, sedimentation, microfiltration, and reverse osmosis (RO) components. The production capacity of WRF is 90,000 m³/day. The reclaimed water is reused as industrial water. We also characterized DOM in raw, processed, and finished waters based on analysis of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UVA₂₅₄), fluorescence excitation emission matrix (FEEM), and DOC fractions via liquid chromatography-organic carbon detection (LC-OCD). Based on the results of DOC, UVA₂₅₄, and FEEM analyses, neither the coagulation/sedimentation nor the microfiltration at the WRF effectively removed DOM. The RO process removed more than 94% of DOM. The raw water (i.e., secondary treated effluent obtained from a wastewater treatment plant) exhibited tryptophan-like peaks, which are a promising marker of wastewater, in the FEEM analysis. Coagulation and microfiltration failed to eliminate the wastewater marker, whereas RO completely removed it. The raw water also carried high levels (89.4%) of hydrophilic and low-molecular weight substances, which are difficult to remove via coagulation-sedimentation or microfiltration. Humic substance was a major component of the hydrophilic fractions. Based on the LC-OCD analysis, RO effectively removed the humic and polymeric materials from DOM.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.31-32
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• 2003

A dynamic multimedia model with 2-dimensional spatial resolution, POPsME (Persistent Organic Pollutants in Multimedia Environments), was evaluated by comparing predicted relative concentrations with those measured. A total of 12 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were tested (phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, chrysene, benz (a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, and indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene). The concentrations were measured in air particulates, water (dissolved phase and suspended solids (ss)), soil, sediment, and leaves of Pinus koraiensis and Prunus serrulata at seven sites in the Seoul and neighboring area (150km x 150km), Korea.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.955-960
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• 2012

신간척지 토양 pH는 7.5 이상의 알카리성 토양으로 요소와 같은 화학비료 처리 시 휘산에 의한 손실이 증가하여 비료효율이 저감된다. 한편 퇴비와 같은 유기태질소를 함유하는 유기질비료를 처리하더라도 토양 내 Nitrosomonas나 Nitrobactor와 같은 미생물상이 미약하여 질산화과정이 미약하여 실질적 유기질비료의 효과를 기대하기 어렵다. 한편 논과 같이 초기부터 담수상태로 시작하는 토양에서는 식물체가 질소원을 양분으로 이용하기 전 탈질화과정을 거치거나 아니면 용탈과정을 통하여 손실이 발생한다. 따라서 토양 pH가 7.5 이상으로 증가함에 따라 요소형태로 토양에 가해진 질소원으로부터 암모니아가스 발생이 급격히 증가되면 실질적 질소질 비료의 이용효율이 저하된다. 따라서 pH7 이상의 간척지 토양에 요소를 질소원으로 처리 시 암모니 움태나 질산태 형태의 가급태 질소원은 매우 적을 것으로 추정된다. 그러므로 담수하에서의 간척지 토양의 산화환원 특성과 토양 pH에 따른 처리 비종과 처리 기술개발이 반드시 필요하다고 판단한다.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.179-202
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• 2013

Bisphenol A and other alkylphenols are widely used in plastic and other industrial consumer products. Release of these compounds into the aquatic environment during their manufacture, use and disposal has been a great scientific and public concern due to their toxicity at high concentrations and endocrine disrupting effects at low concentration on aquatic wildlife and human beings. This paper reviews the published data and researches on the environmental occurrence, distribution, health effects and analytical techniques of bisphenol A and alkylphenols. The aim is to provide an overview of the current understanding about bisphenol A and alkylphenols in the environment and the difficulties faced today in order to establish standard and systematic environmental analysis and assessment process for these endocrine disruptor compounds.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.207-211
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• 2017

It is introduced an outstanding book about an important topic in occupational and environmental sciences i.e., the opportunities and challenges that may be connected with increasing the use and distribution of rare earth elements. These chemically similar elements, comprising the lanthanides, scandium, and yttrium, are involved in a number of essential technological applications, and their effects raise a number of human health issues of relevance to the occupational and environmental sciences. The book that I introduced here, "Rare Earth Elements in Human and Environmental Health; At the Crossroads between Toxicity and Safety" edited by Giovanni Pagano (Pan Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd., Temasek Boulevard, Singapore) represents a break from that situation. It is essential to increase our knowledge about the environmental fate and biological effects of these technologically important metals in order to prevent unforeseen long-term man-made consequences to human health. This book is likely to become an important resource for scientists, engineers, and decision makers who understand the need for sensible exploitation of this resource.