• 한국환경생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생태학회 2007년도 정기총회 및 학술논문발표회
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• pp.176-177
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• 2007

We determined how presence of heterospecific individuals in the vicinity of a focal individual affects the behavior of two critically endangered species of cranes on their wintering grounds at Cheolwon in the Korean Demilitarized Zone(DMZ). The Red-crowned crane, Grus japonensis, is larger than the White-naped crane, Grus vipio, and it dominates the White-naped crane in aggressive interactions. We showed that the dominant species increases foraging activity in the presence of the subordinate species presumably because of scrounging of the food from the subordinate. Because interspecific interactions may affect avian endangerments this behavioral findings should be taken into account when managing winter refuges for the two engendered crane species.

• BMB Reports
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• 제53권10호
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• pp.521-526
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• 2020

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are retrotransposons present in various metazoan genomes and have been implicated in metazoan evolution as well as in nematodes and humans. The long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons contain several regulatory sequences including promoters and enhancers that regulate endogenous gene expression and thereby control organismal development and response to environmental change. ERVs including the LTR retrotransposons constitute 8% of the human genome and less than 0.6% of the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) genome, a nematode genetic model system. To investigate the evolutionarily conserved mechanism behind the transcriptional activity of retrotransposons, we generated a transgenic worm model driving green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression using Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV)-K LTR as a promoter. The promoter activity of HERV-K LTR was robust and fluorescence was observed in various tissues throughout the developmental process. Interestingly, persistent GFP expression was specifically detected in the adult vulva muscle. Using deletion constructs, we found that the region from positions 675 to 868 containing the TATA box was necessary for promoter activity driving gene expression in the vulva. Interestingly, we found that the promoter activity of the LTR was dependent on che-1 transcription factor, a sensory neuron driver, and lin-15b, a negative regulator of RNAi and germline gene expression. These results suggest evolutionary conservation of the LTR retrotransposon activity in transcriptional regulation as well as the possibility of che-1 function in non-neuronal tissues.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2012

This study sought to discover new directions for management and operation national urban parks in Korea by analyzing the reality of the national government parks of Japan where these parks are already well established and managed. In the case of a Japanese national government park, its supporting system was established after the park was built. The means of management also shifted their direction from putting more priority to the administrative body to the residents. The management practices are changing process of its character with focus on residents as the main entity of activity from their existing position of participants. In other words, the national government parks of Japan are going beyond the previous practice of providing maintenance activities to providing experience, interpretation functions to these activities. Especially, they were establishing local networks to plan and execute programs in collaboration with the park management and NPOs. However, they fall short of tangible outcomes despite their continuous efforts to expand the community involvement and reduce the cost in maintenance. To facilitate the effective management of the urban parks in Korea in the near future, much thought needs to go into the management practices ensuring conservation of resources in the land of Korea, as well as people's use of recreation, community revitalization, and development and transfer of advanced technology to provide appropriate preparations to create urban parks in Korea.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.197-208
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• 2019

목조문화재의 생물피해는 보존환경과 밀접한 관계가 있고, 급속한 기후변화로 인해 피해가 가속화될 수 있으므로 문화재 보존을 위해서는 환경 특성을 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 순천 선암사의 조사당을 대상으로 흰개미 피해 현황과 미기상, 중기상, 국지기상의 주요 환경인자 특성을 관찰하였다. 그 결과, 조사당 북서쪽 기둥에서 뚜렷한 육안피해와 흰개미 탐지견 반응이 있었고, 북동쪽 기둥에서 흰개미 탐지반응이 추가되었다. 이 기둥들은 전면에 위치한 기둥보다 표면온도가 낮고 표면 수분량과 함수율이 높은 특징이 있었다. 각 기상의 전체 시간 평균온도는 비슷하였으나 상대습도는 차이가 있었고, 미기상은 70% 이상의 높은 상대습도가 빈번히 나타났다. 특히 조사당 내부에서 흰개미 활동 일수가 가장 많았던 것으로 산출되었다. 통계 분석 결과에서는 F 비를 통해 세 기상 간 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 온도와 상대습도의 t 통계량을 통해 환경인자 간의 차이는 온도보다 습도가 더 크고, 중기상과 국지기상에서는 상대습도 차이가 더 큰 것이 확인되었다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2016

Leaf chlorophyll content provides valuable information about physiological status of plants. However, fewer studies have investigated the difference in chlorophyll concentration in leaves of tropical afforestation tree species. Therefore, this study examines the difference in foliar chlorophyll contents of six tropical afforestation tree species namely: Tectona grandis, Pentaclethra macrophylla, Piptademiastrum africanum, Azadirachta indica, Brachystegia eurycoma and Gmelina arborea found in the relict forest in Umudike, South east, Nigeria. A single factor experiment in a completely randomised design in three replicates was employed to analyse the rate of leaf chlorophyll contents. Fisher's least significant different was used to test for significance in mean difference in foliar chlorophyll contents between tree species at 95% confidence interval using analysis of variance. The results of this study showed a significant difference in foliar chlorophyll concentration between the tree species with Tectona grandis having a higher chlorophyll concentration than other trees this could be as a result of its higher vegetative activity which increases its primary productivity followed by Pentaclethra macrophylla while Azadirachta indica having least the chlorophyll concentration. The study further revealed that other indigenous tree species like Piptademiastrum africanum and Brachystegia eurycoma have higher chlorophyll concentration. Further studies should be carry out to examine factors that have contributed informed the differences in the chlorophyll concentration of these trees species, thus this would broaden the understanding of their physiological status and equally encourage there conservation.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.259-270
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide information to understand the context of the Antarctic Treaty System by looking back on its development process. It also aims to review the roles and activities of the CEP in the System in order to support the improvement of our Antarctic science policy. This study considered the developmental histories of independent conventions for Antarctic conservation and Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty under the system. CEP, established in accordance with the Protocol, has expanded its roles in the ATCM under the circumstances of climate change and increasing human activities in the treaty area. I examined CEP's functions, relationships with formal observers, and its activities along with CCRWP. In addition, I have estimated the contribution of the Parties to the CEP based on the documents submitted by the Parties. The leading Parties of the System have strengthened their initiatives to expand contributions to CEP with their output based on national Antarctic Program. However, Korea has not been able to take initiatives in the System even though Korea has invested considerable resources in its Antarctic program. To strengthen Korea's capability to instigate initiatives in the system, I suggest the following approaches: Firstly, Korea should improve its Antarctic science policy based on the newly established CEP five-year work plan; Secondly, Korea should organize a long-standing expert group to focus on Antarctic environmental policy and related scientific information; finally, Korea should intensify its collaboration with other Parties in developing Antarctic environmental priority issues.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.435-450
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• 2018

Phenological events of four Rhododendron tree species (viz. R. arboreum, R. arboreum ssp. delavayi var. delavayi, R. barbatum and R. kesangiae) was monitored in temperate mixed broad-leaved forests of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Phenological events like flower bud formation, flowering, fruit setting, fruit maturing, seed dispersal, leaf bud formation, leaf flushing, and leaf shedding were recorded. Indices i.e., phenophase sequence index (PSI), active phenophasic period of the species (APS) and index of reproductive/vegetative activity (RVA) were also calculated. Present study revealed that bark consistency, growth form and leaf pattern of the studied species have showed variations among the species. Rhododendron species exhibited the phenological events overlapping with other phenophases. The peak flower bud formation was observed during the winter; R. arboreum ssp. delavayi var. delavayi start flowering from December, while the flowering in rest three species exhibited during February to April. Fruit setting occurred during summer to autumn while fruit maturation revealed peak during November. Leaf bud formation illustrated two peaks in April and May, leaf flushing exhibited peak in June, while leaf shedding peaked during October to November. Active phenophasic period of the species were found 12 months, which revealed that species engage in various phenophase activities throughout the year. Phenophase sequence index ranged between 0.8 to 0.9 (PSI ${\geq}0.6$), signifies that species have a sequential arrangement of phenophases. Index of reproductive/vegetative activity of the species exemplified >1, indicate that the reproductive phenophases were dominance over vegetative phenophases. The study have provided substantial insight on the life cycle events of Rhododendron species and ecological approaches for further scientific study with recent climate change and effective management and conservation.

• 생태와환경
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.395-408
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• 2013

환경상태는 생물이 적합도 (번식성공 또는 생존율)를 극대화하기 위해서 초기생활사의 변화를 초래할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 온도변화와 온도에 따른 수상레저활동 인구변화가 어류의 초기 생활사 특성, 즉 체세포 성장(성장속도), 번식세포 (생식소) 발달 그리고 누적스트레스의 회복과정과 어떠한 관계가 있는지를 동적상태의존모델을 이용하여 분석하였다. 우선 어류의 초기 생활사 특성이 취식행동에 영향을 받는다고 가정하였고, 이러한 관계를 고려하여 어류의 일반 생활사 모델을 개발하였다. 모델은 성장속도와 번식세포(생식소)의 발달이 온도가 상승함에 (단, 성장속도를 감소시키는 임계온도보다는 낮은) 따라 빨라졌으며, 또한 체내에 누적되는 스트레스도 함께 증가하였다. 흥미롭게도 온도가 높을 때에는 수상레저활동 인구의 증가는 성장속도와 생식소의 발달을 느리게 했지만, 스트레스의 누적은 가속화시켰다. 그러나 온도가 낮을 때에는 초기 생활사에 대한 수상레저활동 인구의 영향이 상대적으로 낮았다. 또한 최적취식행동은 높은 온도에서는 수상레저활동 인구의 변화에 관계없이 항상 높았지만, 낮은 온도에서는 수상레저활동 인구가 증가할수록 급격히 감소하였다. 초기성장기간 동안의 생존율은 온도가 낮아지고 수상레저활동 인구가 적을 때에는 취식행동이나 인간 활동에 따른 어류의 사망률 증감이 생존률 변이에 영향을 주었다. 반대로 온도가 높아지고 수상레저활동 인구가 많을 때의 생존율은 취식행동이나 사망률에 관계없이 항상 낮았다. 끝으로 본 연구를 통해 기후변화와 수상레저활동 인구변화와 관련된 어류의 초기 생활사를 수생태계 보전전략이나 건강성 평가분석에 포함시키는 것은 분석의 정확성과 정밀성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 (심설, 1570-1630)묘에서 출토된 유물로부터 발현되는 89종의 휘발성유기화합물 및 냄새물질을 열탈착기와 가스크로마토그래피-질량분석기로써 동정 및 정량분석 하였다. 주요물질로는 alpha-pinene 4,113ppbv, beta-pinene 2,510ppbv, limonene 2,424ppbv로 나타났으며, 그 외 tran-p-menth-2-ene, acetone, isolongifolene, isoborneol 순으로 검출되었다. 가장 높은 농도의 화합물 군은 terpenes 60.5%, 다음으로는 alcohols이 25.8%를 차지하고 있었다. 예상악취강도 역시 terpenes가 35.1%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 다음으로 aldehydes 33.4%, alcohols 8.8%로 나타났다. 방향 및 방충, 항균 효과가 있는 것으로 알려진 terpenes는 내관으로 사용된 적송관(Pinus densiflora)으로부터 비롯된 것이며, aldehydes와 alcohols는 관 내부에 안치된 시신과 적송관 모두에서 비롯되는 것으로 평가되었다. 묘의 발굴 혹은 부장유물에서 발현되는 가스의 분석은 발굴과 보존처리 과정에 참여하는 작업자를 유해가스로부터 보호하는 안전대책을 수립하고, 회곽묘 내부의 미라와 부장유물의 보존효과 규명 및 효과적인 보존처리 방안수립에 대한 과학적인 기초자료를 제시할 수 있다.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2012

Recently, as the environment issue has been stand out, people's interests in energy consumption of the building have been increased as well. Especially, university has been classified as the one of the main causes of excessive energy consumption. Therefore, domestic and foreign universities are trying to build a green campus in an attempt for sustainable development. Since early 2000s, foreign universities have been aware that one of the main causes of global warming is an excessive consumption of energy in universities. Accordingly, they adopted various energy management programs for the conservation. Ultimately, enforcing energy conservation and using alternative energy resulted in lower expense and it was a great help for the universities. On the other hand, excessive consumption of energy in domestic universities has been considered as serious, which led them to become the second main energy consumers in 2010. However, it seems people do not truly recognize the impotance of energy management, therefore, relatively little attention has been paid to this matter. Based on Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design(LEED) rating systems for on-campus building operation and maintenance, this research suggests the evaluation standard to effectively analyze the energy management activity with the best practices conducted in foreign universities and to solve the problem of campus facilities management in domestic universities. The result shows that domestic universities do not have a designated task force for effective energy management and the lack of energy professionals hinders for the long term development. Therefore, domestic universities should recognize the seriousness of the excessive energy consumption and develop low carbon green campus through proactive management practices since this is very essential for domestic universities to get more competitive in this global era.