• Title/Summary/Keyword: environment condition

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Passivity Problem of Micro-Teleoperation Handling a Insignificant Inertial Object.

  • Park, Kyongho;W.K. Chung;Y. Youm
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2001.10a
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    • pp.32.5-32
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    • 2001
  • There has been many teleoperation systems handling the micro object. However, the stability problem for these systems has not been mentioned yet. Historically, Lawrence[1] proposed the Transparency-Optimized Architecture and passivity theorem for stability analysis of bilateral teleoperation. He claimed that unless the task(or environment) impedance contains significance inertial behavior, Passivity condition for Transparency-optimized architecture is not satisfied. In this paper we propose one method which satisfies passivity condition for the micro-teleoperation system handling a insignificant inertial object and is based on the structure of Lawrence and Hashtrudi-Zaad[2] and velocity-force scaling.

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A Development Auto Inspection System for Panel of Motor Body on the Variable Light Environment (가변 조명 환경에서 차체 패널 자동검사시스템 개발)

  • 이용중;신신범;윤진수;김형조;이양범
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2000.10a
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    • pp.106-106
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    • 2000
  • This study is to embody automatic inspection system of motor body panel by visual system. since it is inefficient to examine the adhesion condition of components with the naked eye, picture processing algorithm is presented to replace the existing manual inspection process with an automatic inspection process. The developed automatic inspection system presents the examination method of the adhesion condition of components with a ixed camera, which leads to an increase of the productivity and a reduction of manufacturing cost.

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Effects of light and nutrient on flower formation and vegetative growth of Viola collina

  • Park, Hyekyung;Son, Ga-yeon;Kim, Jae Geun
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.46 no.3
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    • pp.243-249
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    • 2022
  • Background: Mixed breeding herb Viola collina Besser, which produces both chasmogamous and cleistogamous flower, has limited habitats under closed canopy and short and early flowering timing, making it relatively more vulnerable to climate change. To better understand the effect of light and nutrient on the flower formation and vegetative growth of V. collina, a mesocosm experiment was conducted. Two-by-two factorial treatments of two light conditions (100% and 60% of natural light) and two fertilizer treatment conditions (fertilized and not fertilized) were applied in the mesocosm experiment. Results: The number of flowers, including chamogamous and cleistogamous flowers, was highest (5.65/pot) under 60% light and fertilized condition and lowest (1.41/pot) under 100% light and not-fertilized condition. However, above ground vegetative growth was highest (2.89 g/pot) under 100% light and fertilized condition and lowest (2.38 g/pot) under 60% light and not-fertilized condition. Above ground biomass to belowground biomass ratio was highest (1.50) under 60% light and fertilized condition and lowest (1.26) under 100% light and fertilized condition. Conclusions: This study showed that high light and nutrient are responsible for the vegetative growth, though the effect of fertilizer was reduced due to allocation and retainment of nutrients. In addition, the low light is necessary to make flowers, especially chasmogamous flowers.

Drivers' Emotional Change According to Environmental Change in the Automobile (자동차 실내환경변화에 따른 운전자의 감성변화)

  • Lee, Deok-Dong;Baek, Un-Lee;Im, Jeong-Ok;Heo, Jeung-Su;Choe, Nak-Jin;Seo, Ji-Yeong;Kim, Min-Jeong;Hwang, Tae-Jin
    • Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.25-34
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    • 1999
  • The objective of this study is to evaluate the emotional change of a driver according to the change of temperature, humidity, $CO_2$ gas concentration and $C_4H_{10}$ gas concentration in the automobile by electroencephalogram(EEG) spectrum analysis. The experiment was performed in an automobile simulated shielding room with healthy volunteers(age : 18-31, male : 14, female : 7). The subject's emotion at every different condition was indexed 11-point scale(+5 : most pleasant, -5 : least pleasant). The emotion index at each condition resulted in as follows; in temperature $1.00(23.5^{\circ}C)$, $-2.33(30.5^{\circ}C)$, in humidity 1.50(45%), -1.50(65%), in $CO_2$ gas concentration 0.67(500ppm), -0.57(6,000ppm), in $C_4H_{10}$ gas concentration -0.25(0ppm), -2.75(1,200ppm). From EEG spectrum analysis, the average mean power frequency(MPF) value at each different condition was shown as follows; in temperature $5.48(23.5^{\circ}C)$, $4.06(30.5^{\circ}C)$, in humidity 11.03(45%), 3.03(65%), in $CO_2$ gas concentration 7.16(500ppm), 6.38(6,000ppm), in $C_4H_{10}$ gas concentration 10.21(0ppm), 2.87(1,200ppm). When the environment became unpleasant to the subject, all of the obtained MPF values were decreased. It was found that there is close agreement between subjective evaluation by subject's scaling and objective evaluation by EEG spectrum analysis at different environment. These results indicated that the EEG spectrum analysis is a proper method to assess emotional response of a driver in the changing automobile environment.

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Analysis of Designs that Applied Clothing Functionalities Related to Bicycle Riding Conditions of Domestic and Foreign Brands (자전거 주행 상황과 관련된 의류 기능성을 적용한 국내외 브랜드의 디자인 분석)

  • Jeong, Hoonsil;Seo, Yeaji;Kim, Youngin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.65 no.6
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    • pp.36-47
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study is to provide essential information conducive to designing efficient cycling apparel for everyday wear. To this end, this study identified key situations that cyclists face while riding their bicycles as well as clothing functions that are necessary for each situation. Furthermore, this study also analyzed the current trends in cycling apparels and hybrid designs. In order to analyze the current trends of clothing functionality in domestic and foreign cycling apparel brands, the researchers of this study first reviewed existing literature on the functionality of cycling clothing. Then a focus group, which comprised of two experts in cycling fashion brands and fourteen consumers, was formed and in-depth interviews were conducted to identify the major conditions related to bicycle riding. Based on the results of the interview, the study, then, classified 700 images of cycling clothing from exhibitions and 1,541 images of cycling clothing that were launched by domestic and foreign fashion brands. The results of this study were as follows. First, there were three major conditions in bicycle riding: night riding, weather changes and riding convenience. Second, functionalities required for each riding condition were as follows: visibility for night riding, comfort, waterproofness and heat preservation properties for weather changes, and elasticity, protective properties and storage capacity for riding convenience. Finally, hybrid designs for each riding condition were different from general designs.

Late Pleistocene Fluvial Sequence in South Korea

  • Kim, Ju-Yong;Yang, Dong-Yoon;Nahm, Wook-Hyun;Lee, Yung-Jo;Park, Ji-Hoon
    • The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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    • v.18 no.2 s.23
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    • pp.33-42
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    • 2004
  • In South Korea a Pedo-sedimentary Sequence(PS) indicating the Last Glacial Maximun(LGM) is typified y a brown to dark brown, relatively stiff paleosol layers formed by repetitive freezing and thawing processes which in turn left characteristi glossic textures in soil-solum, polygolnal structures with a flagipans, vertical soil wedges or freezing cracks, and horizontal foliations, As a pre-LGM sedimentary sequences (older than 25Ka), the Old Fluvial Sequence(OFS) overlain by the Slope Sedimentary Sequence(SS) are distributed commonly at the base level higher than 14-15m above present river-bed along the major river basin. After the LGM (ca. 18Ka), the Young Fluvial Sequence(YFS) appears at an altitude ascending order of sedimentary profiles. In this fluvial organic muds of Jangheungri site(Jinju), Sorori site(Cheonwon), and Youngsan estruarine rivermouth(Mokpo) were exemplified in order to interpret their formation ages and environments. As result of $^{14}C$ datings, the formation ages of te organic muds are Boelling to Alleroed (MIS-1). These organic muds were fomed in fluvial backswamp or local pond/bog in response to shifting fluvial system. On the basis of palynological production dominant with Abies/Picea-Betula and Ranunculaceae, Compositae, Cyperaceae, and Graminae, it was interpreted that more boreal to subboreal condition was prevailed rather than temperate like today during the formation of organic muds and soil moisture condition was a repetition of wet and dry condition.

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Effects of Soil Environments by Location on the Cambium Electric Resistance of Pinus thunbergii in Urban Park and Open Space (도시공원녹지의 입지별 토양특성이 곰솔의 형성층 전기저항에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Seung-Burm;Nam, Jung-Chil;Kim, Seok-Kyu
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.9 no.6
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    • pp.13-22
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study is to propose rational methods in order to maintain vegetation condition and soil environment based on the analysis of tree growth in relation to the soil environment, which is one of the most significant environmental factors on vegetation condition in urban parks and open spaces. The result of the study can be described as below;The soil on every study site had strong acidity. In particular, study sites around industrial district and central business district showed extreme soil acidity. Therefore, soil management system is needed in urban parks and green spaces around those areas. Among Cambium Electric Resistance classified by locations of urban parks and open spaces, one in the costal area was the lowest. The Cambium Electric Resistance in the industrial area was the highest. Therefore, soil condition and locational environment in the industrial area are highly related to the Cambium Electric Resistance. Among the factors, which affect Cambium Electric Resistance in different locations, inorganic content was found to be the main factor in all of the study sites. Inorganic content was an important factor to the Cambium Electric Resistance in study sites located in industrial and central business districts. In the study sites located in costal area, Soil acidity was found to be other important factors that affect Cambium Electric Resistance. To improve the soil acidity, soil buffering ability should be improved from activating microorganisms in the soil by using lime and organic material, Since it takes a long time to make a change in the soil structure, well planed maintenance system is required by mid-term or long-term plans.

Diagnosis of Collegian's Adaptation Level for Autumn Environment (가을철 온열환경에 대한 대학생의 적응수준 진단)

  • Kim, Yang-Weon
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.12-17
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    • 1999
  • The actual clothing conditions were surveyed to diagnose clothing condition of collegians in the view point of adaptation to the thermal environment in fall. Then, clothing climate, physiological responses, and subjective sensation were investigated through wearing trials on human subjects in climatic chamber based on the results from the survey. Factors to evaluate validity of clothing condition were clothing weight, clothing climate, physiological responses of human body, and subjective sensation. Adaptability of this research to thermal environment was compared to the results of Toda's and Duno's of Japan, Chung's results of Korea rural area, and Winslow's clo value. The standard values for wearing trials were values at comfortable zone, such as $32{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ of temperature and $50{\pm}10%$ of humidity inside clothing, $36.5{\sim}37.3^{\circ}C$ of ear temperature and $32.2{\sim}34.3^{\circ}C$ of mean skin temperature. Clothing weight per body surface area was 680.9 $g/m^2$ in male and 526.7 $g/m^2$ in women. Cold resistance ability of collegians was superior to Japanese and American, and similar to rural male in Korea. According to the examination of clothing adaptability with clothing weight from the investigation on physiological responses and the actual clothing conditions survey, following were found. Temperature inside clothing ($29.8{\sim}32.3^{\circ}C$) was normal, and humidity inside clothing (32.2~54.8%) was at comfortable zone. Mean skin temperature was at its comfortable zone. Therefore, 615 $g/m^2$ in male and 525 $g/m^2$ in female were a desirable wearing condition.

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A Study on a Two-Axis Solar Tracking System Based on Fuzzy Logic Control (퍼지 논리 제어를 기반으로 한 2축 태양광 추적시스템에 관한 연구)

  • Ahn, Byeongwon;Lee, Hui-Bae;Bae, Cherl-O
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.531-537
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    • 2015
  • In order to maximize power output from the solar panels, one needs to keep the panels aligned with the sun. So solar tracker having high reliability must be designed. This paper cares about the design and evaluation of a two-axis solar tracker system based on fuzzy logic control with LabVIEW. The research focus on planning mechanical parts, making an intelligent controller which controls and monitors all parameters via user interface implemented of a fuzzy decision support system for control of photovoltaic panel movement. We also develop a real solar tracker system and analyze the influence indexes such as environment, weather, season, and light condition. The solar tracker is tested in real condition and all parameters related to the system operation are recorded and analyzed. The developed solar tracking system got a much higher efficiency about 38 % compare to fixed solar panel although the weather condition is affected a lot to the solar panel. So we confirmed the our auto tracking system is more effective and can allow more energy to be produced.

The effect of acupuncture treated by tonification and sedation manipulation at LI4 and KI7 on lacking of sweating in cold environment(I) (합곡(合谷) 복류(復溜) 보사(補瀉) 시술(施術)이 소한(少汗)에 미치는 영향(影響)(I))

  • Choi, Chan-Hun;Youn, Dae-Hwan;Kim, Young-Sun;Song, Min-Sun;Na, Chang-Su
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.23-38
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of the tonification & sedation manipulation for LI4 and KI7 on lacking of sweating in cold environment. Methods: The participants were divided into 3 groups as intact group without acupuncture, acupuncture group inserting and twisting with LI4 tonificaton and KI7 sedation method(LI4-tonify KI7-purge) and acupuncture group inserting and twisting with LI4 sedation and KI7 tonificaton method(LI4-purge KI7-tonify). We obtained baseline data at cold condition with the temperature $14{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. After making the participant staying in cold condition for 10 minute, we measured sweating rate in skin surface, body temperature, oxygen saturation, pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, deoxy-Hb and oxy-Hb in subcutaneous. Results : After acupuncture in cold environment, the sweating rate in skin surface significantly decreased in KI7-purge LI4-tonify group comparing the intact groups. The body temperature significantly increased in LI4-tonify KI7-purge and LI4-purge KI7-tonify groups comparing the intact group. The oxygen saturation significantly increased in LI4-tonify KI7-purge group comparing the intact group. Conclusions : These findings indicated that LI4 tonificaton and KI7 sedation method(LI4-tonify KI7-purge) could be effective for production of sweating in cold condition.

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