• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.579-579
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• 2015

최근의 환경부의 환경관리정책은 기존의 BOD나 COD로 대표되는 이화학적인 분석으로 수질항목을 측정 분석하여 환경규제로 활용되고 있는 상황에서 환경용량 기반의 수용체 중심의 통합관리방안을 추가하여 규제하는 방법으로 이루어지고 있다. 또한 수질관리부분에서도 2006년 "물환경관리 기본계획('06-'09)"을 수립하여, 생태적으로 건강하고 유해물질로부터 안전한 물환경조성 목표하에 오염원 중심에서 수용체 중심 즉, 통합적인 수질관리 방향으로 추진되고 있다. 하지만 하 폐수에 함유된 모든 유해화학물질에 대하여 배출허용기준을 설정하는 것이 현실적으로 불가능하기 때문에 환경부에서는 "생태독성 통합관리제도(WET : Whole Effluent Toxicity)"를 도입, 2007년 상기법의 시행규칙 개정을 통하여 배출허용기준에 생태독성기준을 추가하여 관리하고 있다. 생태독성을 평가하는 생물군에는 박테리아, 조류, 물벼룩, 어류 등 다양한 생물종이 있으며 국내에는 물벼룩을 이용하여 TU라는 생태독성단위를 이용하여 규제 및 관리를 시행하고 있으나 단일 생물종으로만 관리할 경우 생물의 내성 및 특정 유해물질에만 반응하는 특성을 지니고 있어 여러 가지 복합적인 화합물에 적용하기 위해서는 복수종에 대한 관리 및 규제가 필요한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 반달말(조류)를 이용한 WEMS(Water Enviroment Monitoring System)를 이용하여 하천 호소 및 정수장, 하 폐수처리장등 다양한 현장에 적용하여 화학물질군에 대한 독성의 특성을 파악과 더불어 통계학적 처리를 이용하여 수질관리에 대한 방법을 제시하고 과학적이고 현장 특성에 맞는 경보 수준을 통해 수생태관리에 관리에 기여 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.53-62
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• 2020

This paper proposes on the implementation method of depth of field effect based on backward mapping method available in real-time rendering enviroment using calculation of sampling range based on standard normal distribution and alpha blending of color of layers. To implement the effect, this paper describe how to calculate radius of circle of confusion, establish sampling radius using circle of confusion, and determine color through alpha blending of the multiple layer and denoising.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.147-152
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• 2022

This study describes the design and implementation of EGSE for Dehop/Rehop Transponder. The EGSE is a equipment that evaluates Dehop/Rehop Transponder and requires precise and accurate measurement. EGSE consists of a PLDIU and IIU(Instrument Interface Unit), Up/Down converter for L band, Modems to verify the Dehop/Rehop Transponder. The EGSE was used for performance verification and space environment test such as thermal vacuum after developing Dehop/Rehop Transponder.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2024

Human stampedes were a major hazard that could occur during mass gatherings, but they have received limited attention in korea. However, after the 10.29 Itaewon disaster, this atmosphere has turned around. The cause of such an accident and how to prevent it should be considered. The main aim of this study is to identify the reason why did the accident happen at that time, the root cause, and the triggering cause with Delphi-AHP survey method. In addition, various preventive measures were investigated by experts to prevent accidents similar to 10.29 Itaewon disaster. Problems and solutions were presented by collecting expert opinions on the causes and preventive measures of the 10.29 Itaewon disaster. However, the opinion of the experienced peoples who experienced the risk at the Itaewon was not included, so further investigation is considered necessary.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.64-71
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• 2009

TETRA system has been developed focusing on the supporting high-speed and high-capacity data transfer and improving the wireless technology. Hence, TETRA over IP technology became the important basis for supporting compability with various network wireless technologies and high-speed data transfer technologies. For advancing the current TETRA system based on IPv4 network, introduction of IPv6 protocol is necessary. In this paper, we propose an optimized scheme to support IP mobility to IPv6 node when IPv6 protocol is applied to the enviroment ingreated WLAN and TETRA networks. We proposed two scheme using MIPv6 protocol and HMIPv6 protocol respectively. Then, we evaluate performance of the proposed schemes and anlayze the results in order to derive the optimized scheme for the environment integrated WLAN and TETRA networks.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.265-276
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• 2014

This study observes innovation demand in design education according to IT environment in change, and explores reasonable directivity of design education according to fluctuations in media and technologies by presenting academic possibility of interactive design field and its education paradigms for universities. In order to achieve highly added values through interactive design complying with social demand, accompanying researches and academic frames are to be prepared, in particular with independent academic domain frame in universities, this study presents an educational directivity by recognizing important establishments of related curriculum that must be proceeded. This study has made a contribution in addressing the necessity of establishment of individual academic domain for interactive design and also setting up the domain of interactive design. It has been concluded that technological understanding beyond conventional design education, management of complex issues in consideration, and methodology of differentiated education in corresponding to the situation needed as well as typical educations of conventional technologies should be provided for satisfying innovation demand in the domain of interactive design.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.11-27
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• 2004

The study was carried out to investigate the flora and community classification of forest vegetation in Mt. Godae from March to October, 2003. As a result of that, the vascular plants were 94 families, 299 genera, 481 species, 1 subspecies, 66 varieties, 4 formae, 1 hybrid, 553 taxa in alL korean endemic plants were 8 families, 11 genera, 13 species, 13 taxa in all: rare or endangered plants were 12 families, 15 genera, 15 species, 15 taxa in all: naturalized plants were 9 families, 15 genera, 17 species, 17 taxa in all. The forest vegetation was classified into 1 order, 1 alliance, 3 communities; Rhododendro - Quercetalia mongolicae (Kim 1990) Lindero - Quercion mongolicae (Kim 1990) A. Fraxinus rhynchophylla - Quercus mongolica Community B. Quercus variabilis - Quercus mongolica Community C. Acer pseudo-sieboldianum - Quercus mongolica Community.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.08a
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• pp.141-141
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• 2012

The electronic and optical properties of Indium Zinc Tin Oxide (IZTO) thin films using gas environment were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS). REELS spectra revealed that the band gaps of IZTO thin films are 3.26, 3.07, and 3.46 eV for water mixed with oxygen, argon mixed with oxygen, and air environments, respectively. The measured band gaps by REELS are consistent with the optical band gaps obtained by UV-Spectrometer. The optical properties represented by the dielectric function $\mathfrak{m}$, the refractive index n, the extinction coefficient k, and the transmission coefficient T of the IZTO thin films with different gas environments were determined from a quantitative analysis of REELS spectra. The calculated transmission from quantitative analysis of REELS spectra shows good agreement with transmission measured by UV-spectrometer. The transmission values of 89% and low electrical resistivity of $3.55{\times}10^{-3}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ have been achieved for argon mixed with oxygen which indicates that the gas enviroment plays an important role in improving the electronic and optical properties of films.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.88-94
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• 1999

This paper describes the high efficiency inverter ballast circuit using very cheap microprocessor, which has been developed by the author. A variety of soft-switching techniques have been proposed to reduce the switching losses and EMI publems that accur with higher switching frequencies in switched inverter ballast 1be inverter ballast circuit, which employs a temperature sensing circuits has been also proposed to improve starting performance of the fluorescent lamps. That is, the inverter ballast circuit, which employs a soft-starting circuits and soft-switching techniques to implement the power factoc correcticn and to mitigate of power-loss and iocrease a life time of the fluorescent lamps, has become an attractive performance forballasting the fluorescent lamps. In this paper, the operation and the control of the inverter ballast are described in detail and experimental results are presented. As the experimental results, when enviroment temperatture is at TEX>$-40^{\circ}C$, the inverter ballast circuit has low THD(4.8%) of the input current and large power factor(98%) of the lamp current. The proposed improved ballast circuit awears to be a good performance for ballasting fluorescent lamps. lamps.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.127-133
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• 2016

This study is performed that furniture and interior materials of MDF's (Medium Density Fiberboard) biodegradation properties, and the goal of this study is investigation of possibility of waste-MDF's composting after landfilling. To investigate biodegradation, this study was performed according to KS M ISO 14855-1, and there were two different soil conditions including a compost condition and an activated vermiculite condition as artificial soil. This experiment was tested for 40 days. The measurement of carbon-dioxide generation was processed every 24 hour in 1-2 week, and every 48 hour after 3 week. In the same days, MDF showed 24.4% of biodegradation in compost condition, and 6.2% in activated vermiculite. Also, the reference material of TLC (thin-layer chromatography) grade cellulose showed 26.4%, 11.4% in compost and activated vermiculite respectively. The dilution plate method was performed for biological analysis in the study. This experiment was used for investigation of inoculum's (Bacillus licheniformis) activity. As the result of bioassay, compost has more other germs include inoculum than activated vermiculite in the first week. Especially in the 2nd week, the reference material under the compost condition showed the most germ's activity, and also the biodegradation was the highest. Consequentially, compost condition was able to reduce a performing period of biodegradation testing than activated vermiculite. However, activated vermiculite could be stabilizing errors between repetition.