• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.69-81
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• 2020

This study is to identify the effect of seniors in their 40s and 50s on their entrepreneurial intentions through attitude on entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control by utilizing the integrated model of the theory of planned behavior and self-determination theory. Also, in this process, we tried to analyze moderating effect of entrepreneurship education for seniors. An online survey was conducted for seniors in their 40s and 50s living in Seoul and Gyeonggi province, out of the total 284 questionnaire responses, 243 valid questionnaires were used in the study. Research analysis utilized SPSS 24, AMOS 23 structural equation model and Professor Hayes' Process 3.4 to analyze moderating effect. The results of the study were summarized as follows. First, autonomous motivation had a positive influence on attitude toward entrepreneurship, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. But controlled motivation didn't have the significant influence on attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Second, attitude toward entrepreneurship, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control had positive influence on entrepreneurship intention. Third, as a result of analyzing moderating effect of entrepreneurship education for seniors, the significant moderating effect was verified between attitude and entrepreneurship intention. Also the significant moderating effect was verified between subjective norms and entrepreneurship intention. On the other hand, no significant moderating effect was proved between perceived behavioral control and entrepreneurship intention. The implication of this study is that for retired seniors planning to enter into entrepreneurship, the result can contribute to the development of a entrepreneurship support program that can increase new startup creation, survival and sucess by diagnosing autonomous and controlled motivation for entrepreneurship. In addition, by providing entrepreneurship education as well as re-employment training in the senior outplacement program, the study can contribute to widening the opportunities for seniors to second career after retirement.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.219-232
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• 2022

Empirical studies on entrepreneurial intentions have been conducted from various perspectives over the past few decades. The unemployment rate has increased as the global economy stagnates in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, and entrepreneurship is emerging as an alternative to job creation. Although numerous antecedent variables have positive effects on entrepreneurial intention, this study focuses on entrepreneurial self-efficacy as an individual factor and the entrepreneur's family background as an environmental factor. This study analyzed the survey results of 300 global respondents through the online survey platform Prolific. The respondents were screened by asking a question about having had entrepreneurial education. Since the effects of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention have been proved in numerous domestic studies, this study aims to generalize these results by investigating global samples. The moderated mediation analysis was performed using PROCESS to verify the research hypotheses. This research investigated the effect of entrepreneurial knowledge acquisition on entrepreneurial intention via entrepreneurial self-efficacy and the moderated mediation effect of the family background of entrepreneurs. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, acquisition of entrepreneurial knowledge had a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention. Second, entrepreneurial self-efficacy mediated the relationship between entrepreneurship knowledge acquisition and entrepreneurial intention. Third, the entrepreneurship family background moderated this relationship. Specifically, when the family entrepreneurship background is strong (vs. weak), the positive effect of entrepreneurial knowledge acquisition on entrepreneurial intention via entrepreneurial self-efficacy significantly increased. The implications of this study are as follows. First, in the process of preparing for a own business, entrepreneurial education is a necessary condition to improve the entrepreneurial intention. Second, the higher the level of acquisition of entrepreneurial knowledge, the more positive attitudes toward entrepreneurial intention can be induced. Third, strong family background of entrepreneurship further promotes entrepreneurship intention by increasing entrepreneurial self-efficacy. In conclusion, in order to revitalize entrepreneurship, it is important to provide various entrepreneurial education programs. These educational programs will be able to improve entrepreneurial self-efficacy by providing more opportunities for students to acquire entrepreneurial knowledge, and thereby promote entrepreneurial intention. In addition, it is important to develop and provide advanced educational curriculum for those who have start-up business experiences in their families.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2013

In spite of the interest related to the entrepreneurship, the problems related to the creation of companies by the public civils servant still remain unanswered and not unanimously identified. In fact, a central question arises in this respect: "which are the factors which encourage the public civils servant to launch out in the creation of their own company?" or "how can one explain the entrepreneurial intention of the public civils servant?". For this end, and after having reviewed the principal subjacent factors of the entrepreneurial intention as well as the central assumptions of our research task, we will devote the second part to the empirical validation of the explanatory factors of the entrepreneurial intention in the specific case of the Indian public civils servant while proposing some recommendations on the matter.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.49-57
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of entrepreneurship education on the relationship between career decision self-efficacy and career preparation behavior and entrepreneurial career intention. Empirical study was conducted using survey questionnaires for university students and analyzed employing structural equation modelling techniques. The result of this study showed that career decision self-efficacy was positively related to entrepreneurial career intention on entrepreneurship education group. and the impact career decision self-efficacy on the career preparation behavior showed a positive effect on both groups whether entrepreneurship education group. and Career Preparation Behavior influence on the degree of entrepreneurial experience were more positive impact on entrepreneurship education groups. The mediating effect of career preparation behavior was significant on the relationship between tie strength of career decision self-efficacy and entrepreneurial career intention. the theoretical and practical implications of the findings were discussed and the directions for future research were suggested.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.95-104
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• 2019

Fear to start-up failures has been known to have a negative impact on entrepreneurial intention. This is one of the reasons why the government adopts a policy to help university students overcome their fear of start-ups. Setting educational goals to foster innovative and progressive entrepreneurs, universities have been conducting entrepreneurship education, but it is hard to say that constructive results have been achieved so far. Rather than adopting the practice of optional entrepreneurship education, there is a need to have all university freshmen mandatorily take the course of entrepreneurship education. This study aims to uncover the impact of more aggressive entrepreneurship education position in the university by analyzing empirical data. The relationship between an entrepreneurship level and entrepreneurial intention was tested, and start-up fear was also considered. In the research model, self-leadership and self-efficacy were included as regressors to entrepreneurship levels. Especially, this study tested moderate effects of start-up community during the course. The results from the sample of 2,500 freshmen indicate that entrepreneurship level is significantly improved by taking the course; however, fear to start-up failures remains still. In addition, empirical findings show that putting start-up communities in the entrepreneurship education helps students by moderating self-leadership and self-efficacy. This study extends our knowledge of entrepreneurship education in university by analyzing university freshmen data empirically.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.477-487
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the entrepreneurship of undergraduate students and the entrepreneurial intention focused on the mediating effect of the motivation for participating in the start-up idea contest. The results of the study were as followed; First, it was found that the factors of innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking in the entrepreneurship had significant influence on the entrepreneurial intention. Second, the effect of the factors between the innovativeness in the entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurial intention was significant influence by mediating effect of the motivation for participating in the start-up idea contest. Last, the factors of financial reward, career reward of the motivation were not effected by entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intention. Based on these findings, students with high entrepreneurship have high entrepreneurial intention. And students were intended to feel a sense of achievement through challenging than getting financial rewards and career rewards. Therefore, it was shown that in order to encourage undergraduate's establish of a new business, the environment to develop innovative ideas and inspiring the confidence of participating in the start-up contest are needed to be invigorated.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.17-25
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• 2016

This research paper aims to provide valuable data to the policy makers in establishing business activation plan through improving university students'entrepreneurial intention by carrying out international comparison research regarding the social environmental factors that influences entrepreneurial intention. There have been multiple researches on personal traits that affect entrepreneurial intention in the past, but this paper examines the social environmental factors that impact entrepreneurial intention. The result of this study is as follows. First, university's assistive activity for entrepreneurship, successful entrepreneurial role model, and business market scale has positive effect on entrepreneurial intention, while government assistive policies for entrepreneurship has no direct effect on entrepreneurial intention. Second, there were some differences of entrepreneurial intention in demographic characteristics. The mean of entrepreneurial intention was highest in Chinese students. Students who have ever started their own business were highest in total mean comparison of entrepreneurial intention. Also entrepreneurial intention mean was higher in men generally. Beside, discussion is made on the implication of the study, the limitations of the study, and some directions for future studies.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.113-123
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• 2020

There are common features among successful entrepreneurs without regarding to the stages of startup like challenge, growth, leap and maturity stages. We know that the successful entrepreneurs have strong entrepreneurship and interpersonal competency through many experiences in the real field of startup ecosystem. Entrepreneurship has a positive effect on intention to start a business, and the importance of entrepreneurship in business startups has been found through many studies. In addition, in most curriculum of startup, entrepreneurship education is operated like an introduction to the startup education. However, in research on entrepreneurship and education on entrepreneurship, it is not easy to find other factors related to interpersonal competence except for leadership. In this study, we redefined relation-building competences in consideration of relation-building parts such as self-openness, affinity, communication, empathy and consideration among various competencies of interpersonal relations, and analyzed the difference of startup intention according to the degree of relation-building competences. As a result, there was a significant difference in the degree of relation-building competences between the group of start-up entrepreneurs and the group with no intention of starting a business. It was proved that the relation-building competences is important for entrepreneurs. Therefore, in addition to studying entrepreneurship, which is represented by conductivity, innovation, autonomy, and risk sensitivity, the studying of relationship-building competences should be continued. It is expected that various research results analyzing the relationship between startups and relationship-building competences will be reflected in entrepreneurship education.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.191-197
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• 2018

The purpose of the study is to identify social entrepreneurship intentions among university students in Uzbekistan focusing on the Tashkent State University of Economics(TSEU) as a study area. A 47 item questionnaire was distributed to 371 students of TSUE students in Uzbekistan by using convenience sample method. From a total of the 371 respondents, 278 (74.93%) were male, 93 (25.07%) were females and the average age of the respondents was approximately 22 years. The result indicates that the model in this study accounts for 67,7% of the variance in interpreting the social entrepreneurship intention. This study makes a contribution to the social entrepreneurship research area by including factors such as risk taking propensity, internal locus of control, moral obligation, self-efficacy and empathy as antecedents of the theory of planned behavior that also explains social entrepreneurial intention formation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.493-507
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to re-verify the importance of opportunity recognition as a mediating factor and add the entrepreneurial self-efficacy, which is recognized as another key factor that triggers start-up activities with the entrepreneurial intention, as a dependent variable. For this reason, in this study, 373 university students in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do Province, Inchon, were surveyed and analyzed empirically. The results of the study was as follows. First, the entrepreneurship partially affects the entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention. Second, the mediating effect of opportunity recognition between the entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and between entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intention was verified.