• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.18.1-18.13
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• 2021

TLR signaling is critical for broad scale immune recognition of pathogens and/or danger molecules. TLRs are particularly important for the activation and the maturation of cells comprising the innate immune response. In recent years it has become apparent that several different TLRs regulate the function of lymphocytes as well, albeit to a lesser degree compared to innate immunity. TLR2 heterodimerizes with either TLR1 or TLR6 to broadly recognize bacterial lipopeptides as well as several danger-associated molecular patterns. In general, TLR2 signaling promotes immune cell activation leading to tissue inflammation, which is advantageous for combating an infection. Conversely, inappropriate or dysfunctional TLR2 signaling leading to an overactive inflammatory response could be detrimental during sterile inflammation and autoimmune disease. This review will highlight and discuss recent research advances linking TLR2 engagement to autoimmune inflammation.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-5
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• 2024

This study aims to investigate the impact of character collaboration product characteristics on brand awareness and purchase intention within the food and beverage (F&B) industry, with a special focus on Generation MZ's growing interest in such products. The methodology involves a comprehensive review of existing literature on character marketing, brand awareness, and consumer purchase intention, supplemented by case studies of successful character collaborations in the F&B sector. The findings reveal that character collaborations significantly impact brand awareness and purchase intentions, particularly among younger consumers like Generation MZ. These collaborations not only rekindle nostalgia but also introduce new and exciting consumer experiences, effectively attracting a wide demographic. The success of character-themed products, from Pokémon bread to Coca-Cola's League of Legends collaboration, underscores the strategy's effectiveness in boosting brand recognition and consumer engagement. The implications of this research are manifold for the F&B industry. Firstly, it highlights the importance of leveraging popular characters to forge emotional connections with consumers. Secondly, it suggests that product development should closely align with consumer preferences and market trends to maximize appeal. Lastly, it positions character collaboration as a strategic marketing tool that not only enhances product sales but also strengthens brand loyalty and facilitates sustained brand growth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.74-85
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• 2020

Smart phone zombie or Smombie means pedestrians who walk without attention to their surroundings because they are focused upon their smart phone. Because the traffic accidents and injuries caused by Smombie have been increased rapidly in recent years, the social attention and policies are needed to prevent it. This study was conducted to analyze Smombie's current status and some solutions used before and to propose new improved method through the latest ICT trend. In this study, we did the field survey to check Smombies at several places in Seoul through people counting, and found that a lot of pedestrians still use the smart phone while walking. And we analyzed many case studies about some solutions to prevent Smombies previously. The case studies include legal regulations, government policies, smart phone app services and facilities that are used before. We studied them through internet searches and reference studies and we also checked the current operating situation as visiting several places that the solutions actually has been operated. Therefore, we found there are some limitations in previous solutions in terms of effectiveness and management. To consider new solution that can be expected to overcome the limitations, we analyzed the latest ICT trends focused on features to utilize the Smombie prevention, especially video recognition and digital signage. In these days, video recognition has been developed rapidly with assistance of AI technology and it can recognize the specific pedestrian's characteristics such as holding smart phone as well as hair style, clothes, backpack and etc. On the other hands, the digital signage is the convergence device that includes big display, network connection and various IoT sensors. It can be used as public media in many places for public services as well as advertising. Through these analysis results, we show the requirements and the user scenario for the improved method to prevent Smombie. Finally, we propose to develop R&D technology to recognize Smombie exactly as pedestrian attributes and to spread creative contents to increase pedestrian's interest and engagement for Smombie prevention through digital signage.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.221-242
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• 2012

The rising value of software developers has made corporations, including IT companies, to focus on recruitment of software developers. However, the domestic software industry, where SMEs represents quite a large proportion of the industry, is facing problems of low rate of human resources and high rate of job turnover. These problems have not been solved until today. This study hypothesizes that software developer's job satisfaction has an effect on organizational engagement and intention to job transfer. The purpose of this study is to provide implications on desirable human resources management and work environment, that lowers intentions to job transfer by elevating job satisfaction of the software developers. The results of the study reveal that among job satisfaction factors, recognition, autonomy, work-life balance, work environment have significant effects on fob satisfaction. Also, the software developer's job satisfaction elevates organizational engagement and lowers intention to job transfer. In addition, job satisfaction is has partly has mediating effect between job satisfaction and intention to job transfer. Several practical implications are discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.9-20
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• 2014

As studies on welfare systems for military families were only focused and limited on improvements of welfare facilities and military apartments, or psycho-therapies for families living apart, the supporting policies and efforts on creating jobs for military families(spouses) were insufficient till now. The best welfare for military spouses is the active well-being through the provision of employment opportunities, rather than providing certain rewards. Especially, South Korea should boost national competitiveness through increasing the engagement rate of women's economic activities. To expand these kinds of employment chances, actual plans to overcome the factors that restrict job opportunities for the families living apart, moving frequently, or living in rural areas should be urged. Accordingly, there should be a change of recognition toward military welfare service, enactment of applying discharged soldier's expanded employment programs for military spouses, cooperation with municipal governments and relevant institutions for creating jobs, and provision of promising job openings in association with a military reform. To achieve these, the cooperation of the government agencies, municipal governments, and military units are being emphasized.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.185-197
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to propose office healthcare UX scenarios using gamification techniques. Today, there is increased recognition of office workers' health, and gamification can be a great method to enhance their health. To design effective healthcare service for office workers, first, two levels of gamification design were identified―interface design level and gameplay experience design level. Second, office workers' health problems resulting from office work were collected from their blogs and 13 insights were derived by analyzing the collected data. Finally, 2 UX scenario implementing gamification in the workplace was proposed to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors for office workers.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.19
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• pp.8135-8142
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• 2014

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Iranian women and usually features delayed presentation and late diagnosis. Interpretation of symptoms, as the most important step, has a significant impact on patient delay in seeking treatment. There is a dearth of studies on symptom appraisal and the process leading to seeking help in breast cancer patients. This study explored the perceptions and experiences of Iranian women with self-detected possible breast cancer symptoms. Materials and Methods: A qualitative method was conducted involving in-depth semi-structured interviews with 27 Iranian women with self-discovered breast cancer symptoms. Participants were purposefully selected from women who attended Cancer Institute of Tehran University of Medical Sciences during June 2012 to August 2013. The audiotaped interviews were transcribed and analyzed using conventional content analysis with MAXQDA soft ware version 10. The trustworthiness of the study was verified by prolonged engagement, member validation of codes, and thick description. Results: The main concepts emerging from data analysis were categorized in four categories: symptom recognition, labeling of symptoms, interactive understanding, and confronting the fear of cancer. Symptom recognition through breast self-examination, symptom monitoring and employing prior knowledge distinguished normal from abnormal symptoms and accompanied with perception of being at risk of breast cancer led to symptom labeling. Social interaction by selective disclosure and receiving reassurance from a consultant led to confirmation or redefinition of the situation. Perceived seriousness of the situation and social meanings of breast cancer as a stigmatized and incurable illness associated with loss of femininity were reasons for patient worries and fear. Conclusions: This study emphasized that entangled cognitive, emotional and socio-cultural responses affecting understanding of symptom seriousness require further investigation. It is suggested that programs aimed at shortening patient delay in breast cancer should be focused on improving women's knowledge and self-awareness of breast cancer, in addition to correcting their social beliefs.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.51-61
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to compare voice characteristics and voice-related quality of life (K-VRQOL) of the elderly female choir members using perceptual-auditory voice quality evaluation (GRBAS) and K-VRQOL scales. The participants were 77 women over 60 years old who were actively engaged in the choir in either Seoul or Busan. There are two kinds of choirs that indicate different engagement levels: regular choir and church choir. The perceptual-auditory vocal quality evaluation was listened to by / a / vowels and were graded by experts using the GRBAS scale. As a result, when comparing the differences between groups, the elderly female participants of the regular choir showed higher satisfaction in speech using the subjective speech recognition level than the elderly female members who performed in the church choir. In addition, the analysis showed that the satisfaction level was high in the physical function area of the K-VRQOL scale. This study confirmed that choral activities could yield positive results not only in terms of improving voice function in old age, but also to improve the subjective perception level of voice use, thus suggesting the necessity of systematic music programs to improve voices that are aging.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.5C
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• pp.355-364
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• 2012

Target processing mechanisms are necessary to collect target information, real-time data fusion, and tactical environment recognition for cooperative engagement ability. Among these mechanisms, the target tracking starts from predicting state of speed, acceleration, and location by using sensors' measurements. However, it can be a problem to give the reliability because the measurements have a certain uncertainty. Thus, a technique which uses multiple sensors is needed to detect the target and increase the reliability. Also, data fusion technique is necessary to process the data which is provided from heterogeneous sensors for target tracking. In this paper, a target tracking algorithm is proposed based on probabilistic data association(PDA) by fusing radar and ESM sensor measurements. The radar sensor's azimuth and range measurements and the ESM sensor's bearing-only measurement are associated by the measurement fusion method. After gating associated measurements, state estimation of the target is performed by PDA filter. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm provides improved estimation under linear and circular target motions.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.53-64
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• 2024

ESG management has garnered significant recognition as a crucial concern across all global industries. Within the logistics sector, there is a growing awareness of the importance of ESG management. However, active engagement in ESG practices remains predominantly confined to large corporations, leaving small and medium-sized logistics companies lagging in their comprehension and implementation of ESG principles. Previous studies have consistently underscored the necessity of establishing ESG management guidelines. Furthermore, there has been a call to determine the relative weights assigned to various ESG implementation evaluation criteria, taking into account the distinctive attributes of each category of logistics company. This study endeavors to ascertain the weightings of ESG implementation evaluation items for different types of logistics companies by employing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology. The framework of evaluation is based on the evaluation items outlined in prior research, particularly focusing on ESG management guidelines tailored for small and medium-sized logistics companies. The findings of the analysis reveal distinct prioritizations across different sectors within the logistics industry. For maritime logistics companies, the environment emerges as the foremost concern, followed by society, information disclosure, and governance. Conversely, land transportation companies prioritize society, followed by governance, environment, and information disclosure. In the warehousing sector, environment takes precedence, followed by society, information disclosure, and governance. Comprehensive logistics firms, on the other hand, prioritize the environment, followed by information disclosure, society, and governance. Such guidelines are pertinent for regulatory bodies and industry stakeholders seeking to assess ESG practices within these enterprises. Moreover, this research contributes to the body of knowledge available to domestic small and medium-sized logistics companies, aiding them in effectively navigating and implementing ESG management principles.