• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.6_3
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• pp.1635-1641
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• 2020

Air pollution is one of the most severe threats to society globally due to the rapid expansion of urbanization and industrialization. Particularly, particulate matter (PM) pollution was recently designated as a social disaster by the Korean government because of increases in public concerns and the accumulation of scientific evidence that links high levels of PM2.5 (PM smaller than 2.5 ㎛ in diameter) to a long list of adverse health effects. Atmospheric PM concentrations can also affect the indoor PM levels to which people are exposed most of the time. Thus, understanding the characteristics of indoor and ambient PM pollution based on measurements, model simulations, risk assessments, and management technologies is inevitable in establishing effective policies to mitigate social, economic, and health costs incurred by PM pollution. In this special issue, we introduce several interesting studies concerning indoor and outdoor PM from the perspective of monitoring, assessment, and management being conducted by i-SEED (School of Integrated Science for Sustainable Earth & Environmental Disaster at Pukyong National University) and SPMC (School Particulate Matter Center for Energy and Environmental Harmonization). We expect that this special issue can improve our understanding of the current and future of indoor and outdoor PM pollution, integrating the results from interdisciplinary research groups from various academic fields.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.247-252
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• 2009

The present study was to investigate the nutritional status and factors related to malnutrition in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) in South Korea. Subjects were ESRD outpatients from general hospitals or HD centers in Seoul referred to the dialysis clinic for maintenance HD care. A total of 110 patients (46 men and 64 women; mean ages $58.6{\pm}1.0y$) were eligible for this study. The family history of chronic renal failure (CRF) was considered positive if a patient reported having either a first-degree or second-degree relative with CRF. Malnutrition was defined as a triceps skinfold thickness or mid-ann muscle circumference below the fifth percentile for age and sex and forty-seven of the 110 patients were malnourished. Almost all (94%) patients had anemia (hemoglobin: <13 g/dL for men and <12 g/dL for women). Energy intake was below the recommended intake levels of energy [30-35 kcal/kg ideal body weight (IBW)] and protein (1.2 g/kg IBW) in 60% of patients. The duration of HD was longer in malnourished HD patients (P=0.0095). Malnutrition was more prevalent in women (P=0.0014), those who never smoked (P=0.0007), nondiabetic patients (P=0.0113), and patients with bone diseases (P=0.0427), adequate HD (spKt/$V{\geq}1.2$) (P=0.0178), and those with a family history of CRF (P=0.0255). Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between malnutrition and potential risk factors. After adjusting for age, sex, and other putative risk factors for malnutrition, the OR for malnutrition was greater in HD patients with a family history of CRF (OR, 3.290; 95% CI, $1.003{sim}10.793$). Active nutrition monitoring is needed to improve the nutritional status of HD patients. A family history of CRF may be an independent risk factor for malnutrition in Korean HD patients. A follow-up study is needed to investigate whether there is a causal relationship between a family history of CRF and malnutrition in Korean ESRD patients.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.232-243
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• 2016

In order to establish the watershed water quality management strategy of Total Maximum Daily Load(TMDL), it is necessary to understand the relationship between water quality component impacts, and to identify the impacts on downstream target point of watershed water quality management of waste treatment plant(WTP) discharge and upstream/tributary loads. In this study, we determined the impacts between the water quality contaminants, and traced water pollution sources using monitoring data of ministry of environment in tributaries and main stream and WTP monitoring data. Test area is set to Geumho river basin which has characteristics of urban and rural area and composes of GeumhoA, GeumhoB, GeumhoC watershed units in TMDL. The clustering with five grades of discharge data and the correlation analysis were performed through the FDC(Flow duration curve) analysis, which more clearly identified the points and water contaminants deteriorating target water quality of downstream point. This can be used as a tool for tracing pollutants with FDC analysis, and will help us establish the watershed water quality management strategy for TMDL target point in watershed more effectively.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.31-39
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• 2020

According to lessons learned from an accident of Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, it is advisable to make a comprehensive radiation survey by the accident phase for efficient response and risk management using diverse survey platforms. This study focuses on the technical status of environmental radiation monitoring using a UAV (Unmanned aerial vehicle) and the performance test of developed aerial survey system based on two detectors with an high energy resolution through the field application to contaminated areas. Finally, the performance of aerial survey at diverse flight heights was successfully achieved by introducing the correction factor to represent the results into ambient dose rate at 1m above the ground.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2016

Batteries are used for main power engine in the fields such as mobiles, electric vehicles and unmanned submarines, for starter and lamp driver in general automotive, for emergency electric source in ship. These days, lead-acid and the lithium ion batteries are increasingly used in the fields of the secondary battery, and the lead-acid battery has a low price and safety comparatively, The lithium ion battery has a high energy density, excellent output characteristics and long life, whereas it has the risk of explosion by reacting with moisture in the air. But Recently, due to the development of waterproof, fireproof, dustproof technology, lithium batteries are widely used, particularly, because their usages are getting wider enough to be used as a power source for hybrid ship and electric propulsion ship, it is necessary to manage more strictly. Hybrid ship has power supply units connected to the packets to produce more than 500kWh large power source, and therefore, A number of the communication modules and wires need to implement the wire inspection and monitor system(WIIMS) that allows monitoring server to transmit detecting voltage, current and temperature data, which is required for the management of the batteries. This paper implements a low price type wireless inspection and monitoring system(WILIMS) of the lithium ion battery for hybrid vessels using BLE wireless communication modules and power line modem( PLM), which have the advantages of low price, no electric lines compared to serial communication inspection systems(SCIS). There are state of charge(SOC), state of health(SOH) in inspection parts of batteries, and proposed system will be able to prevent safety accidents because it allows us to predict life time and make a preventive maintenance by checking them at regular intervals.

• Archives of Obesity and Metabolism
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.6-10
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• 2023

Compensatory changes in energy consumption and neuro-hormonal changes following weight loss make it difficult to maintain the reduced weight and may cause weight regain. Therefore, establishing a long-term weight control plan and strategy starting from the initial weight loss period is necessary. Both the patient and doctor should know that weight loss cannot occur continuously, and that maintaining weight after the weight loss period is the basic course of obesity treatment. No single dietary pattern is effective for weight maintenance, and a variety of dietary control methods - such as calorie restriction and healthy proportions of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and meal replacements - should be used to target an integrated and healthy dietary habit. An increase in physical activity is needed for weight loss and maintenance; however, rather than recommending an excessive amount of exercise, it is better to set realistic and long-term achievable goals. It is necessary to reset the goal according to the patient's weight maintenance stage and continuously apply behavioral therapies, such as self-monitoring and stress management. In previous studies, since the degree of weight loss and changes in behavioral patterns over the course of one year were important factors in maintaining long-term weight loss, obesity therapists should closely examine patient data and behavioral patterns across a period of one year and actively intervene when needed.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.10
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• pp.4455-4462
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• 2024

This study investigates the efficient passivation of CdTe-based semiconductor crystals, focusing on the long-term stability and underlying mechanisms of NaOCl passivation. CdZnTeSe crystals were grown, processed, and passivated with NaOCl, and their surface characteristics were studied using SEM-EDS and XPS. The passivation was found to significantly enhance the surface resistance, with a sustained effect for more than 90 s, attributed to the formation of a tellurium oxide layer. The passivation process was further elucidated through detailed morphological and compositional analyses. The NaOCl-passivated crystals exhibited improved electrical and spectroscopic properties in radiation detection, with a prolonged stability of 60-90 days, which are longer compared to other passivants. Additionally, the feasibility of NaOCl passivation on a CdZnTeSe detector was explored, showcasing enhanced material resistance and spectroscopic performance. The study concludes with insights into the potential industrial application of NaOCl passivation for CdTe-based radiation detectors.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.597-609
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• 2012

Leaf area index (LAI) is important in explaining the ability of the crop to intercept solar energy for biomass production and in understanding the impact of crop management practices. This paper describes a procedure for estimating LAI as a function of image-derived vegetation indices from temporal series of IKONOS, Landsat TM, and MODIS satellite images using empirical models and demonstrates its use with data collected at Missouri field sites. LAI data were obtained several times during the 2002 growing season at monitoring sites established in two central Missouri experimental fields, one planted to soybean (Glycine max L.) and the other planted to corn (Zea mays L.). Satellite images at varying spatial and spectral resolutions were acquired and the data were extracted to calculate normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) after geometric and atmospheric correction. Linear, exponential, and expolinear models were developed to relate temporal NDVI to measured LAI data. Models using IKONOS NDVI estimated LAI of both soybean and corn better than those using Landsat TM or MODIS NDVI. Expolinear models provided more accurate results than linear or exponential models.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.846-856
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• 2016

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely applied in monitoring and control of environment parameters. It is sometimes necessary to disseminate data through wireless links after they are deployed in order to adjust configuration parameters of sensors or distribute management commands and queries to sensors. Several approaches have been proposed recently for data dissemination in WSNs. However, none of these approaches achieves both high efficiency and low complexity simultaneously. To address this problem, cluster-tree based network architecture, which divides a WSN into hierarchies and clusters is proposed. Upon this architecture, data is delivered from base station to all sensors in clusters hierarchy by hierarchy. In each cluster, father broadcasts data to all his children with instantly decodable network coding (IDNC), and a novel scheme targeting to maximize total transmission gain (MTTG) is proposed. This scheme employs a new packet scheduling algorithm to select IDNC packets, which uses weight status feedback matrix (WSFM) directly. Analysis and simulation results indicate that the transmission efficiency approximate to the best existing approach maximum weight clique, but with much lower computational overhead. Hence, the energy efficiency achieves both in data transmission and processing.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.220.1-220.1
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• 2011

In recent years, the importance of Carbon Capture and Storage (hereafter CCS) is growing bigger and bigger. The development and commercialization of CCS technology are concerned for reducing carbon dioxide($CO_2$) emissions. For the most studies, the technology of $CO_2$ storage is known as the geological storage, ocean sequestration, mineral carbonation, industrial utilization, and so on. The geological storage is adjudged the most reasonable technology from economic and environmental aspects. Generally, the $CO_2$ geological storage is comprised of compression - transportation - drilling/injection - storage/management process. The critical problem is a leakage of $CO_2$ in all process. For resolving a leakage problem, it is necessary to predict and build a monitoring system. Those systems are proved safety of a leakage and received positive social perceptions of $CO_2$ geological storage. For those reasons, a risk assessment of $CO_2$ geological storage is required. A risk assessment is an estimated process of the possible effects when spilling $CO_2$. Although numerous studies of risk assessment have studied, it is incomplete to evaluate a risk and disaster quantitatively. The risk assessment will be developed for domestic application and safe $CO_2$ geological storage considering characteristics of Korea.