• KCI Concrete Journal
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2002

This study proposes a joint model consisting of different types of members as a new structural system, and then investigates the resulting structural behavior. The joint model consists of a concrete-filled steel tube column (CFT) together with a steel reinforced concrete at the end plus reinforced concrete beam at the center. For comparison, two other joint models were designed, that are, a CPT with a reinforced concrete beam, and a CFT with a steel reinforced concrete at the end plus steel concrete beam at the center, then their joint capacity and rigidity, energy absorption capacity, etc., were all investigated. From the results, the CFT column with a steel reinforced concrete at the end plus steel concrete beam at the center was outstanding in terms of its capacity and rigidity. The results of this analysis demonstrate that an adequate connection type and reinforcement method with different materials of increasing the rigidity, thereby producing a capacity improvement along with protection from pre-fractures.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2020

U-flanged truss beam is composed of u-shaped upper steel flange, lower steel plate of 8mm or more thickness, and connecting lattice bars. Upper flange and lower plate are connected by the diagonal lattice bars welded on the upper and lower sides. In this study, the details of delayed buckling of lattice members were developed through reinforcement of the end section, in order to improve structural capacity of U-flanged Truss Steel Beam. To verify the effects of these details, the simple beam experiment was conducted. The maximum capacity of all the specimens were determined by the buckling of the lattice. The vertical reinforced details of the ends with steel plates, rather than the details reinforced with steel bars, are confirmed to be a valid method for enhancing the structural capacity of the U-flanged Truss beam. In addition, U-flanged Truss Steel Beam with reinforced endings with steel plates can exhibit sufficient capacity of the lattice buckling by the formulae according to Korean Building Code (KBC, 2016) and Eurocode 3.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.291-306
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• 2006

In order to improve the constructability and meanwhile ensure excellent seismic behavior, several innovative composite connection details were conceived and studied by the authors. This paper reports experimental results and observations on seismic behavior of steel beam bolted to reinforced concrete column connections (bolted RCS or BRCS). The proposed composite connection details involve post tensioning the end plates of the steel beams to the reinforced concrete or precast concrete columns using high-strength steel rods. A rational design procedure was proposed to assure a ductile behavior of the composite structure. Strut-and-tie model analysis indicates that a bolted composite connection has a favorable stress transfer mechanism. The excellent capacity and behavior were then validated through five full-scale beam to column connection model tests.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.533-541
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• 2010

H형강 보는 기둥 사이에 설치되어 건물의 각 층 바닥인 슬래브를 지지하기 위해 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나, H형강 보의 경우 접합부가 고정단이면서 등분포하중 작용시 양 단부에 발생하는 휨 모멘트는 중앙부에 발생하는 모멘트에 비해 약 2배가량 크다. 보는 최대 모멘트에 의해 설계가 이루어지기 때문에 보 춤이 커지게 되고, 이로 인하여 각 층의 가용 공간이 줄어드는 문제점이 있다. 이를 개선하기 위해, 최대 휨 모멘트가 발생하는 H형강 보 양 단부만을 별도로 보강하면, 보 중앙부에서 발생하는 휨 모멘트로 보를 설계할 수 있다. 따라서, 단부 보강한 철골보(Eco-girder)의 구조적 성능을 분석하기 위해, 단부 보강 강판의 용도, 철근 보강, 하중전달방법 등을 변수로 하여 4개의 실험체를 제작하여 구조성능실험을 수행하였다.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2021

The U-flanged truss hybrid beam is a new composite beam made by pouring concrete into the U-flanged truss beam. In this study, an experimental study was performed to verify the shear capacity of U-flanged truss hybrid beams with the newly developed end reinforcement details. For all specimens, the maximum shear strength was determined by shear failure of concrete in the loading point The detail reinforced with stirrups at the end zone can exhibit the greatest shear strength, but the method of reinforcing the end zone using vertical steel plates, which is a relatively easy method to manufacture, is considered to be the most effective detail in terms of shear strength and ductility. Also, in the case of U-flanged truss hybrid beams reinforced with vertical steel plates at the end zone, the shear strength can be evaluated on the safety side by using the Korea Design Standard formula.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.543-551
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• 2010

층고 감소, 내력 증대 등의 장점을 가지고 있는 기존 합성보의 특징 뿐만 아니라 사용 강재량의 감소까지 기대할 수 있는 단부 보강한 합성보(Eco-girder) 시스템이 개발되었다. Eco-girder 시스템의 개념은 효율적인 합성보의 설계를 위해 최대 모멘트가 발생하는 양단부만을 강판을 이용하여 보강하고, 중앙부 모멘트에 의하여 철골보 크기를 결정하는 구조시스템이다. 본 연구에서는 반복 휨하중을 받는 단부보강 합성보의 이력거동을 예측하기 위해 정밀한 FEM(Finite Element Method)보다는 간단한 표현과 동시에 원리에 충실한 수치적분에 의한 면내수치해석방법(Fiber Element Analysis)을 이용하였으며, 선행 연구된 실험 결과와의 비교를 통해 수치해석방법의 타당성을 검증하였다. 또한 기존 합성보와의 이력거동을 비교 분석하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제72권3호
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• pp.367-382
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• 2019

This paper presents experimental and analytical investigations on additional fixed-end rotations resulting from the strain penetration of high-strength reinforcement in reinforced concrete (RC) beam-column connections under monotonic loading. The experimental part included the test of 18 interior beam-column connections with straight long steel bars and 24 exterior beam-column connections with hooked and headed steel bars. Rebar strains along the anchorage length were recorded at the yielding and ultimate states. Furthermore, a numerical program was developed to study the effect of strain penetration in beam-column connections. The numerical results showed good agreement with the test results. Finally, 87 simulated specimens were designed with various parameters based on the test specimens. The effect of concrete compressive strength ($f_c$), yield strength ($f_y$), diameter ($d_b$), and anchorage length ($l_{ah}$) of the reinforcement in the beam-column connection was examined through a parametric study. The results indicated that additional fixed-end rotations increased with a decrease in $f_c$ and an increase in $f_y$, $d_b$ and $l_{ah}$. Moreover, the growth rate of additional fixed-end rotations at the yielding state was faster than that at the ultimate state when high-strength steel bars were used.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.398-401
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• 2006

This study investigates the behaviour of Hybrid Beam with reinforced concrete encased steel center and reinforced concrete end. Two types of encased steel shape and two sections are examined in this study. Test results showed that H-Hybrid beam is stronger than Honey-comb Hybrid beam, and the behaviour of composite beam embedded steel at the elastic state is same as that of simple beam.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제90권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2024

Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bars have now been widely adopted as an alternative to traditional steel reinforcements in infrastructure and civil industries worldwide due variety of merits. This paper presents a numerical methodology to investigate FRP bar-reinforced beam-column joint behavior under quasi-static loading. The proposed numerical model is validated with test results considering load-deflection behavior, damage pattern at beam-column joint, and strain variation in reinforcements, wherein the results are in agreement. The numerical model is subsequently employed for parametric investigation to enhance the end-span beam-column joint performance using different joint reinforcement systems. To reduce the manufacturing issue of bend in the FRP bar, the headed FRP bar is employed in a beam-column joint, and performance was investigated at different column axial loads. Headed bar-reinforced beam-column joints show better performance as compared to beam-column joints having an L-bar in terms of concrete damage, load-carrying capacity, and joint shear strength. The applicability and efficiency of FRP bars at different story heights have also been investigated with varying column axial loads.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2017

The performance of an Industrialised Building System (IBS) consists of prefabricated reinforced concrete components, is greatly affected by the behaviour of the connection between beam and columns. The structural characteristics parameters of a beam-to-column connection like rotational stiffness, strength and ductility can be explained by load-rotation relationship of a full scale H-subframe under gravitational load. Furthermore, the connection's degree of rigidity directly influences the behaviour of the whole frame. In this research, rotational behaviour of a patented innovative beam-to-column connection with unique benefits like easy installation, no wet work, no welding work at assembly site, using a hybrid behaviour of steel and concrete, easy replacement ability, and compatibility with architecture was investigated. The proposed IBS beam-to-column connection includes precast concrete components with embedded steel end connectors. Two full-scale H-subframes constructed with a new IBS and conventional cast in-situ reinforced concrete system beam-to-column connections were tested under incremental static loading. In this paper, load-rotation relationship and ratio of the rigidity of IBS beam-to-column connection are studied and compared with conventional monolithic reinforced concrete connection. It is concluded that this new IBS beam-to-column connection benefits from more rotational ductility than the conventional reinforced concrete connection. Furthermore, the semi-rigid IBS connection rigidity ratio is about 44% of a full rigid connection.