• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2015

Purpose - This paper attempted to investigate the relationships among the perception of job insecurity and organizational effectiveness, and it examines these relationships while considering the moderating effect of trust in the manager and self-efficacy. Job insecurity is an independent variable, organizational effectiveness aspects (job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention) are dependent variables, and trust and self-efficacy are moderators. Research design, data, and methodology - Regression analysis was used to verify the effects. The measurement items were already deemed as reliable and valid in the previous study, but for this purpose, some modifications were made. To examine the model, this study relied on the samples chosen from Korean employees in the six franchise business firms. The survey was conducted on 288 workers. Each question is based on a 5-point Likert type scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results - The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, job insecurity has an influence on organizational effectiveness aspects (negatively on job satisfaction, negatively on organizational commitment, and positively on turnover intention). Second, analyzing the moderating effect of trust, trust in manager is mediated between job insecurity and organizational effectiveness aspects (on organizational commitment and on turnover intention). However, employees' trust in manager had no significant moderating effect on the job insecurity-job satisfaction relationship. Third, self-efficacy is mediated between job insecurity and organizational effectiveness aspects (on job satisfaction, on organizational commitment, and on turnover intention). Conclusions - First, it is necessary to be aware of the seriousness of employees' job insecurity in franchise firms, which have played a pivotal role in national economic growth, and to create a detailed plan for reducing insecurity and actively implementing it. To this end, the franchise companies should implement efficiency efforts such as obtaining an appropriate capacity of equipped personnel and a training program. Second, there are moderating effects of self-efficacy and trust in the relationship between job insecurity and organizational effectiveness. Depending on business conditions, stability and instability can only be experienced in the organizations of franchise companies. This can give rise to instability in employment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and utilize a system that can be minimized with a change in the new awareness of employment instability. After all, a good leader (manager) must accumulate personal trust and build up a core competence that is necessary to become competent in the field himself. Even if you lack the material resources to improve performance, if the leader with the core competencies (e.g., technical/management /organization/marketing/design) can gain the trust of the supervisor, you can get a good organizational performance. Therefore, you should foster a healthy organizational culture through education such as leadership training and employee training to be built on trust between the leaders and the employees. In addition, you need to focus on HRD&M training in order to increase the self-efficacy of the supervisor.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.103-128
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• 2006

The present study investigated individuals' perception of important social issues in Korea. Based on previous research(Hahn, 1994; Hahn & Kang, 2000), a checklist containing 370 social issues was created. This checklist was administered to 1600 Koreans(812 college students, 788 adults) residing in 5 regional areas in Korea during the period of December 2004 and February 2005. Data were analyzed by the respondents' age, sex, and residing areas, and findings were compared to those of the two previous studies conducted in 1994 and 1999. Major findings of the study are as follows. First, across the three surveys, over 50% of the respondents consistently indicated the following four items as important social issues in the Korean society: political corruption, environmental pollution, the education system that is driven too much for college entrance, employment difficulty for local college graduates. Second, more than 50% of the respondents in the current survey indicated the following 12 items as important social issues that must be resolved: high unemployment rate, political corruption, environmental pollution, education system, overall difficulty of getting jobs, the nation's distrust in politics, hardships of life among the working classes, political incompetence, people with defective personal credit standings, employment difficulty for local college graduates, political instability, corruption of public servants. Third, analyses on the top 30 social issues across the three surveys revealed a positive and significant rank-order correlation for a five-year period(i.e., 1994-1999, 1999-2004), but not for a ten-year period(i.e., 1994-2004). Implications of the study and directions for future research are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.301-324
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the perception of the childcare teachers regarding accreditation procedures and feasibility of the second accreditation index according their past participation in the accreditation process. The objects were 193 childcare teachers working at child care centers that were accredited using the initial accreditation index. The collected data was analyzed using frequency, percentile, $X^2$, and t-test. The major findings are as follows: First, childcare teachers without accreditation experience perceived 'continuing education of child care center directors and teachers' to be the most important for quality maintenance after successful accreditation. In contrast, childcare teachers with accreditation experience placed the most importance on 'childcare teachers' motivation and continuing enrollment'. Second, childcare teachers with accreditation experience perceived higher feasibility in the subcategories of 'art activity materials' in the category of child care environment, 'providing operation policies and information of child care teachers', 'care for children', and 'employment contract' in the operation & management category, 'sanitary management of food, cooking and feeding', 'care of sick or injured child', 'health management of children and childcare teachers', 'snacks for children' in the category of health and nutrition and 'safe procedures for handing over children' in the category of safety. In general, childcare teachers with accreditation experience perceived higher feasibility of the second accreditation index in all categories.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.459-465
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• 2017

The Korean language major is being activated in line with the increasing number of international students who are studying in South Korea. Therefore, the motivation for selecting a university major varies according to the background, environment, and values of each student. Thus, it is meaningful to examine the motivation of international students to select their major and their satisfaction on the major. In this study, 173 international students living in Seoul were surveyed and the data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 23.0 to demonstrate the structural relationship between their motivation for selecting the major and their satisfaction about the major. From analysis result, their motivation for selecting a Korean language major were classified into internal and external motivations, and their major satisfaction was classified into perception satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, subject satisfaction, and general satisfaction. Regarding the motivations to select a Korean language major, the level of external motivation was very high, and among the major satisfaction, the level of general satisfaction was the highest. Furthermore, the external and internal motives had significant positive effects on all the categories of major satisfaction, including the perception satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, subject satisfaction, and general satisfaction. This study suggests effective methods to improve the satisfaction of international students about the Korean language major such as the provision of information about and opportunities for employment using their major and the provision of a high quality.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.69-88
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• 2016

The study tried to investigate perception of the importance and educational needs of job performance competency of National Competency Standards based vocational education curriculum in technical specialized high schools and meister high schools. For this, the survey was conducted targeting 269 specialty subject teachers in technical specialized high schools and meister high schools. And the results are as follow: First, job performance competency were divided into 5 categories(curriculum guidance, school life guidance, class management, extraordinary activities and administrative duties) and 34 sub-categories. Second, higher importance values were curriculum guidance, extraordinary activities and school life guidance. Higher educational needs values were curriculum guidance, extraordinary activities and administrative duties in categories. Third, higher importance values were construction and reconstruction of NCS learning modules, organization and manage of NCS based vocational education curriculum, guide of the new laws and employment, student records manage, research activities of NCS, hands-on-background training, NCS projects in sub-categories. Fourth, the results show that the NCS experienced teachers more highly evaluated the importance and educational needs of the job performance competency than the NCS inexperienced teachers did.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.91-100
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• 2019

Many university students try to start up a lot because of career uncertainty, and this study reflected this environmental situation. The subject of the study is the degree to which subjective norms of university students affect the start-up intention. In addition, we looked at the mediated effects of self-efficiency and the moderated effects of security competence. To verify the hypothesis of the study, 201 university students in Seoul were asked about the relevant variables. And based on prior theory, hypotheses and questionnaires were made. In addition, the validity, reliability and correlation analysis of each variable were conducted. Multiple regression analysis was used for hypothesis analysis. As a result, subjective norms have a positive effect on the start-up intention. Next, self-efficiency was found to be mediating the relationship between subjective norms and start-up intentions. Finally, when subjective norms affect the start-up intention, security competence showed negative moderate effect. The implications of this study are as follows: First, a positive perception of start-up by those around them is needed when it comes to raising the intention of starting a business. This positive perception also affects the confidence and sense of challenge in start-up and affects their start-up intention. However, if career anchor prefer stable employment for the organization, it can be seen that they negatively affect the start-up intention.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.53-80
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate individual awareness variables influencing emotional, normative, and functional marriage intentions of unmarried men and women. Independent variables were values of offspring, perceptions to unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, perceptions and availabilities of marriage-related policies, views on the marriageable age, psychological burdens of pressure to marriage by significant people, and views on parents' support for marriage fund. Method: 553 unmarried men and women in Daegu, Korea were surveyed, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA), multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis with SPSS 22.0. Results: First, this study was more exploratory and in-depth approach to marriage intentions than precedent studies. The sub factors of marriage intentions were emotional, normative, and functional marriage ones. Second, emotional marriage intention showed significant differences depending on gender, dating, views on the marriageable age, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Among the individual awareness variables, values of offspring, perceptions to unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, and psychological burdens of pressure to marriage personally or by friends influenced emotional marriage intention. Third, normative marriage intention showed significant differences depending on gender, religion, occupational status, employment condition, dating, views on the marriageable age, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Among the individual awareness variables, values of offspring, perception to unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, view on the marriageable age, availabilities of marriage-related information offering policies, and psychological burdens of pressure to marriage by mother influenced normative marriage intention. Fourth, functional marriage intention showed significant differences depending on gender, job, parents' support for marriage fund, views on the marriageable age, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Among the individual awareness variables, functional marriage intention was influenced by values of offspring, perception about unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Finally, the hierarchical regression analysis showed that individual awareness variables influenced on marriage intentions. Especially, values of offspring, perceptions to unmarried, and attitudes toward multiple role planning influenced on emotional, normative, and functional marriage intentions in common. Conclusions: The findings from these analyses suggest that the selective process based on the individual awareness has become very significant to having marriage intentions. Therefore, this study will contribute as the basic data on national marriage-related policies. Furthermore, this study will be able to use to think about the marriage intention as a task to be preceded by the national policy in order to prepare for Korea 's low fertility and aging phenomenon.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.878-887
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• 2017

This study performed a qualitative research on the transformative learning cases in vocational education for female baby-boom generation. The baby-boom generation that recently starts retirement is participating in vocational education for their re-employment. Even though their first goal of education was to find a job, they experienced in finding themselves through the actual education. Especially, female baby-boom generation learners were finding their own identity as an entity of social participation, getting out of the existing identity as wife, mother, and housewife. Such a learning experience was the process of recovering themselves, and in this process, new meanings of life were formed. In the results of the study, first, the learning experience in vocational education was the transformative learning to find themselves. They newly created themselves by critically introspecting their negative experience and perception of themselves, and then rearranging/cognizing the accumulated experiences. Second, the immersion in the transitional process to learner increased the motivation for learning and also drew learning about learning. Especially, they reinterpreted their educational methods and contents based on their learning experience in the vocational activity. Through the process, they learnt their past learning experience again. Third, the educational volunteer activity through learning club was a place for study to practice learning. Through this, the research participants realized that theories could not be separated from practice.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.173-192
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• 2011

The visual system applies previously learned contextual knowledge to facilitate the perception and encoding of scenes. When extrapolation following the employment of contextual information occurs, it sometimes leads to scene memory distortion: people report as if they saw more than they actually had seen. This phenomenon is called the "boundary extension" effect (Intraub & Richardson, 1989). The present study aimed to clarify the effects of contextual information on boundary extension in a more systematic way. Based on the assumption that it is harder to extract contextual information from inverted scenes compared to intact scenes, we presented inverted scenes either during encoding or retrieval to manipulate the level of contextual information and compared the magnitude of boundary extension effect for upright versus inverted scenes. In a series of experiments, we found that scene inversion during encoding, but not during retrieval, significantly reduced boundary extension. Showing reduced memory distortion for inverted scenes, the current study directly demonstrated that access to contextual information is a critical component of scene extrapolation process.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.241-261
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of the military library services and the factors for promoting the reading of the soldiers and the activation of the use of the library by investigating the perception, use behavior and satisfaction of the library users, and the usefulness of 'JinJung' library collection. For this purpose, we surveyed the users of the Army, Navy, and Air Force military libraries. As a result of the survey, they responded that they were reading to acquire new knowledge and information and to cultivate the education. The favorite reading areas were general fiction, poetry, comic books, martial arts and fantasy novels. In order to encourage the soldiers to read in the military, diversity and quantitative expansion of collections are most needed, and soldiers said they most desire to expand the books on novels, poetry, admissions and employment preparation books. In addition, in order to increase the utilization rate of the military library and the interest in reading, it was necessary to increase the accessibility of the soldiers' library and books to the military, and to increase the library use time.