• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2009

This paper describes empirical approach methodology for the quantitative risk assessment of maritime transportation accident (MTA) of a merchant ship. The principal aim of this project is to estimate the risk of MTA that could degrade the ship safety by analyzing the underlying factors contributing to MTA based on the IMO's Formal Safety Assessment techniques and, by assessing the probabilistic risk level of MTA based on the quantitative risk assessment methodology. The probabilistic risk level of MTA to Risk Index (RI) composed with Probability Index (PI) and Severity Index (SI) can be estimated from proposed Maritime Transportation Accident Model (MTAM) based on Bayesian Network with Bayesian theorem Then the applicability of the proposed MTAM can be evaluated using the scenario group with 355 core damaged accident history. As evaluation results, the correction rate of estimated PI, $r_{Acc}$ is shown as 82.8%, the over ranged rate of PI variable sensitivity with $S_p{\gg}1.0$ and $S_p{\ll}1.0$ is shown within 10%, the averaged error of estimated SI, $\bar{d_{SI}}$ is shown as 0.0195 and, the correction rate of estimated RI, $r_{Acc}$(%), is shown as 91.8%. These results clearly shown that the proposed accident model and methodology can be use in the practical maritime transportation field.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.603-609
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• 2013

In December 1998, Act on the investigation and inquiry into marine accidents was amended by inserting new Paragraph (2) of Article 4, which states "Where two or more persons are related to the occurrence of a marine accident when the Maritime Safety Tribunal(hereinafter referred to as the "MST") examines the causes of a marine accident as provides for under Paragraph (1), the MST may disclose the extent to which each responsible person is related to the cause of the marine accident". Based on this new Paragraph, the apportionment system of causation ratio in the ship collision was introduced in February 1999. However the apportionment system is adopted 12 years ago, public debate has continued about the positive and negative aspects of the system. Thus some groups advocate the system for the advantages, but other groups argue that this system should be abolished. Therefore, at first, this study analyzes the adopting background and the main reasons of the pros and cons discussion on the apportionment system of causation ratio in the ship collision. Then we conduct a survey analysis to investigate stakeholder's satisfaction of this new system in the ship collision cases. Finally this study suggests the policy proposal to improve the apportionment system of causation ratio in the ship collision.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.6004-6013
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• 2014

The research on resource sharing in the diversification field is concerned mainly with sharing, but there has been little interest in resources. This research examined resource sharing with the main variables and logics of resource-based view. Based on a survey of 263 affiliates of 35 diversified firms, the impacts of resource quantity, resource quality, and resource exploitability on inter-affiliate resource sharing were hypothesized and verified. To confirm the performance implications of resource sharing, the impacts of the combination of resource quantity and resource sharing, the combination of resource quality and resource sharing, and the combination of resource exploitability and resource sharing on the affiliate performance were also hypothesized and verified. According to the empirical results from multiple regression analyses, resource sharing increases in the order of low resource quantity, high resource quality, and high resource exploitability. The performance was advanced in resource sharing under a low resource quantity and resource sharing under high resource exploitability, but it was not advanced in resource sharing under high resource quality. The results highlight the need for a further study on why the resource quality and resource exploitability affect resource sharing in the opposite directions, as expected in the hypotheses, why resource sharing under high resource quality does not lead to high performance, even though resource quality increases resource sharing, and what they would be if resources are subdivided by the types.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.687-701
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• 2014

Sea ice is generally accepted as an important factor to understand the process of earth climate changes and is the basis of earth system models for analysis and prediction of the climate changes. To continuously monitor sea ice changes at kilometer scale, it is demanded to create more accurate grid data from the current, limited sea ice data. In this paper we described a downscaling method for Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) Sea Ice Concentration (SIC) from 10 km to 1 km resolution using a weighting scheme of sea ice days ratio derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sea ice cover product that has a high correlation with the SIC. In a case study for Okhotsk Sea, the sea ice areas of both data (before and after downscaling) were identical, and the monthly means and standard deviations of SIC exhibited almost the same values. Also, Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analyses showed that three kinds of SIC data (ERA-Interim, original AMSR2, and downscaled AMSR2) had very similar principal components for spatial and temporal variations. Our method can apply to downscaling of other continuous variables in the form of ratio such as percentage and can contribute to monitoring small-scale changes of sea ice by providing finer SIC data.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.43
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• pp.37-65
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• 2015

There has been discussions and investigation on the nexus between religion and citizen's supports for suicide attacks and terrorist groups conducting such acts. In terms of the relationship, there were two potent hypotheses attempting to explain the process and mechanism of the relationship: religious belief hypothesis and coalitional commitment hypothesis. previous studies examined these hypotheses have been carried out across different cultural, religious, and political contexts. Until today, however, there are still lack of concrete evidence, which is generated from empirical studies, supportive evidence for any of these hypotheses. Therefor this study aims to investigate the association between religion and popular support for suicide attacks by using a survey data collected from three middle east countries, Egypt, Morocco, and Pakistan. In analysis, a step-wised regression analysis conducted with a set of variety of variables considered to be related with the association. This study found that variables reflecting religious belief hypothesis, such as prayer to God, religious devotion were unrelated to support for suicide attacks. Yet, prayer time predicted reduced supports for suicide attacks. Further, attendance at religious services, thought to enhance coalitional commitment, predicted support for suicide attacks. Yet, it showed negative association with support for suicide attacks. These findings suggest that regular attendance at religious services and regular prayer have combined effects reducing on the willing to support for suicide martyrdom. However, this study findings affirmatively support for neigher religious belief hypothesis nor coalitional commitment hypothesis. Instead, it suggests the needs for further research examination on the relationship as well as corrections of these hypotheses. Finally, Implications for the research findings for preventing suicide attacks are discussed.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.477-490
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• 2013

A rip-current warning index function, which is estimated from the likelihood of rip current quantified based on numerical simulations under various sea environments and is varied according to real-time buoy-observations, was studied to help protect against rip current accidents at Haeundae beach. For the quantification, the definition of likelihood of rip current, which proposed by Choi et al. (2011, 2012b), was employed and estimated based on Boussinesq modelling. The distribution of likelihood of rip current was evaluated by using various simulations according to scenarios established based on physical quantities(i.e., wave parameters) of buoy-observations. To index the likelihood of rip current, empirical functions were derived based on the distribution and adjusted to observational environments. In this study, the observations from June to September in 2011 at Haeundae beach were applied to the rip-current index functions, and its applications into the real events found based on CCTV images were presented and investigated. In addition, limitations and improvements of the rip-current index function were discussed.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.555-564
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• 2018

The detention reservoir is a hydraulic structure that constructs a levee on the inland of river and sets up side weir in a section of the levee, and this facility stores a part of the flood volume in case of a flood event over a certain scale. In order to optimize the operation of detention reservoir, it is necessary to review the linkage with existing facilities in the river. In this study, the effect of water level reduction and the flow distribution was analyzed according to the location of the side weir in the detention reservoir considering the run-of-the-river gate. Two radial gates were installed in the experimental channel, and the water level in channel and the overflow of weir were measured by moving the location of the side weir upstream from the gate. As a results of experiment, it was confirmed that the water level reduction is more remarkable as the location of the side weir was closer to the gate, and the effect of flow distribution is not greatly changed. When two or more side weirs were operated, it is confirmed that the sufficient storage space was secured and the water level reduction effect with the location of the side weir is not large. In addition, the water level reduction rate according to the location of the side weir was estimated by empirical formula and it is provided as basic data that can be used in the planning of the detention reservoir.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.39-64
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• 2015

As information and information technology become more important in competitive corporate environments, the risk of information security breaches has increased accordingly. Although organizations establish security measures to manage information security risks, members of organizations do not comply with them well, and their information security behavior intention is unclear. Therefore, to understand the information security risk management intention of the members of organizations, the present study developed a research model using Protection Motivation Theory, Supervisory Authority Pressure, and Background factors. This study presents empirical research findings based on the analysis of survey data from 201 members of financial institutions. Perceived Severity, Self-efficacy, and Supervisory Authority Pressure had a positive effect on intention; however, Perceived Vulnerability and Response Efficacy did not affect intention. Security Avoidance Habit, which was considered a background factor, had a negative effect on all parameters, and did not have an effect on intention. Security Awareness Training, another background factor, had a positive effect on information security risk management intention and perceived vulnerability, self-efficacy, response efficacy, and supervisory authority pressure, and had no effect on perceived severity. This study used supervisory authority pressure and background factors in the field of information security, and provided a basis to use supervisory authority pressure in future studies on behavior of organizations and members of an organization. In addition, the use of various background factors presented the groundwork for the expansion of protection motivation theory. Furthermore, practitioners can use the study findings as a foundation for organization's security activities, and to improve regulations.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.14-24
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• 2009

This study aims at deriving any useful information necessary to strengthen the competitiveness for growth through empirical analyses on general hospital located in a province in order to countermeasure the opening and competition of medical markets. The characteristics of user were identified on the basis of disease groups under KCD in the research method. In addition, the analysis on the expenses of diagnosis and treatment was divided into the treatment progress and degree of hospital resource utilization And the regression was carried out to identify the impacts of characteristics of inpatient users on the degree of hospital resource utilization. As a result of major research, the inpatient users of the general hospital located in the provincial area in consideration of inpatient users were formed around the inpatient disease groups representative for Korea(diseases of the respiratory system, injury and poisoning & certain other consequences of external causes). And it was understood that most of residents within a distance of 40 minute by the public transportation were using. And mostly were under the age of 9 or over 60, and the provision of medical features such as the degree of consultation and operational functions were inadequate. When we classify inpatient treatment cost for each resource application as the medical cost being the center of patient care function, the equipment and human resource application sector are constituted over half. Accordingly, the following suggestions are made as plans to strengthen the competitiveness for the growth of general hospitals located in the provincial areas on the basis of analytical results. First, it is necessary to have the characterization matching to the age and disease groups with a high frequency. Second, it is necessary to increase the degree of hospital resource utilization according to the characterization. Third, it is necessary to concentrate on public relations. The above suggestion, as a method for securing image improvement and competitive power as a general hospital, and through expansion of social function that a regional general hospital needs to secure not only as an individual institution but also as a general hospital, it can be seen that a general improvement of image as a regional general hospital is possible.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.94-110
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• 2000

While most of the previous information technology adoption and diffusion researches focus the critical factors not on the organizational perspective but on the individual perspective based on the various reasons such as informational characteristics. This paper will try to analysis the adoption and diffusion factors of the Internet related technologies based on the organizational perspective. Nowadays, in especially, the evolving and fast diffusing Internet related technologies and the flourishing e-commerce applications pressure retail banks that prepare the new types of online payment systems to maintain their existing and new customer relationship and compete with their potential competitors in the coming market environments. In addition, while most previous researches only focus on the adoption of new information technologies, this paper not only analysis the adoption of innovational technology but also analysis the diffusion process in an organization, which encourage practitioners and researchers to reveal more detail and practical analysis of the innovational technology adoption and diffusion process in ann organizational setting. Based on the previous researches, there are several factor-category will be selected for this research: 1) organizational factor, 2) within banking industry factor, 3) non-banking industry factor, 4) customer acceptance factor, 5) government factor, and 6) the functionality of e-commerce systems factor. Finally, in this study, we assumed that the more sophisticated e-commerce adopting banks provide the more broad range of banking services in general. Thus, we develop the extended integrated technology diffusion model to provide empirical evidences to distinguish between adopters and non-adopters and explain the diffusion levels of e-commerce using the level of services provided via Internet to the customer in retail bank industry.