• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2016

This study was performed to examine how intrinsic acceptance for happenstance(IAH) affects evaluation of the means to achieve additional goals when the additional goals are happened to be added to the original means-goal link. Specifically, participants were asked to evaluate the effectiveness of means(e.g., exercise and saving) to achieve additional goals which are either more or less relevant to the means. The result showed that participants with high IAH were more likely to think that the original means is effective to accomplish additional goals than those with low IAH. This pattern, however, was found only when the additional goals are relevant to the means. When the relevance of the additional goals to the means was low, there was no difference in evaluation of the effectiveness of the means to achieve additional goals between participants with high and low IAH. Future research and implications of this study for goal-systems theory and intrinsic acceptance for happenstance were discussed.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.293-304
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• 2013

Procrastination is an irrational choice to delay high-priority work in order to avoid its unpleasantness, despite the fact that the negativity will not cease if the work still remains undone. We hypothesized that (1) people underestimate the future negativity (i.e., delay neutralization) and (2) in order to complete work in a timely manner, one should project oneself into the future so as to recognize that the negativity associated with an activity does not diminish over time. Especially, negative future thinking that is unrelated to the consequence was hypothesized to reduce delay neutralization of negativity. In the present study, undergraduate students made a series of choices between delayed-but-longer and immediate-but-shorter assignment by employing an inter-temporal choice paradigm. We tracked how positive and negative episodic future thinking influenced the degree to which negativity is neutralized over time (Experiment 1). Following this, we confined the experimental condition to negative thinking about the future (Experiment 2). Participants neutralized negativity involved in assignment as a function of time, suggesting that procrastination arises from the delay neutralization of the negativity. Critically, such neutralization was significantly reduced when participants imagined a negative future event, but this did not occur when they imagined a positive future event (Experiment 1), or when participants did not think about the future (Experiment 1, 2). Our findings suggest that, prior to making a decision between work and indulgence, imagining negative future events can be an effective way to reduce the neutralization of delayed negativity and, in turn, procrastination.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.53-62
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• 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the gloss of a product's packaging on purchase intention and the mediating role of perceived corporate eco-friendliness and perceived quality in food area. The participants were randomly assigned to product package condition (glossy vs. matte) and after observing ketchup and potato chips, they responded to questions on about perceived corporate eco-friendliness, perceived quality, and purchase intention. The participants reported their opinion that companies that manufactured matte package products would likely use more organic ingredients and would be more eco-friendly than companies that manufactured glossy package products. The more the participants perceived a company to be eco-friendly, the better they evaluated the company's product quality and the higher their purchase intention. This study has theoretical and practical implications, in that it extends the study of the product package in relation to its effect on corporate image, and it proposes a practical use of matte product package for improving the eco-friendly image of the company. Limitations and further research were also discussed.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.19-26
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• 2016

Previous research has shown that people perceive the larger volume for tall and lean cylindrical containers over short and wide containers of the same volume (e.g., Raghubir & Krishna, 1999; Wansink & Van Ittersum, 2003). The present research demonstrated that this elongation effect is reversed for boxes, presumably due to the affordance of the boxes. Two studies showed that participants judge short and wide boxes as having larger volume than long and lean boxes of the same volume. This effect replicated through two types of presentation formats (drawing, Study1; actual object, Study2) when the choice between two boxes was forced (Study 1) and not (Study 2). The results also replicated among participants residing in the U.S. (Study 1) and participants residing in Korea (Study 2). The reversed elongation effect held for liquid materials in general (water, Study 1; drinks, Study 2). Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.41-64
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• 2016

In two experiments, we compared envy with admiration in attentional and motivational benefits. In addition, we tested whether individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) have consequences for emotion regulation. In Study 1, following WMC tasks, the participants were primed either with envy or with admiration through a recall task, in which they had to recall their own experiences about envy or admiration. The participants in the envy condition considered it more undeserved that another person had an advantage over them, than in the admiration condition. Additionally, in the envy condition, WMC was related to happiness, and anxiety was related to the motivation to study more. In contrast, there were no significant relationships between WMC, emotion and study hours in the admiration condition. Study 2 (N=43) found greater memory for the envy scenario in the envy condition than in the admiration and in the control condition. Additionally, there were significant relationships between WMC, anxiety and recall accuracy in the envy condition. However, these relations were not found in the admiration and in the control condition. Findings implicate that envy may play an important role in memory systems and that WMC is related to emotion regulation abilities.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.691-698
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• 2019

This study is to examine the effect of improving the forest therapy program for adolescents using forest healing resources (focused on improving index of greenness for adolescents). The participants were 30 students from in the control group that participated in the 2018 program, and 51 students in experimental group that participated in the improved program in 2019. The questionnaire, developed by Korea Forest Welfare Institute, was comprised of items on general matters, index of greenness, restorative environment, positive emotion, negative emotion, facial expression and psychological assessment. The control group had 30 and the experimental group had 49 valid copies of the questionnaires. As a result of the paired sample t-test for each group, the control group showed a significant increase in all categories except restorative environment. In the experimental group, all categories significantly improved to a higher level (p <.01). An independent sample t-test (one-tailed test) was performed to test the effect of the forest therapy program with improved index of greenness. As a result, the index of greenness increased by 0.73 points(t=2.555, p <.01) and restorative environment by 1.01 points (t=2.567, p <.01), showing statistical significance. Negative emotion increased by 0.04 points (t=0.183, p >.05), which was not significant. On the other hand, positive emotion decreased by 0.42 points (t=-1.918, p <.05), facial expression by 0.57 points (t=-1.775, p <.05), and psychological assessment by 0.29 points (t=-0.981, p >.05), showing significance in positive emotion and facial expression. However, all the decreased items showed significant improvements between the pretest and posttest scores of the experimental group.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2009

In approach of human-robot interaction, it is importance task in future robot industry to make to robot recognize, express, coping the emotions. The purpose of this study was to examination the effects unconscious positive and negative emotion of information processing of motor program. 13 participants(male=11, female=2) viewed smile-face picture and angry-face picture priming at 10ms level, and then performanced button press, button press and one tennis ball hitting, and button press and two tennis ball hitting task. The results appeared that positive emotion triggered more fast RT than negative emotion in planning complex motor program. Possible explanations for the performance differences depended on emotion are discussed and future research directions were provided.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.101-104
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• 2009

This study investigated compensatory mechanisms in the brain during a verbal working memory task among people with Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD). A total of 21 college male students participated in the study: eleven AUD participants and 10 normal controls. Study participants were asked to complete the Korean version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (K-WAIS-III) prior to the fMRI experiment. Verbal 0-back and 2-back tasks were used to assess brain activities of the participants' verbal working memory. Brain scanning was performed on Siemens SONATA 1.5T Scanner while participants were performing the 0-back and 2-back tasks. Within the AUD group, participants with greater dependency to alcohol (based on DSM-IV criteria) in the past 1 year showed lower mean score on the 'Similarities' of the K-WAIS-III (r=-0.63, p<0.05, N=11). The more participants experienced alcohol withdrawal symptoms in the past 1 year, the lower the score they received on the K-WAIS-III 'Picture Arrangement' (r=-0.69, p<0.05, n=11). The fMRI regression results showed that individuals who present greater degree of alcohol dependency symptoms are likely to show greater brain activation in the bilateral middle frontal gyri (BA 9) during the verbal working memory task. The degree of alcohol withdrawal symptoms were associated with increased brain activation in the left superior and middle frontal gyri (BA8), left precentral gyrus (BA 6), and left inferior parietal lobule (BA 40). The study findings showed that the degree of alcohol abuse/dependence and withdrawal symptoms were associated with decreased cognitive function and increased activations in brain regions particularly important for abstract reasoning (BA 9), central executive (BA 9), or spatial storage (BA 40) during a working memory task. Therefore, these results could support previous studies suggesting that the neural system of people with ADD may adopt a brain compensatory mechanism to maintain normal level of cognitive functions.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.23-32
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• 2017

Although previous studies have emphasized factors affecting people's variety-seeking behavior, research has not been performed to examine the interaction effect of good-bad luck and embodied cognition (hand washing) on variety-seeking behavior. Experience of good and bad luck affects consumer information processing and hand washing is known to reverse the experience of luck. Understanding the interaction effect of good/bad luck and hand washing on variety seeking behavior will shed important light on consumer behavior including choice and product purchase. To do this, a study was performed to investigate the effects of good/bad luck priming and hand washing on variety seeking behavior. Participants were primed with good or bad luck and then were asked to either wash their hands or not. After that, they were led to choose yogurt for the next seven days and the dependent measure was the number of different tastes of yogurt participants picked up. An interaction effect of luck priming and hand washing was found. Results indicate that, in good luck condition, there was no difference in variety seeking behavior between hand washing participants and non-hand washing participants. However, in bad luck condition, hand washing participants chose less diverse tastes of yogurt than non-hand washing participants. Implications of the study findings for the field of consumer psychology and marketing are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.630-641
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was designed to construct a model which explains drug misuse behaviors in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: The design of this research is a cross-sectional study using structure equation modeling. The hypothetical model consisted of two types of variables: the exogenous variables of health status, cognitive ability, and negative emotion, and the endogenous variables of number of drugs, and drug misuse behaviors. The data collection was conducted from September 2 to September 21, 2013 through self-report questionnaires. Participants were 320 community-dwelling adults over the age of 65 living in J city. Data were analyzed with SPSS 21.0 program and Amos 18.0 program. Results: The results of the model fitness analysis were satisfied. The predictor variables for the hypothetical model explained 62.3% of variance regarding drug misuse behaviors. Drug misuse behaviors were directly affected by health status, cognitive ability, negative emotion and number of drugs and indirectly affected by health status, and negative emotion through number of drugs. Conclusion: These findings indicate factors that should be used in developing effective nursing interventions for safe and proper drug use and the prevention of drug misuse behaviors in community-dwelling older adults.