• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.123-136
• /
• 2012

Diseases caused by begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae, genus Begomovirus) constitute a serious constraint to tropical and sub-tropical agro-ecosystems worldwide. In recent years, they have also introduced in temperate regions of the world where they have great impact and are posing a serious threat to a variety of greenhouse crops. Begomoviral diseases can in extreme cases reduce yields to zero leading to catastrophic losses in agriculture. They are still evolving and pose a serious threat to sustainable agriculture across the world, particularly in tropics and sub-tropics. Till recently, there have been no records on the occurrence of begomoviral disease in South Korea, however, the etiology of other plant viral diseases are known since last century. The first begomovirus infected sample was collected from sweet potato plant in 2003 and since then there has been gradual increase in the begomoviral epidemics specially in tomato and sweet potato crops. So far, 48 begomovirus sequences originating from various plant species have been submitted in public sequence data base from different parts of the country. The rapid emergence of begomoviral epidemics might be with some of the factors like evolution of new variants of the viruses, appearance of efficient vectors, changing cropping systems, introduction of susceptible plant varieties, increase in global trade in agricultural products, intercontinental transportation networks, and changes in global climatic conditions. Another concern might be the emergence of a begomovirus complex and satellite DNA molecules. Thorough understanding of the pathosystems is needed for the designing of effective managements. Efforts should also be made towards the integration of the resistant genes for the development of transgenic plants specially tomato and sweet potato as they have been found to be widely infected in South Korea. There should be efficient surveillance for emergence or incursions of other begomoviruses and biotypes of whitefly. This review discusses the general characteristics of begomoviruses, transmission by their vector B. tabaci with an especial emphasis on the occurrence and distribution of begomoviruses in South Korea, and control measures that must be addressed in order to develop more sustainable management strategies.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2018

The latest cyber attack utilizing advanced technologies is more rapidly advancing than developing speed of defense technology, thereby escalates the security risk. In responding to this recent threat, academia and industries are developing some sophisticated security technologies applying various methods. Based on these technologies, security systems are used in many fields. This article aims to select noticeable network security related technologies for the security systems. In particular, we compared and analyzed the trend, performance, and functions of both foreign and domestic technologies in regard to UTM having the largest portions among network security systems so far. We will also discuss the prospect for the change in network infrastructure due to the emergence of the next-generation network technology.

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.15 no.7
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2015

Recently, the Internet of Things is an important technology with a Cloud computing services and a Big data in the IT fields. and The Internet of Things is widely used in various industries. This trend may be referred to as the emergence of significant based technologies for realizing a ubiquitous times. But the security problems of Internet of things are expected to increase with being realized in a variety of industries. and it will be have to provide a corresponding technology to the security threat for this. Therefore, this paper will be analyzed to the security threats of the Internet of Things by the cases. Thereby this is expected to be utilized as a basis for the countermeasure of Internet of Things in a future.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.42.1-42.6
• /
• 2023

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is one of the most important emerging transboundary diseases. Recently, LSD has emerged in many countries in the northern hemisphere. The LSD virus has a huge genome and is highly resistant to environmental conditions. The virus is also host-specific and large ruminants, such as cattle and domestic water buffalo, are particularly susceptible. In addition, wild ruminants can serve as potential reservoirs for spreading the LSD virus. The emergence might be related to climate change in various regions because LSD is an arthropod-borne infectious disease. This disease causes enormous economic losses, such as leather damage, decreased milk production, abortion, and death in infected ruminants. The economic importance of LSD in the bovine industry has forced countries to develop and implement control strategies against the disease. With the recent global spread and the economic impact, LSD will be discussed intensively. In addition, effective preventive measures are suggested based on the presence or absence of LSD outbreaks.

• CELLMED
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.21.1-21.8
• /
• 2020

Over a span of few decades, the world has seen the emergence of new viruses that have posed serious problems to global health .COVID-19 is a major pathogenic threat to the modern world that primarily shoots the respiratory system of human beings. Wuhan which is the capital city of Hubei, China was the first place in the world where first cases of COVID-19 emerged and the scores of cases significantly increased at an immense rate leading to city isolation and establishment of new specially designed hospitals. SARS-CoV had emerged from bats in china (2002) and MERS-CoV from camels transmitted via bats in Middle East (2012) where the previous versions of COVID-19 took place. Infections with SARS-CoV-2 are now widespread, like Nuclear Chain Reaction (NRC). In this review we will discuss the COVID-19 origin, transmission, incubation, diagnosis and therapies available at the present scenario.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.53 no.3
• /
• pp.329-333
• /
• 2015

The emergence of dirofilarial infections in Asia including Vietnam is a clinically significant threat to the community. We here report a rare case of subcutaneous Dirofilaria repens infection on the posterior thoracic wall in a young woman presenting a painful, itchy, and palpable nodule. The adult worm was identified by mitochondrial cox1 and nuclear ITS-2 sequence determination. The diagnosis was additionally confirmed by 16S rRNA sequencing of the endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis commonly co-existing with D. repens. This is a rare case of subcutaneous human infection on the posterior thoracic region caused by D. repens.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.1611-1625
• /
• 2019

The emergence of new technologies and devices brings a new environment in the field of cyber security. It is not easy to predict possible security threats about new environment every time without special criteria. In other words, most malicious codes often reuse malicious code that has occurred in the past, such as bypassing detection from anti-virus or including additional functions. Therefore, we are predicting the security threats that can arise in a new environment based on the history of repeated malicious code. In this paper, we classify and define not only the internal information obtained from malicious code analysis but also the features that occur during infection and attack. We propose a method to predict and manage security threats in new environment by continuously managing and extending.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.253-259
• /
• 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent diseases in modern society, constituting a serious threat to global health. Currently, routine clinical screening and early removal of precancerous polyps are the most successful methods for reducing CRC incidence and mortality. However, the high cost and invasive detection of sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy limited the CRC-screening participation and prevention. The emergence of biosensors provides an inexpensive, sensitive, less invasive tool for detecting CRC disease biomarkers. This review highlights some of recent efforts made on developing biosensors with electrochemical and optical techniques targeting CRC specific protein biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis, potential applications, and future perspectives.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2022

The main purpose of the study is to determine the key aspects of the mechanisms of state management of the exchange of information about cyberattacks, cyber incidents, and information security incidents. The methodology includes a set of theoretical methods. Modern government, on the one hand, must take into account the emergence of such a new weapon as cyber, which can break various information systems, can be used in hybrid wars, influence political events, pose a threat to the national security of any state. As a result of the study, key elements of the mechanisms of state management of the exchange of information about cyberattacks, cyber incidents, and information security incidents were identified.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.28.1-28.25
• /
• 2020

The recent emergence of the novel coronavirus (CoV) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a global threat to human health and economy. As of June 26, 2020, over 9.4 million cases of infection, including 482,730 deaths, had been confirmed across 216 countries. To combat a devastating virus pandemic, numerous studies on vaccine development are urgently being accelerated. In this review article, we take a brief look at the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 in comparison to SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoVs and discuss recent approaches to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccine development.