• 약학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2003

The hair cycle consists of three phases, growth (anagen), involution (catagen) and quiescence (telogen) phases. In order to evaluate hair re-growth effect of herbal extracts mixture containing the 70％ ethanol extracts of Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Mori Cortex Radicis, Gingko Biloba Folium and Pine bud, we have examined the induction of the anagen phase and/or elongation of the anagen period using C3H mice. Morphological examination was done by Hattori' and Ogawa's method. Enzyme activities of ${\gamma}$-glutamyl transpeptidase (${\gamma}$-GT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was detected by Bessey-Lovry-Brock's method. Enzyme activity as a biochemical marker of hair cycle was investigated in the third hair cycle period of C3H mice after depilation. 3％ Minoxidil treated group and herbal extract mixture treated group were shown 3 days earlier initiation of anagen than control group. In cycling mouse skin, ${\gamma}$-GT activity is pronounced during anagen and greatly diminished during telogen. Herbal extract mixture has shown promising hair re-growth effect on hair follicular cycles of C3H mice.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.493-499
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• 2002

We investigated the antitumor activity of oregonin, a diarylheptanoid derivative purified from Alnus hirsuta Turcz, Betulaceae. Oregonin is a potential novel immunomodulator, which augments the activation of natural killer (NK) cells, and thereby leads to a powerful antitumor activity. To evaluate the cytotoxicity of oregonin against tumor cells, we examined the effectiveness of NK cells and determined that oregonin could increase NK cell cytotoxicity. This was confirmed by MTT assay. In addition, the survival time of C57BL/6 mice were measured by inoculating 816-F10 melanoma cells to mice via intra muscular (i.m.) injection. Oregonin treatment after 10 hours of inoculation at 10 mg/kg dosage showed a significant extension of survival time by up to 51.32%, when compared to the control group. Moreover, oregonin significantly reduced the incidence of pulmonary metastasis, which may be developed from 816-F10 melanoma cells. These findings suggest that oregon in may be classified as a new and novel immunomodulator due to its potential antitumor activity.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

The effects of liquid phase ozonation on seed dormant alleviation and subsequent seedling growth were studied using two plant seeds of Indian jointvetch (Aeschynomene indica L.) and Indian mallow (Abutilon avicennae Gaertn.). At a constant ozone concentration ($80g/m^3$), contact time varied from 10 to 60 min with 10 min interval. Germination rate, root length, and specific root length were compared after 3-day incubation on gel-medium. The germination rate increased significantly (p<0.05) in the 50 min treatment of Indian mallow by 30% compared to the control. Enhanced root elongation was observed in the seeds of 30 min treatment of Indian jointvetch and 30~50 min treatment of Indian mallow. Specific root length, an indicator of environmental change, did not show significant changes, suggesting the level of ozone treatment has no adverse effect on seedling development. The results indicate that liquid phase seed ozonation can be an effective on-site germination alleviation method in the application of phytoremediation.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2004년도 International Conference Global Environmental Problems and their Health Consequences
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• pp.207-209
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• 2004

This study was performed to estimate the effects of salinity and washing of food wastes on temperature, pH, and salinity in aerobic composting of food wastes. Weight ratios of food wastes to water in washing were 1:0(Control), 1:1(W-1), 1:2(W-2), 1:3(W-3) and 1:4(W-4), respectively. Ratios of food wastes to wood chips in reactor of Control, W-1, W-2, W-3 and W-4 were 5kg:5L, respectively. Reactors were operated for 24 days with 1 hour stirring by 1 rpm and 2 hours aeration per day. The increase in the ratio of food wastes to water used in washing resulted in the decrease of the highest reaction temperature and the elongation of the high temperature reaction period. The lowering of the ratio of food wastes to water used in washing resulted in faster pH increase The final salinities of Control, W-1, W-2, W-3 and W-4 were 0.95%, 0.73%, 0.65%, 0.57% and 0.41%, respectively.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

This study was performed to estimate the effects of washing of food wastes on temperature, pH, weight and volume reduction and salinity in aerobic composting of food wastes. Weight ratios of food wastes to water in washing were 1:0(Control), 1:1 (W-1), 1:2(W-2), 1:3(W-3) and :4(W-4), respectively. Ratios of food wastes to wood chips in reactor of Control, W-1, W-2, W-3 and W-4 were 5 kg:5 1, respectively. Reactors were operated for 24 days with 1 hour stirring by 1 rpm and 2 hours aeration per day. The increase in the ratio of food wastes to water used in washing resulted in the decrease of the highest reaction temperature and the elongation of the high temperature reaction period. The lowering of the ratio of food wastes to water used in washing resulted in faster pH increase and the steady state in the weight reduction rate and the volume reduction rate of composts. The final salinities of Control, W-1, W-2, W-3 and W-4 were 0.95%, 0.73％, 0.65%, 0.57％ and 0.41％, respectively.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.163-165
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• 1999

The study was conducted to find the critical concentrations of zinc toxicity and to determine the changes of the contents of free proline and organic acids with treatment of different zinc chloride concentrations during rice germination and seedlings grown for seven days. The concentration of zinc chloride, 140 ppm, inhibited root elongation as much as 46 times compared with the control, and the germination rate was also decreased in all treatments of zinc chloride, showing that the germination rate decreased more with increasing concentrations of zinc chloride. Its rate was only 13% with treatment of 140 ppm zinc chloride. The content of free proline with treatment of zinc chloride, 140 ppm, was highest about 4,873 $\mu$M at 3 days compared with the control. Malic acid concentration with treatment of zinc chloride, 140 ppm, increased to approximately 4 times compared to the control. Citric and succinic acid content were also slightly increased in all treatments of zinc chloride.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.719-727
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• 2010

낮은 광도는 시클라멘($Cyclamen$ $persicum$ Mill.)의 지상부 신장을 촉진하여 분화의 품질을 떨어뜨리는데, 그 정도는 발육단계와 환경요인에 따라 달라지는 것으로 보인다. 저광도에 대한 엽병의 신장 반응 양상을 알아보기 위해, 유년상(전개엽 5-6매), 전이상(화아 1-3개) 및 성년상(화경 신장 중인 화아 1-3개)의 'Metis Scarlet Red' 시클라멘을 선별하여 명기/암기의 온도가 16/12(저온, LT), 22/18(중온, MT), 28/$24^{\circ}C$ (고온, HT)로 유지되는 대형 생장상의 생장 모듈 내에서 생장시켰다. 생장 모듈은 명기 동안 두 가지 광도조건[60(저광, LL), 240(고광, HL) ${\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PPFD]으로 유지되었다. 실험 I에서는 MT 생장상에서 유년상의 식물체를 LL 또는 HL 모듈에 4주 동안 계속 두거나 처리 1, 2, 3주후 다른 광도의 모듈로 상호 이동시킨 후 신장 반응을 조사하였다. 실험II에서는 MT 생장상에서, 유년상, 전이상, 그리고 성년상의 식물체를 LL 모듈에 넣은 지 0, 3, 6, 9, 12일째에 HL 모듈로 옮기고 21일째에 신장 반응을 조사하였다. 실험 III에서는 LT, MT, HT 생장상에서 전이상의 식물체를 LL 모듈에 넣은 지 0, 3, 6, 9, 12일째에 HL 모듈로 옮기고 21일째에 신장 반응을 조사하였다. LL 노출시간이 0-4주까지 또는 0-12일까지 증가할수록 엽병장과 초장은 모든 온도 조건과 발육단계에서 증가하였다. 4주간 처리된 실험 I에서 후기의 LL 노출이 전기의 노출보다 엽병의 신장속도를 증가시켰다. 실험 II에서, 처리기간 12일 중 초기의 엽병 신장 양상을 보면 전이상 식물체가 유년상이나 성년상보다 LL에 더 민감하게 반응하였다. 실험 III에서, 온도가 증가할수록, 그리고 LL노출시간이 길어질수록 시클라멘의 엽병장은 증가하였다. HT에서의 엽병 신장 속도는 LT와 비교하여 LL처리 초기부터 빠르게 증가하였다. 엽병 신장에 있어서 온도 $6^{\circ}C$ 증가는 3일간 LL 노출과 유사한 효과를 보였다. 결론적으로, 시클라멘은 전이상일 때 고온 하에서 더 즉각적으로 저광도에 반응하여 엽병을 신장시킨다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.417-423
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• 2002

명태 단백질을 이용하여 제조한 가식성 필름의 물성을 개선하기 위하여 필름 제조시 가소제 및 가교제 첨가, 그리고 이중필름에 의한 인장강도, 신장률 및 수분 투과도 등의 영향을 검토하였다. 가소제 첨가에 따른 가식성 필름의 인장강도는 PG, sorbitol, PEG 200 및 glycerol의 순으로 높았고, 신장률은 glycerol, sorbitol, PEG 200 및 PG의 순으로 높았으며, 수분투과도는 PG, sorbitol, glycerol 및 PEG 200의 순으로 낮았다. 또한 가소제의 농도가 증가함에 따라 필름의 인장강도는 감소하고 신장률은 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. PG와 PEG 200은 신장률에 큰 영향을 미치지 못하여 명태단백질 필름의 가소제로 적절하지 못하였으며, 인장강도와 신장률이 서로 상반되는 glycerol과 sorbitol을 조합함으로써 필름의 물성을 조절할 수 있었다. 한편, 필름은 상대습도가 높을수록 인장강도는 감소하고 신장률과 평형수분함량은 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. Ascorbic acid, citric acid 및 succinic acid 등의 가교제를 첨가하여 제조한 필름이 가교제 비첨가 필름에 비하여 인장강도와 수분투과도는 증가하고 신장률은 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, ascorbic acid는 $0.2%$, citric acid는 $0.1\%$, succinic acid 는 $0.1\%$ 첨가하는 것이 바람직하였다. 명태 단백질과 옥수수 단백질로 제조한 이중필름은 명태 단백질 단독으로 제조한 필름에 비하여 인장강도를 2배 이상 향상시켰고, 수분투과도를 약 $20\~30\%$ 감소시켰다. 한편, 산소투과도는 두 필름간에 차이는 없었으나, polyethylene film에 비하여는 10배 정도 산소차단효과가 우수하였다. 색도를 보면 명태와 옥수수 단백질을 이용하여 제조한 이중필름이 명태 단백질 단독으로 제조한 필름에 비하여 L값과 a값은 낮고 b값과 $\Delta$E값은 높았다

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2010

초장은 절화국의 외적 품질을 결정하는 매우 중요한 요소이다. 본 실험은 단일처리 후 광량의 차이에 따른 절화국화 광합성 효율과 줄기 신장에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 growth chamber내에서 수행되었다. 정식 7일 후 단일처리 (day/night, 11/13h)를 개시하였으며 이때 광량은 LEDs array (blue+red)를 이용하여 60, 100, 140, 그리고 $180mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$로 각각 유지하였다. 본 실험의 결과, 광도의 증가에 따른 순 광합성률은 꾸준히 증가하는 직선 회귀의 상관관계가 있었다. 광도의 차이가 꽃눈 분화의 시기에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 초장, 엽면적, 그리고 건물중 등의 생육은 광도의 증가에 따라 증가 하였으나 140과 $180mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$에서는 처리 간 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과에서 LEDs array를 이용한 $140mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$이상의 광도는 절화국의 줄기 신장에 효과가 없는 것으로 판단되었으며 광도의 증가에 따른 순 광합성률의 증가가 생육의 증가와 일치하지는 않음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2020

In this study, three kinds of metal chills such as SS400, AC4CH and brass, with different thicknesses of 40 ~ 80 mm, were applied for low pressure casting of Al-Si alloy to control cooling rate. The microstructural characteristics with increasing cooling rate were represented using factors including D₁, D₂, size of primary α phases and shape factor and size of eutectic Si. The tensile properties were investigated and additionally analyzed based on the microstructural characteristics. As the cooling rate increased, D₁, D₂, and sizes of primary α phases and eutectic Si apparently decreased and the shape factor of eutectic Si increased to over 0.8. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) increased with decreasing D₁, D₂, and size of primary α phases, while elongation increased with decreasing size of eutectic Si and concurrently increasing shape factor of eutectic Si. This indicated that the primary α phases and eutectic Si in Al-Si alloy were refined with increasing cooling rate, resulting in improvement of UTS and YS without sacrificing elongation. After the tensile test, preferential deformation of primary α phases was observed in the Al-Si alloy produced at higher cooling rates of more than 0.1 K/s.