• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1986

In order to investigate the harmful trace elements in Korean common vegetable, the contents of Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Zinc and Manganese are studied in this paper. As shown in the Table 1, the following vegetable samples collected from the agriculture-marine products market I Seoul were used; root vegetables-potato, sweet potato, carrot, radish, onion and garlic, fruit vegetables-cucumber, pumpkin, green pepper, egg plant, tomato and melon. The contents of the harmful trace elements were determinded by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometry. These elements were extracted from the vegetables with the DDTC-MIBK extraction method. The results were as follows; 1. The average contents of the harmful trace elements in the vegetables were as follows; Root vegetables-Lead, 0.387 ppm; Cadmium, 0.030 ppm; Copper, 1.267 ppm; Zinc, 7.395 ppm; Manganese, 5.380 ppm. Fruit vegetables-Lead, 0.259 ppm; Cadmium, 0.028 ppm; Copper, 1.155 ppm; Zinc, 3.732 ppm; Manganese, 3.532 ppm. 2. The contents of harmful trace elements in vegetables were significantly low compared with foreign standards. This means that vegetables contamination with those harmful trace elements is not significant at present.

• 한국생물정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물정보시스템생물학회 2003년도 제2차 연례학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.268-274
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• 2003

Most currently known molecular structures were determined by X-ray crystallography or Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). These methods generate a large amount of structure data, even far small molecules, and consist mainly of three-dimensional atomic coordinates. These are useful for analyzing molecular structure, but structure elements at higher level are also needed for a complete understanding of structure, and especially for structure prediction. Computational approaches exist for identifying secondary structural elements in proteins from atomic coordinates. However, similar methods have not been developed for RNA due in part to the very small amount of structure data so far available, and extracting the structural elements of RNA requires substantial manual work. Since the number of three-dimensional RNA structures is increasing, a more systematic and automated method is needed. We have developed a set of algorithms for recognizing secondary and tertiary structural elements in RNA molecules and in the protein-RNA structures in protein data banks (PDB). The present work represents the first attempt at extracting RNA structure elements from atomic coordinates in structure databases. The regularities in the structure elements revealed by the algorithms should provide useful information for predicting the structure of RNA molecules bound to proteins.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.37-54
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• 2011

Two semi-analytic solutions for a perturbed two-body problem known as Lagrange planetary equations (LPE) were compared to a numerical integration of the equation of motion with same perturbation force. To avoid the critical conditions inherited from the configuration of LPE, non-singular orbital elements (EOE) had been introduced. In this study, two types of orbital elements, classical Keplerian orbital elements (COE) and EOE were used for the solution of the LPE. The effectiveness of EOE and the discrepancy between EOE and COE were investigated by using several near critical conditions. The near one revolution, one day, and seven days evolutions of each orbital element described in LPE with COE and EOE were analyzed by comparing it with the directly converted orbital elements from the numerically integrated state vector in Cartesian coordinate. As a result, LPE with EOE has an advantage in long term calculation over LPE with COE in case of relatively small eccentricity.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.169-185
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• 1988

Vessel elements in lateral root, tap root, transition region, stem and mid vein of 1-year old, 3-year old and 5-year old ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) are studied with light microscope to clarify the distribution and differentiation of several kinds of vessel elements. Vessel elements are classified into five types such as ring vessel, spiral vessel, scalariform vessel, reticulate vessel and pitted vessel according to the secondary thickenings of cell wall. All of the five types are not observed in each organ, but diverse kinds of vessels are present in stem and mid vein compared with the underground organs such as tap root and lateral root. The length of vessel elements is longest (680$\mu$m) in stem and shortest (143$\mu$m) in tap root. The diameter of vessel elements is 19.0$\mu$m in tap root and the angle of perforation plate comes under 22$^{\circ}$-60$^{\circ}$. The degree of differentiation of vessel elements according to the length, diameter and angle of perforation plate of vessel elements is highest in tap root regardless of the age of ginseng. Three types of perforation plate such as scalariform, intermediate type of simple and scalariform, and simple perforation plate are observed. The vascular tracheids are characteristically observed in mid vein of 1-year old ginseng, and in transition region of 3 and 5-year old ginseng.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.193-211
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• 2008

이 연구는 디지털 도서관에 실제로 사용된 메타데이터의 요소와 활용을 분석하여 의미적 상호운용성 향상 요인을 고찰하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 그린스톤 기반의 78종의 디지털 도서관에서 실제로 사용한 메타데이터 요소를 동질 정보 커뮤니티로 세분하여 분석하였다. 동질 정보 커뮤니티내 디지털 도서관에서 사용된 메타데이터 요소를 크로스워킹하고. 각 요소들의 활용 및 활용 수준을 분석하였다 그 결과 동일 정보 커뮤니티 내에서 중복되는 핵심 메타데이터 요소는 25% 미만으로 나타났다. 이들 핵심 메타데이터 요소는 요소 명칭과 활용에 있어서 불일치하는 문제점이 고찰되었으며, 메타데이터 요소 활용의 수준에 있어서도 무결점과 완결성 면에서 상이한 측면이 밝혀졌다.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.323-327
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• 2008

We investigated the quench characteristics of a flux-lock type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) depending on the methods of the serial and parallel connections between the superconducting elements. The flux-lock type SFCL consists of two coils. The primary coil is wound in parallel to the secondary coil through an iron core, and the secondary coil is connected to the superconducting elements in series and parallel. In this paper, the analyses of voltage, current, and resistance of the superconducting elements connected in serial and parallel were performed to increase the power capacity of the flux-lock type SFCL. A part of the superconducting elements was not quenched in $2{\times}2$ serial connection between the elements and then the power burden of the quenched elements was increased. However the elements with $2{\times}2$ parallel connection was all quenched. This means that the power burden of each superconducting element can be reduced under the same conditions. We found that $2{\times}2$ parallel connection was more profitable for the current limiting effects and the increase of the power capacity.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.1506-1513
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• 2010

게임 소프트웨어는 재미의 요소를 기반으로 한 고부가가치 산업이다. 성공적인 게임 소프트웨어 개발을 위해서는 재미에 대한 체계적인 분류와 탐색방법이 필요하다. 그러나 아직까지 '재미'에 대한 각기 다른 관점과 정의로 인하여 게임에서의 '재미'는 게임 기획자의 '경험'에 의해 단정지어지고 있으며 개발계획에서 어떤 재미요소가 고려되어야 하는지에 대한 모호함을 지니고 있다. 본 연구에서는 체계적인 분류를 위해 기존 문헌에서 발췌한 50개의 재미요소를 통계적 기법으로 분류 및 체계화하여 9개의 그룹 34개의 재미요소로 구조화하였다 이를 로제카이와의 놀이론을 적용하여 누락된 영역을 탐색하고, 탐색된 영역의 새로운 재미요소를 관련 웹 사이트에서 추출하여 1개 그룹 4개의 재미요소를 탐색하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.163-171
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• 1996

For the effective analysis of two dimensional plane problems, Treffiz finite elements and cavity elements have been proposed. These element matrix equaitons were formulated on the basis of hybrid variational principle and Treffiz function sets derived consitstently from the complex theoy of plane elasticity. In order to suggest the accuracy chatacteristics of the proposed Treffiz elements typical plane problems were analyzed and these results were compared with ones obtained by using the conveintional displacement type elements. The accuracy of the proposed elements is less sensitive to the element size and shape than the conventional displacement type elements. These elements, being able to be formed with multi-nodes, give the convenient modeling of an analytic domain. The cavity elements give the comparatively exact values of stress concentration factors of stress intensity factors and can be effectively used for the analysis of mechanical stuctures containing various cavities.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.72-82
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to provide preliminary data for competitive dominance in an institutional foodservice environment. Data were collected from 85 experts and practitioners on customer-oriented service contact elements and contact fields in the foodservice industry. PASW Statistics ver.18 and MS Excel were used for data analysis. From the pilot study, 67 service contact-elements were derived. Contribution rate analysis and frequency analysis in each contact field were performed in order to categorize four factors, including environment-oriented contact, product-oriented contact, service-oriented contact, and image-oriented contact fields. Thirty three contact elements were derived, and environment-oriented contact consisted of eight contact-elements (cleanliness of restaurant/kitchen, etc.), product-oriented contact consisted of twelve contact-elements (food taste, etc.), service-oriented contact consisted of seven contact-elements (service quality, etc.), and image-oriented contact consisted of six contact-elements (image/reputation, etc.). The results of study will be useful to develop an effective marketing program for competitive dominance in an competitive foodservice industry environment.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2002

Although the finite element method has become an indispensible tool for the dynamic analysis of structures, difficulty remains to quantify the errors associated with discretization. To improve the modeling accuracy, this paper proposes a method to make a combined use of finite elements and exact dynamic elements. Exact interpolation functions for the Timoshenko beam element are derived using the exact dynamic element modeling (EDEM) and compared with interpolation functions of the finite element method (FEM). The exact interpolation functions are tested with the Laplace variable varied. A combined use of finite element method and exact interpolation functions is presented to gain more accurate mode shape functions. This paper also presents a combined use of finite elements and exact dynamic elements in design/reanalysis problems. Timoshenko flames with tapered sections are tested to demonstrate the design procedure with the proposed method. The numerical study shows that the combined use of finite element model and exact dynamic element model is very useful.