• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.2 s.85
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• pp.135-143
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• 1998

Contour-clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis was used to establish electrophoretic karyotype for 10 species of Fusarium sections Sporotrichiella, Liseola, Gibbosum, Discolor and Martiella. Intact chromosomal DNA was isolated from fungal protoplast and separated under various conditions according to their size in order to improve DNA separation. The numbers of chromosome-sized DNA molecules for individual species ranged from 5-13, with individual chromosomes ranging from 0.78 Mb to 7.20 Mb in size. The total genome DNA size of each species was estimated at about 18.32 Mb to 48.20 Mb. Comparison of karyotype profiles following Southern hybridization analysis with a randomly selected genomic probe of F. oxysporum formae speciales litii was carried out.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.334-338
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• 1995

The electrophoretic karyotypes of 6 species in different Fusarium sections were examined by using contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) gel electrophoresis. Intact chromosomal DNA was prepared from protoplasts and up to 9 distinct bands were separated on 0.7% or 0.8% agarose gel under several different conditions. Putative chromosome numbers varied from 6 to 9 amd polymorphic karyotypes were observed in different Fusarium sections. Using Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomes as standards, the sizes of the Fusarium spp. chromosomes were estimated. The electrophoretic karyotypes of F. moniliforme and F. subglutinans (section Liseola) were similar. Unidentified filamentour fungi, F. beomiforme was much closer to F. axysporum (section Elecgans) in karyotype and the karyotypes of F. napiforme were more similar to those of section Liseola than any other sections. F. graminearum (section Discolor) had a distinctive electrophoretic karyotype.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.192-196
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• 1999

CHEF-PFGE(Contour-Clarnped Homogeneous Electric field- Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis) was used to identify electrophoretic karyotype for eight strains belonging to the Fzisoriuni section Liseolo. Chromosome numbers were nine to thirteen bands, ranging in size Cram 0.75 to 6.45 Mb. The total genome size was eslimated to range from 38.19 Mb to 43.12 Mb and numerous chromosome-length polymorphisms (CLPs) were observed. For the chromosome localizalion of the gene, 1GS sequence(2.6 Kb) of rDNA from F: moniliforme, chs-2 gene(2.8 Kb) and 4 - 3 gene(3.8 Kb) from Neuuospora cmssa were wed as probes.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.258.1-258
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• 1994

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1995.10b
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• pp.315.2-315
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• 1995

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1995.10b
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• pp.329.1-329
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• 1995

No Abstract, See Full Text

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.2 s.89
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• pp.112-118
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• 1999

Strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici isolated from Korea, Japan and U.S.A. were used for electrophoretic karyotype (EK) analysis. Chromosome separations on FastLane agarose gels (FMC BioProducts, Rockland, ME), called pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), were performed by CHEF-DRII apparatus (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Melville, NY) using TAE as a running buffer. To obtain optimal condition for separation of chromosome sized DNAs, variable running conditions such as field strengths, swithching intervals, and running time were applied in CHEF gel electrophoresis. We were able to resolve 9 to 11 chromosome sized DNAs ranging in size from 0.76 to 6.41 Mb in isolates from Korea and estimate that the total genome size was ranging from 35.29 to 38.92 Mb. Distinct differences in length range and genome size exist among isolates from different countries. Isolates from Japan and U.S.A. were resolved 9 to 11 chromosome sized DNAs ranging in size from 1.24 to 6.85 Mb and estimated that the total genome size was ranging from 35.32 to 43.87 Mb. Isolates from variable provinces in Korea had the same or similar chromosomal polymorphism and showed different chromosomal DNA patterns compared to isolates from the other countries.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.132-135
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• 1995

To investigate the electrophoretic karytype of Fusarium oxysporum, intact chromosomal DNA was separated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PEGE). DNA extraction from nulcei, mycelia and protoplasts were compared with one another and with the quantity and the suitability for PFGE separation in agarose gel. As a result, the most useful extracting method for intact DNA was found to be that from protoplasts. By varying the electrophoretic conditions, 8 chromosomal DNA bounds were resolved. Using the Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as size standards, the size of Fusarium oxysporum chromosomes was estimated to range from approximately 0.6 Mb TO 6.7 Mb, and total genome size was 26.7 Mb. The suitability of electrophoretic karyotyping as a tool for strain characterization is discussed.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.63-66
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• 2014

The karyotype of F. velutipes Korean cultivar, Fv 3-6, was compared with those of Japanese cultivars, Fv 0-1, Fv 1-5, Fv 11-1, by CHEF gel electrophoresis. The Korean cultivar, Fv 3-6, showed the difference from the three Japanese cultivars in number and size of chromosomes; the Fv 3-6 had two and one more chromosomes then Fv 0-1 and Fv 11-4, and Fv 1-5 had, respectively. The karyotyping by CHEF gel electrophoresis is quite suitable to define new Korean cultivars against Japanese cultivars.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.13-13
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• 2014

Two kinds of mushrooms, Gumji (金芝; Ganoderma) and Soji, were described in old book of Samguksagi (History of the three kingdoms; B.C 57~A.D 668; written by Bu Sik Kim in 1145) in Korea-dynasty. Many kinds of mushrooms were also described in more than 17 kinds of old books during Chosun-dynasty (1392~1910) in Korea. Nowadays, mushroom cultivation has been increased through out the world last decade years. Production of mushrooms has also been increased 10-20% and many varieties have been cultivated. Similar trends were also observed in Korea. Approximately two hundred commercial strains of 37 species in mushrooms were developed and distributed to cultivators. Somatic hybrid variety of oyster mushroom 'Wonhyeong-neutari' were developed by protoplast fusion, and distributed to grower in 1989. The fruiting body yield index of somatic hybrids of Pleurotus ranged between 27 and 155 compared to parental values of 100 and 138. In addition, more diverse mushroom varieties such as Phellinus baumi, Auricularia spp., Pleurotus ferulae, Hericium erinaceus, Hypsizigus marmoreus, Grifola frondosa, Agrocybe aegerita and Pleurotus cornucopiae have been attempted to cultivate in small scale cultivation. Production of mushrooms as food was 190,111 metric tons valued at 800 billion Korean Won (one trillion won if include mushroom factory products; 1dollar = 1,040 Won) in 2011. Major cultivated species are Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Flammulina velutipes, Lentinula edodes, Agaricus bisporus, and Ganoderma lucidum, which cover 90% of total production. Since mushroom export was initiated from 1960 to 1980, the export and import of mushrooms have been increased in Korea. Technology developed for liquid spawn production and automatic cultivation systems lead to the reduction of the production cost resulting in the increasement of mushroom export. However some species were imported because of high production cost for these mushrooms requiring the effective cultivation methods. Developing of effective post-harvest system will be also directly related to mushroom export. In academic area, RDA scientists have been conducting mushroom genome projects. One of the main results is the whole genome sequencing of Flammulina velutipes for molecular breeding. An electrophoretic karyotype of of F. velutipes was obtained using CHEF with 7 chromosomes, with a total genome size of approximately 26.7 Mb. The mususcript of the genome of F. velutipes was published in PLOS ONE this year. For medicinal mushrooms, we have been conducting the genome research on Cordyceps and its related species for developing functional foods using this mushroom. In 2013, Korea Food and Drug Administraion (KFDA) approved Cordyceps mushroom for its value as an immune booster.