• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.495-499
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• 2020

Power factor improvement at high temperatures has been a major research topic for the development of skutterudite thermoelectric materials. Here, we attempted to optimize the process parameters for manufacturing skutterudite materials, especially for p-type systems. We focused on the effect of aging time variation to maximize the high-temperature performance of the Ce-filled Fe³CoSb¹² skutterudite system. The optimized aging time was concluded to be a key parameter for the formation of single-phase nanostructures in this p-type skutterudite system. The optimized condition was effective in reducing the bipolar effect at high temperature ranges by increasing the carrier concentration in the p-type system. To confirm the conclusions, the electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and power factor were measured. The results matched well with the microstructure and with those of an XRD analysis performed for the system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.1530-1533
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• 2005

Total 12 units of high power klystron-modulator systems as microwave source is under operation for 2.5-GeV electron linear accelerator in Pohang Light Source(PLS) linac. RF power and beam power of klystron are precisely measured for the effective control of electron beam. A precise measurement and measurement equipment with good response characteristics are required for this. Input power of klystron is calculated from the applied voltage and the current on its cathode. Tiny measurement error severely effects RF output power value of klystron. Therefore, special care is needed to measure precise beam voltage. Capacitive voltage divider(CVD) unit is intended for the measurement of beam voltage of 400 kV generated from the pulsed klystron-modulator system. Main parameter to determine the standard capacitance in the high arm of CVD is dielectric constant of insulation oil. Therefore CVD should be designed to have a minimum capacitance variation due to voltage, frequency and temperature in the measurement range. This paper will discuss the analysis of capacitive voltage divider for a pulsed high-voltage measurement, and the empirical relations between capacitance and oil temperature variation.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.39-46
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• 2014

Hydraulic conductivity is an important parameter, representing permeable property of the groundwater in aquifers, in the issues of groundwater development, groundwater contamination, and groundwater flow, etc. We estimated a relationship between hydraulic conductivity and electrical properties (formation factor, chargeability, and time constant) of silty sand in the laboratory. For this study, we conducted grain size analysis, constant head permeameter test, and measured electrical resistivity and spectral induced polarization of silty sand samples collected from the riverside alluvium of the Nakdong River in Nogok-ri area, Dasan-myeon, Goryeong-gun in Gyeongbook Province, Korea. In the laboratory test, we used soil samples of approximately uniform porosity with 0.5% error range, and kept the electrical resistivity of pore water with 100 ohm-m. As a result, the relationship between effective particle size and hydraulic conductivity agrees fairly well with the existing empirical formulas. Hydraulic conductivity was correlated with formation factor, chargeability, and time constant: hydraulic conductivity increased with increasing formation factor and time constant as well as with decreasing chargeability.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.274-279
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• 1996

Diffusion coefficient is a critical parameter for predicting radiological source term(migration rate and flux of radionuclide) through given near field conditions in spent fuel or high level waste repository. The effect of exchangeable cation-$Na^+$ and $Ca^{2+} - on the diffusion of $I^- \;and^3H$ (as HTO) in compacted bentonite was examined using a through-diffusion method. Bentonite material used here was compacted to a density of 1.3 Mg/m$^3$, and Na-bentonite was saturated with a solution of 100 mol NaCl/m$^3$ and Ca-bentonite with 50 $mol\;CaCl_2$/m$^3$. The results show that effective diffusion coefficients are generally higher by a factor of two to five in Ca-than Na-clay. This is attributed to the larger particle size of Ca-compared to Na-bentonite; hence, Ca-bentonite has a greater proportion of relatively large pores, which make a greater contribution to mass transport than small pores. Although the nature of the exchangeable cation affects mass diffusion in compacted bentonite, the effect is small and not likely to influence performance assessment modeling of compacted bentonite-based barriers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 2010

A pilot-scale biological aerated filter (BAF) was operated with an anaerobic, anoxic and oxic zone at $23{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. The influent sCOD and total nitrogen concentrations in the feedwater were approximately 250 mg/L and 35 mg N/L, respectively. sCOD removal at optimum hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3 hours with recirculation rates of 100, 200 and 300% in the column was more than 96%. Total nitrogen removal was consistently above 80% for 4 and 6 hours HRT at 300% recirculation. For 3 hours HRT and 300% recirculation, total nitrogen removal was approximately 79%. Based on fitting results, the kinetic parameter values on nitrification and denitrification show that as recirculation rates increased, the rate of ammonia and nitrate transformation increased. The ammonium loading rates for maximum ammonium removed were 0.15 and 0.19 kg $NH_3$-N/$m^3$-day for 100% and 200% recirculation, respectively. The experimental results demonstrated that the BAF can be operated at an HRT of 3 hours with 200 - 300% recirculation rates with more than 96 % removal of sCOD and ammonium, and at least 75% removal of total nitrogen.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.623-627
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• 2011

This is a study on the distribution of acoustic emission parameters during a burst test for a type-II CNG vehicle fuel tank. A resonant AE sensor with a central frequency of 150 kHz was attached to the composite materials in the center of the fuel tank. The pressure was increased from 30 to 100% of the expected burst pressure and was maintained for 10 minutes at each level. Damage at 70% of expected burst pressure occurred by various damage mechanisms including fiber breakage and delamination, while that of below 60% only occurred by matrix crack initiation and growth. The count, duration and rise time of the AE signal at 60% of the expected burst pressure are distributed below 500, 5000 ${\mu}s$ and 300 ${\mu}s$, respectively. Then, at above 70% they increased with pressure by superimposing of individual AE signal generated at a nearby place. These results confirmed that the analysis of the distribution of AE parameters is an effective tool for estimating damage of a CNG fuel tank.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2020

The droplet impact behavior is dominated by some parameters such as surface temperature, We number, surface and fluid property. Especially, Leidenfrost effect which prevents the contact between surface and droplet is very powerful phenomenon for determining droplet impact behavior. Due to this effect, the impact regime is divided into contact boiling regime and film boiling regime whether the droplet contact with the surface. Many studies have found that surface micro-structures which processed by surface processing are effective to overcome the Leidenfrost effect. In this study, droplet impact behaviors were compared using ethanol both on flat and laser-ablated Al surface. On the flat surface, impact regime was mainly divided by surface temperature. And there is key dominant parameter for each regime. On the laser-ablated surface, we could see changed impact regime and different impact behavior such as jetting and ejection of tiny droplets despite of same impact conditions.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.685-691
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• 2015

In this work, to identify effective parameter for performance of piezoelectric jetting dispenser, experimental investigation is carried out based on design of experiment. After preparing jetting dispenser using two stack-type piezoelectric actuators, basic working principle of the jetting dispenser is described. Eight operating conditions are chose as main factors and it is assumed that each factor has two levels. To reduce number of experiments for performance evaluation, the experimental sets are designed based on factional factorial design method. Experimental setup is established and the weight of single dot is measured by using precision scale. The main and interaction effects of factors are analyzed using commercial statistical program and optimal operating condition for small amount and small variation of weight of dispensed single dot are determined.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.193-200
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• 1997

Flame spread and heat release properties and incident heat flux of interior materials subject to an igniter heat flux in a compartment are investigated and compared by using computer model. A comer fire ignition source is maintained for 10 minutes at 100 kw and subsequently increased to 300kw. In executing the model, base-line material properties are selected and one is changed for each run. Also 4 different igniter heat flux conditions and examined. Results are compared for the 12 different materials tested by the ISO Room Comer Test (9705). The time for total energy release rate to reach 1MW is examined. The parameters considered include flame heat flux and thermal inertia, lateral flame spread parameter, heat of combustion and effective heat of gasfication. The model can show the importance of each property in causing fire growth on interior Hnish materials in a compartment. The effect of ignitor heat flux and material property effects were demonstrated by using dimensionless parameters a, b and Tb. Results show that for b greater than about zero, flashover time in the ISO Room-Corner test is principally proportional to ignition time and nothing more.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 1991

Multi layer neural network using backpropagation learning algorithm is used to achieve identification and orientation estimation of different classes of aircraft in the variety of 3-D orientations. In-plane distortion invarient$(L,\;{\Phi})$ feature was extracted from each aircraft image to be used for training neural network aircraft classifier. For aircraft identification the optimum structure of the neural network classifier is studied to obtain high classification performance. Effective reductioin of learning time was achieved by using modified backpropagation learning algorithm and varying, learning parameters.