• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to identify the determinants of digital divide according to the characteristics of the elderly. In order to achieve this objective, this study selected elderly people (${\geq}65$ years old) who used a senior welfare center in Chungcheongbuk-do. The survey was conducted using a self-filling survey method for 12 days. Total 289 copies of questionnaires were used for the analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, gender and age among the demographic characteristics were the factors causing the digital divide of the elderly. Second, education level, economic level, Secondly, education level, economic level, health level, and occupation were factors creating the digital divide of the elderly. This study suggested practical and policy implications based on these results.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.345-355
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• 2018

This paper looks into phase plane behavior of the solution near the positive steady-state for the system with prey density dependent response functions. The positive invariance and boundedness property of the solution to the objective model are proved. The existence result of a positive steady-state and asymptotic analysis near the positive constant equilibrium for the objective system are of interest. The results of phase plane analysis for the system are proved by observing the asymptotic properties of the solutions. Also some numerical analysis results for the behaviors of the solutions in time are provided.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.487-501
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• 2019

In this study, steric height variability in the East Asian Seas (EAS) has been analyzed by using ocean reanalysis intercomparison project (ORA-IP) data. Results show that there are significant correlations between ocean reanalysis and satellite data except the phase of annual cycle and interannual signals of the Yellow Sea. Reanalysis ensemble derived from 15-different assimilation systems depicts higher correlation (0.706) than objective analysis ensemble (0.296) in the EAS. This correlation coefficient is also much higher than that of the global ocean (0.441). For the long-term variability of the thermosteric sea level during 1993-2010, a significant warming trend is found in the East/Japan Sea, while cooling trend is shown around the Kuroshio extension area. For the halosteric sea level, a dominant freshening trend is found in the EAS. However, below 300 m depth around this area, the signal-to-noise ratio of the linear trend is generally less than one, which is related to the low density of observation data.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.245-256
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• 2021

Background and objective: The vitalization of urban agriculture has increased various forms of experience-based education using school gardens, which raised the importance of school gardens in terms of value as well as the need to develop an implementation system for education-based agricultural experience service using school gardens. Thus, we reset the evaluation indicators from the previous study to establish objective evaluation indicators that enable quantitative comparison of school garden education services. Methods: Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and direct question (DQ) surveys were conducted on 20 experts from October 12 to 19, 2020 after establishing the purpose and subjects of evaluation, and then the weights were calculated using the Expert Choice 2010 program. Results: First, we analyzed the problems of the previous indicators by categorizing the performance indicators and comparing and verifying them with six requirements of valuation. Then, we added 'welfare values' and established sub-indicators accordingly. The importance of value indicator in AHP was in the order of education values (0.544), health values (0.182), welfare values (0.164), environmental values (0.062), and economic values (0.049). The importance of environmental and economic values was relatively low, less than 0.1. The importance of sub-indicators was highest in cultivating character (0.144), followed by enhancing ecological sensitivity (0.141) > promoting mental health (0.134) > cultivating agricultural literacy (0.120) > improving social skills (0.104). And mitigating climate change in environmental values was lowest (0.009). Increase in income was the lowest (0.036). This can be regarded as the expression of change to increase the educational effect based on collective life and the connotative meaning of 'school'. In the case of DQ, the AHP weight and order were the same, but the environmental and economic values were relatively low, and the result was different from AHP weight. For sub-indicators, the importance in DQ was highest in promoting mental health (0.136), followed by promoting physical health (0.085), ]cultivating character (0.082), social integration (0.072), and enhancing ecological sensitivity (0.071). After reviewing related experts, we came up with 5 evaluation indicators and 16 sub-indicators for school garden education service, which are objective evaluation indicators that enable quantitative comparison. Conclusion: In the future, we will validate the socioeconomic values of school garden education services and contribute to revitalizing school gardens by establishing policy alternatives for effective operation and management of school gardens.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2021

Students must be familiar with clinical skills before starting clinical practice to ensure patients' safety and enable efficient learning. However, performance is mainly tested in the third or fourth years of medical school, and studies using the validity framework have not been reported in Korea. We analyzed the validity of a performance test conducted among second-year students classified into content, response process, internal structure, relationships with other variables, and consequences according to Messick's framework. As results of the analysis, content validity was secured by developing cases according to a pre-determined blueprint. The quality of the response process was controlled by training and calibrating raters. The internal structure showed that (1) reliability by generalizability theory was acceptable (coefficients of 0.724 and 0.786, respectively, for day 1 and day 2), and (2) the relevant domains had proper correlations, while the clinical performance examination (CPX) and objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) showed weaker relationships. OSCE/CPX scores were correlated with other variables, especially grade point average and oral structured exam scores. The consequences of this assessment were (1) making students learn clinical skills and study themselves, while causing too much stress for students due to lack of motivation; (2) reminding educators of the need to apply practical teaching methods and to give feedback on the test results; and (3) providing an opportunity for faculty to consider developing support programs. It is necessary to develop the blueprint more precisely according to students' level and to verify the validity of the response process with statistical methods.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.511-518
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• 2020

4차 산업혁명과 코로나-19를 대비하면서 우리 교육은 소프트웨어 교육을 넘어 소프트웨어 기술을 접목한 AI 교육의 시대로 새로운 배움의 장을 넓혀가고 있다. 본 연구에서는 소프트웨어 교육에서의 학습자 중심 평가 사례를 분석하여 그 효과성을 통해 인공지능 교육의 평가 방향을 고찰해 보려 한다. 컴퓨터 교과를 포함한 비컴퓨터 교과에 학습자 중심 평가를 적용한 사례를 통해 학습자의 학습에 미치는 효과와 학습자 중심 평가의 환경 여건 및 평가 모형 등을 모색하고, 소프트웨어 교육에 학습자 중심 평가 모형을 적용한 사례를 통해 인공지능 교육에서 학습자 중심 평가가 교육 현장에 시사하는 점에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 분석한 결과 학습자 중심 평가는 학습자의 학습 목표 도달에 유의미한 효과를 보였으며, 지능정보기술에 따른 디지털 환경 여건의 구축, 학습자의 평가를 도울 수 있는 객관적 평가 시스템과 객관적 평가 모형이 고안되어질 때 인공지능 교육에서의 학습자 중심평가가 원활하게 이루어질 것이라고 기대한다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.173-200
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• 2020

Objective: The goal of this study was to explore the implementation status of positive behavior support(PBS) for child care and education teachers and special education teachers at inclusive settings, and to investigate support needs of both teachers for improving the implementation of PBS. Methods: This study made up 405 surveys for child care and education teachers and special education teachers in 45 inclusive settings from July to August in 2019. A total of 244 surveys(60.2%) were completed and returned. Results: Special education teachers were statistically higher than child care and education teachers in the implementation of the center based level 1, the small group based level 2, and the individual based level 3 of PBS. In open-ended responses, when implementing PBS, the two groups of teachers had difficulties in getting knowledge about how to instruct preschoolers and implementing PBS. Both groups of teachers wanted the education and the training opportunities for PBS at first, and to 'reduce the teacher-to-child ratio'in the public support system. Conclusion/Implications: Based on the results, suggestions were discussed on how to improve the implementations of PBS of child care and education teachers and special education teachers at inclusive settings.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.173-176
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• 2012

Quality Management is a recent phenomenon. This is applied to products or services, with an objective to deliver high quality, reliable, worthy, enduring, product or service. The process is considered to have four main components: quality planning, quality control, quality assurance and quality improvement. Focusing on quality control and quality assurance leads to achieving quality management or ensures that an organization or product is consistent. In this paper, the applicable international standard for learning services and for the organization for education and training (learning service provider) is discussed and also the procedure to implement the management system.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.69-82
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• 2016

Objective: This study aimed to explore early childhood educators' anxiety regarding science education via Q-methodology. Methods: As the first step, 268 Q samples were collected from resources such as books and research papers related to science education for young children. Through five stages of excluding and modifying, a set of 33 Q statements was finalized. The P sample consisted of 40 early childhood educators and was based on educational levels, years of teaching experiences and types of centers. The collected data were analyzed using QUANL statistical program. Results: The results of this study indicate that science anxiety among early childhood educators are classified into four types, explaining 45.13% of the total variance. Conclusion: We conclude that early childhood educators' science anxiety stems from "preparing educational environment and materials," "instructional methods focused on process and scientific inquiry skills," "lack of understanding regarding early childhood science education," and "simple science avoidance."

• 영재교육연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1011-1032
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• 2011

최근 창의적 융합인재양성을 위해 '예술교육'이 국내외적으로 크게 주목받고 있다. 한편 현재 국제사회에서 '새로운 대안'으로서의 '교육 트랜드'로 주목하고 있는 예술교육의 경향은 과거 전통적 예술교육과는 목적, 내용 및 운영방식 면에서 큰 차이가 있다. 이에 본 연구는 새로운 개념의 국제적 예술교육 동향을 분석 소개함으로써 정부가 현재 추진 중인 초중등학교에서의 예술교육활성화, STEAM과 같은 과학기술분야에서의 예술융합교육 일환으로서의 예술교육의 문제점을 지적하고 향후 시대적, 사회적 요구에 부합하는 바람직한 예술교육의 지향 방향을 제시하였다.