• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47
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• pp.150-162
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• 2002

Perilla, Perilla frutescens. (L.) Britton, is a traditional oil seed crops grown in Korea. The seeds and seed oil is used for edible and some industrial sectors. The seeds of perilla contains 35-54% of a drying oil which is similar to the linseed oil. The fatty acids of seed oil is composed with linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid. The majority of fatty acids of the oil is $\alpha$-linolenic acid proportioned 51-71% of the oil. This high linolenic acid makes it unstable of the oil and owing to the fast oxidation. Therefore, the plant breeders are challenges to develope a new varieties with low linolenic acid for edlible oil and high linolenic acid for industrial uses. Perilla foliage is also used as a potherb. The green leaves contains a special flavor, perilla aldehyde, and some abundant minerals and vitamins. The vitamin C and $\beta$-carotene is more available than lettuce and crown-daisy of which used for similar potherb and vegetables in traditional Korean food table. The authors are reviewed and discussed on the current status and prospects of the quality evaluations and researches in perilla seeds and leaves to provide and refers the condensed informations on their quality.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.370-378
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• 2015

Background : Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus, functional wild vegetable, is perennial herb and young leaves with soft texture are generally used as edible food. So the demand for the vegetable has increased recently. This study was carried out to determine the effects of temperature and shading on germination characteristics of A. dioicus. Methods and Results : The experiment was performed by temperature and shading treatments. Seed pre-treatment before the germination experiment was carried out by the storage in low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) under wet condition (LTW) for 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days and shading treatment were 35%, 50%, and 75% under control, BA (6-benzyladenine) and $GA_3$ (gibberellic acid) condition for 24 hours. Increasing the length of the storage periods led to increases seed germination percent in low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) under wet condition (LTW), germination rate of A. dioicus seed was the highest at $15^{\circ}C$ with 60 days of seed pre-treatment. In the case of seeds pre-treatment with LTW, the more temperature went up, the more days to 50% of Germination of Final Germination Rate ($T_{50}$) went down. As a result of surveying shading treatment, germination rate was the highest in control of 35% shading and the next higher was in control of 50% shading. Conclusions : It is concluded that the temperature and shading are important factors to produce A. dioicus. Also, We suggest these results as basic data of A. dioicus for sexual propagation.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.279-283
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• 2009

A new yellow waxy corn hybrid "Daehakchal Gold 1" was developed from single cross between Yeongdeok Jaera and Okchen Jaera at Chungnam National University in 2007. Inbred CNU57 derived from Yeongdeok Jaera was used as the seed parent of Daehakchal Gold 1, and inbred CNU 27 derived from Okchen Jaera as the pollen parent. Tasseling date of this hybrid was seven day later than that of check hybrid, Chalok 1. Daehakchal Gold 1 was 19.7cm in ear length and 4.5cm in ear diameter. The yield of Daehakchal Gold 1 and check hybrid in dry matter were 146.5g and 113.9g per plant, respectively. On yield trial, which were increased 29.7% compared with a check hybrid, Chalok 1. Especially, Daehakchal Gold 1 had yellow kernels and good eating quality. The ratio of kernel set length/ear length was similar to Chalok 1. It is moderately resistant to Bioporalis maydis and corn borer. The yields of Daehakchal Gold 1 in fresh ear weight and in number of fresh ear were 16% and 8%, respectively, higher than those of a check hybrid in regional yield trials for three years. Seed production of this hybrid has gone well due to good match during crossing between seed and pollen parents.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.657-662
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• 1997

An attempt was made to investigate the chemical compositions of green pumpkin, edible flesh and seed of ripened pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.). The proximate compositions were moisture 9.34%, 11.98%, protein 12.70%, 13.38%, lipid 11.31%, 0.85%, carbohydrate 64.32%, 62.18%, fiber 6.31%, 4.54% and ash 6.05%, 7.76% in green and ripened pumpkin, respectively. The compositions of free sugar were glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose and maltose in green and ripened pumpkin, respectively. During flesh growth, glucose, maltose and lactose was increased but sucrose and fructose was decreased in pumpkin. Pattern of 15 amino acid compositions in green and ripened pumpkin was shown to be of similarity. Major amino acids were glutamic acid, aspartic acid and alanine in green pumpkin and edible flesh of ripened pumpkin. And major amino acid in seed of ripened pumpkin were glutamic acid, arginine, aspartic acid and leucine. The predominant fatty acids were palmitic acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid in green and ripened pumpkin, respectively. And those in seed of ripened pumpkin were linoleic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid. The richest mineral contained in the green and ripened pumpkin was shown to be K and followed by Ca, Mg, Na and Fe in order.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.218-221
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• 2010

'Anyu', a perilla (Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton) cultivar for edible seed was developed by the Department of Functional Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2008. It was originated from the cross between a pedigree of YCPL1824 as a female and SF9225-3-1 as a male parent in 1998. 'Anyu' can be characterized by purple flower color and brown grain color. 'Anyu' showed semi-dwarft type with 120 cm height, and has lodging tolerance. Maturing date of 'Anyu' was September 24, which is 15 days faster than that of 'Saeyeopsil'. The early maturity of this new cultivar showed a great advantage to various planting system with other crops. This new cultivar has high oil content (45%) and high linolenic acid in the fatty acid composition. The yield potential of 'Anyu' was about 0.9 ton/1ha in the regional yield trial.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.159-166
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• 1980

Methods for the determination of sterols in sesame oils were studied. The sesame oils were saponified and the sterols isolated from the unsaponifiable matter by Florisil column chromatography, and the individual components were determined by means of gas chromatography. Campesterol, ${\beta}-sitosterol$, stigmasterol were found in sesame oil including unknown Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The use of SE-30 gas chromatographic column allows the slow elution, duplication of peaks and relatively low reproducibility, therefore, 3% OV-17 was suitable for the sterol analysis. The result of this study showed that contents of sterols in sesame oil were campesterol 8.4%, stigmasterol 4.5%, ${\beta}-sitosterol$ 33.9% and others 53.0% involving 8.8% of unknown I and 44.3% of unknown Ⅱ. There has been no specific test available for identifying the sesame oil among common edible oils. But the ratio of sterols in sesame oils allowed the estimation of genuiness. The ratio of sterols vs. campesterol in genuine sesame oils were stigmasterol 0.3- 0.6, ${\beta}-sitosterol$ 3.0-3.8 and unknown Ⅱ 3.0, respectively. The 65 samples were composed of genuine sesame oil 40%, mixed rape seed oil 3%, cotton seed oil 1. 5% others were reused soybean oil or re-extracted oil.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.315-321
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• 1994

In order to prevent the postharvest decay and to promote the freshness retention of fruits and vegetables grapefruit seed extract(GFSE), natural microorganism control agent, was applied to the preservation of fresh fruits and vegetables. Freshfruits and vegetables treated with GFSE and stored in polyethylene film (0.1mm) at 1$0^{\circ}C$-15$^{\circ}C$ of natural low temperature low kept better qualities in color and texture than the GFSE -not- treated control. The treatment using GFSE ina 250ppm to 500ppm concentration seemed to be an effective one for the control of Botrytis cinerea isolated in red wine grapes. After 4 weeks of storage the firmness rate of cucumbers treated with the dilute GFSE was four times higher than that of non-treated ones. GFSE showed effective inhibitory action towards plant pathological bacteria and fungi which were involved in the decay of fruits and vegetables. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of GFSE towards them were in the range of 250ppm to 500ppm .Direct visualization of microbial cells and spores using electron microscopy showed microbial cells and fungal spores the function of which was destroyed by treating with the dilute solutions of GFSE. It was observed that GFSE would reduced disease damages and have bactericide & fungicide properties during the storage of such fruits and vegetables as egg plant, wild edible greens , kumquat, and kiwi fruit.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1087-1095
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• 1996

The study was carried out to investigate a new type of functional foods with hypotensive effect which is critical in the prevention and treatment of hypertension and related circulatory diseases. The experimental diets(A, B, C) were prepared from plant based ingredients such as buckwheat, potato, perilla seed with different ratios formulated as an edible form appropriate for human consumption according to AIN-77 standard. Control group(D) was fed commercial rat chow. Twety-four 15-week-old SDR(Sprague Dawley rats) and twenty-four 20-week-old SHR(spontaneously hypertensive rats), weighing 200g respectively, were assigned to 4 treatments of 6 rats each in a completely randomized design. Blood pressure was measured at 7 day interval by tail-cuff sphygmomanometer using an IITC cuff pump and amplifier. The growth rates of both SHR and SDR were not statistically different in comparions with the control except those of diet B and C in SDR and SHR, respectively(p<0.05). When exprimental diets were fed, systolic blood pressure of SDR and SHR at day 28 had been lowered by 17-20 mmHg(ave. of 19.6mmHg for both strains) compared with the reference pressure at day 0. The levels of HDL-cholesterol were increased, while the levels of LDL-cholesterol consistently decreased in both strains when experimental diets were fed(p<.05). Plasma total cholesterol levels were not different among treatments. Plasma triglyceride levels were higher in control diet(commercial rat chow) due to two times higher fat content of control diet itself(p<.05). Atherogenic indices were lower compared to those of control when the experimental diets were fed in both strains (p,.05). The results suggest that the antihypertensive diets mainly consisting of plant-based ingredients may possibly effective in relieving hypertension as well as circulatory diseases.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1665-1670
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• 2008

Soybean oil is an important source of vegetable oil for human food and nonfood applications and accounts for approximately 22% of the world's total edible oil production. Improvement of the quality and quantity of soybean seed oil constituents is one of the most important objectives in soybean breeding. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid contents in soybean. The 117 $F_{2:10}$ recombinant inbred lines (RIL) developed from a cross of 'Keunolkong' and 'Shinpaldalkong' were used. Narrow-sense heritability estimates based on a plot mean on seed weight, protein and oil content were 0.85, 0.82 and 0.81, respectively. Eight independent QTLs for oleic acid content were identified from linkage group (LG) A2, C1, D2, F, G, L, and O. Seven QTLs for linoleic acid content were located on LG D1b, E, H, I and L. Oil content was related with five QTLs located on LG C1, H, J, K, and L. Oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid have two common QTLs on LG C1 and L. Thus, we identified major loci improving soybean oil quality.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47
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• pp.95-106
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• 2002

Soybean is one of the most important sources of protein and oil in the world. Recently, emphasis has been laid on the chemical composition of soybean seeds for the processing soybean foods. Improvement of soybean components has been expected to improve food-processing quality for the processed soybean products such as soymilk and various edible ingredients as well as fur the traditional soyfoods. In Korea, soybean breeding research programmes have been focused on the quality of the products derived from soybean with yield stability, and some new modified soybean varieties haying good food-processing quality were developed recently. So the efforts of establishing standard and standardization of products in soybean are important. Three main categories should be considered in view of soybean seed quality; the marketing value such as grain size, shape, and appearance; the eating and processing value such as dehulled ratio, water absorption rate, and benny flavor; the nutritional value such as protein, lipid, and carbohydrate contents. And the new frontiers in research are looking at the functional nutrients in soybeans and how to improve them. In case marketing value, mainly the appearance is evaluated, therefore, each country has an application of standard related to quality. Each determination of standard class, heat-damaged kernels, splits, and soybeans of other colors is made on the basis of the grain when free from foreign materials. But processing value and nutritional value for standardization were not studied in detail till now. In addition, soybean has potential roles in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, most notably cancer, osteoporosis, and heart disease. The functional nutrients include a protease inhibitor, phytic acid, saponins, and isoflavones, etc.. It is believed that standardization of soybean quality should perform to overcome the difficulties, relatively high price of domestic soybean products has weakened the competitive power, in the market related to WTO. So, we should focus on further research into the evaluation and establishment of quality-standard in soybean.