• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.661-675
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• 2009

The carelessly and illegally copied contents are raising serious social problem as internet and multimedia technologies are advancing. Therefore, development of video copy detection system must be settled without delay. In this paper, we propose the hierarchical video copy detection method that estimates similarity using statistical characteristics between original video and manipulated(transformed) copy video. We rank according to luminance value of video to be robust to spacial transformation, and choose similar videos categorized as candidate segments in huge amount of database to reduce processing time and complexity. The copy videos generally insert black area in the edge of the image, so we remove rig black area and decide copy or not by using statistical characteristics of original video and copied video with center part of frame that contains important information of video. Experiment results show that the proposed method has similar keyframe accuracy to reference method, but we use less memory to save feature information than reference's, because the number of keyframes is less 61% than that of reference's. Also, the proposed method detects if the video is copied or not efficiently despite expansive spatial transformations such as blurring, contrast change, zoom in, zoom out, aspect ratio change, and caption insertion.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.465-482
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• 1997

In this paper, we have studied on cinstructing code-recognition shstem by neural network according to a image process taking the DOT classification code stamped on tire surface.It happened to a few problems that characters distorted in edge by diffused reflection and two adjacent characters take the same label,even very sen- sitive to illumination ofr recognition the stamped them on tire.Thus,this paper would propose the algorithm for tire code under being cinscious of these properties and prove the algorithm drrciency with a simulation.Also,we have suggerted the MCBP network composing of multi-linked recognizers of dffcient identify the DOT code being tire classification code.The MCBP network extracts the projection balue for classifying each character's rdgion after taking out the prjection of each chracter's region on X,Y axis,processes each chracters by taking 7$\times$8 normalization.We have improved error rate 3% through the MCBP network and post-process comparing the DOT code Database. This approach has a accomplished that learming time get's improvenent at 60% and recognition rate has become to 95% from 90% than BckPropagation with including post- processing it has attained greate rates of entire of tire recoggnition at 98%.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.81-90
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• 1999

This paper describes an EEG(electroencephalogram) software for two-channel cerebral function monitoring system to detect the cerebral ischemia. In the software, two-channel bipolar analog EEG signals are digitized and from the signals various EEG parameters are extracted and displayed on a monitor in real-time. Digitized EEG signal is transformed by FFT(Fast Fourier transform) and represented as CSA(compressed spectral array) and DSA(density spectral array). Additional 5 parameters, such as alpha ratio, percent delta, spectral edge frequency, total power, and difference in total power, are estimated using the FFT spectra. All of these are effectively merged in a monitor and displayed in real-time. Through animal experiments and clinical trials on men, the software is modified and enhanced. Since the software provides raw EEG, CSA, DSA, simultaneously with additional 5 parameters in a monitor, it is possible to observe patients multilaterally. For easy comparison of patient's status, reference patterns of CSA, DSA can be captured and displayed on top of the monitor. And user can mark events of surgical operation and patient's conditions on the software, this allow him jump to the points of events directly, when reviewing the recorded EEG file afterwards. Other functions, such as forward/backward jump, gain control, file management are equipped and these are operated by simple mouse click. Clinical tests in a university hospital show that the software responds accurately according to the conditions of patients and medical doctors can use the software easily.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.514-528
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• 2004

An emotion-based video scene retrieval algorithm is proposed in this paper. First, abrupt/gradual shot boundaries are detected in the video clip representing a specific story Then, five video features such as 'average color histogram' 'average brightness', 'average edge histogram', 'average shot duration', and 'gradual change rate' are extracted from each of the videos and mapping between these features and the emotional space that user has in mind is achieved by an interactive genetic algorithm. Once the proposed algorithm has selected videos that contain the corresponding emotion from initial population of videos, feature vectors from the selected videos are regarded as chromosomes and a genetic crossover is applied over them. Next, new chromosomes after crossover and feature vectors in the database videos are compared based on the similarity function to obtain the most similar videos as solutions of the next generation. By iterating above procedures, new population of videos that user has in mind are retrieved. In order to show the validity of the proposed method, six example categories such as 'action', 'excitement', 'suspense', 'quietness', 'relaxation', 'happiness' are used as emotions for experiments. Over 300 commercial videos, retrieval results show 70% effectiveness in average.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.235-243
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• 2021

River surveying is conducted to acquire basic geographic data for river master plans and various river maintenance, and it is also used to predict changes after river maintenance construction. ABL (Airborne Bathymetric LiDAR) system is a cutting-edge surveying technology that can simultaneously observe the water surface and river bed using a green laser, and has many advantages in river surveying. In order to use the ABL data for river surveying, it is prerequisite step to segment and extract the water surface and river bed points from the original point cloud data. In this study, point cloud segmentation was performed by applying the ground filtering technique, ATIN (Adaptive Triangular Irregular Network) to the ABL data and then, the water surface and riverbed point clouds were extracted sequentially. In the Gokgyocheon river area, Chungcheongnam-do, the experiment was conducted with the dataset obtained using the Leica Chiroptera 4X sensor. As a result of the study, the overall classification accuracy for the water surface and riverbed was 88.8%, and the Kappa coefficient was 0.825, confirming that the ABL data can be effectively used for river surveying.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.291-304
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• 2021

Updating a forest type map is essential for sustainable forest resource management and monitoring to cope with climate change and various environmental problems. According to the necessity of efficient and wide-area forestry remote sensing, CAS500-4 (Compact Advanced Satellite 500-4; The agriculture and forestry satellite) project has been confirmed and scheduled for launch in 2023. Before launching and utilizing CAS500-4, this study aimed to pre-evaluation the possibility of satellite-based tree species classification using RapidEye, which has similar specifications to the CAS500-4. In this study, the study area was the Chuncheon forest management complex, Gangwon-do. The spectral information was extracted from the growing season image. And the GLCM texture information was derived from the growing and non-growing seasons NIR bands. Both information were used to classification with random forest machine learning method. In this study, tree species were classified into nine classes to the coniferous tree (Korean red pine, Korean pine, Japanese larch), broad-leaved trees (Mongolian oak, Oriental cork oak, East Asian white birch, Korean Castanea, and other broad-leaved trees), and mixed forest. Finally, the classification accuracy was calculated by comparing the forest type map and classification results. As a result, the accuracy was 39.41% when only spectral information was used and 69.29% when both spectral information and texture information was used. For future study, the applicability of the CAS500-4 will be improved by substituting additional variables that more effectively reflect vegetation's ecological characteristics.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.4D
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• pp.687-693
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• 2006

Image co-registration is the process of overlaying two images of the same scene, one of which represents a reference image, while the other is geometrically transformed to the one. In order to improve efficiency and effectiveness of the co-registration approach, the author proposed a pre-qualified area matching algorithm which is composed of feature extraction with canny operator and area matching algorithm with cross correlation coefficient. For refining matching points, outlier detection using studentized residual was used and iteratively removes outliers at the level of three standard deviation. Throughout the pre-qualification and the refining processes, the computation time was significantly improved and the registration accuracy is enhanced. A prototype of the proposed algorithm was implemented and the performance test of 3 Landsat images of Korea. showed: (1) average RMSE error of the approach was 0.435 pixel; (2) the average number of matching points was over 25,573; (3) the average processing time was 4.2 min per image with a regular workstation equipped with a 3 GHz Intel Pentium 4 CPU and 1 Gbytes Ram. The proposed approach achieved robustness, full automation, and time efficiency.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2024

In this paper, we propose an efficient image processing system to detect and track the movement of specific objects such as patients. The proposed system extracts the outline area of an object from a binarized difference image by applying a thinning algorithm that enables more precise detection compared to previous algorithms and is advantageous for mixed-mode design. The binarization and thinning steps, which require a lot of computation, are designed based on RTL (Register Transfer Level) and replaced with optimized hardware blocks through logic circuit synthesis. The designed binarization and thinning block was synthesized into a logic circuit using the standard 180n CMOS library and its operation was verified through simulation. To compare software-based performance, performance analysis of binary and thinning operations was also performed by applying sample images with 640 × 360 resolution in a 32-bit FPGA embedded system environment. As a result of verification, it was confirmed that the mixed-mode design can improve the processing speed by 93.8% in the binary and thinning stages compared to the previous software-only processing speed. The proposed mixed-mode system for object recognition is expected to be able to efficiently monitor patient movements even in an edge computing environment where artificial intelligence networks are not applied.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.45-57
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• 2020

The prenatal period in livestock animals is crucial for meat production because net increase in the number of muscle fibers is finished before birth. However, there is no study on the growth and development mechanism of muscles in Hanwoo during this period. Therefore, to find candidate genes involved in muscle growth and development during this period in Hanwoo, mRNA expression data of longissimus in Hanwoo at 6 and 9 months post-conceptional age (MPA) were analyzed. We independently identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using DESeq2 and edgeR which are R software packages, and considered the overlaps of the results as final-DEGs to use in downstream analysis. The DEGs were classified into several modules using WGCNA then the modules' functions were analyzed to identify modules which involved in myogenesis and adipogenesis. Finally, the hub genes which had the highest WGCNA module membership among the top 10% genes of the STRING network maximal clique centrality were identified. 913(6 MPA specific DEGs) and 233(9 MPA specific DEGs) DEGs were figured out, and these were classified into five and two modules, respectively. Two of the identified modules'(one was in 6, and another was in 9 MPA specific modules) functions was found to be related to myogenesis and adipogenesis. One of the hub genes belonging to the 6 MPA specific module was axin1 (AXIN1) which is known as an inhibitor of Wnt signaling pathway, another was succinate-CoA ligase ADP-forming beta subunit (SUCLA2) which is known as a crucial component of citrate cycle.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

This study sheds light on a pond design process which is a core facility of Hwaseol-dang in Muan, the Jeonnam. The plasticity of the pond was analyzed and interpreted for the design process using methods such as "literature search, interview, site visits, aerial pictures, aerial photographing, drawing figures of configuration plane via measurements, internet search, etc.", to trace the developing process of the design and the implications therein. The study results being centered on the developing process of the pond design are summarized herein below. The position of the Hwaseol-dang, being formed on a low hill having low competence as a place for a pavilion, draws more attention regarding its implications from the aspect of inner design. The pond Hwaseol-dang is in a rectangular shape of 1 : 1.2 ratio, in which the depth is a bit higher on the pond edge of the Hwaseol-dang thus being slanted, and Crape Myrtle, which is not known whether introduced during the formation of the pond, is cultivated on the island in the center widespread toward the southeast region. The planar design of the pond is interpreted as "rectangular pond" but it has a smooth half-moon shape where a part is excluded to remove edge. In particular, the three islands in rectangular pond, due to the narrow area, put one island and two half-moon-shaped islands in juxtaposition, and thus, although only being one island, resultantly exhibits the existence effect of proliferated three islands. This is allegedly due to the intentional formation aiming at the effect of hybrid while minimizing the overlap due to merging and adding from the aspect of constituting a design. Furthermore, the pond Hwaseol-dang is extended northwest along with Hwaseol-dang, and also the island in the center is thought to additionally have one or two, but the widespread phenomenon of the island in the center appears to consider the effect of "sit view on the floor of the pavilion of Hwaseol-dang". Considering that even a few examples of ponds having the three islands among the private house gardens in the nation are all curved ponds, the characteristics of the rectangular Hwaseol-dang pond establishing the garden effect of the three islands by modifying the one island in rectangular pond is highly notable. Considering that the three islands of "Yeongju, Bangjang, and Bongrae" is the original shape of the pond garden gestating Taoist ideology, as a symbolic design of a pond, it is regarded as the characteristics of the pond shape in Jeonnam area, and the so-called three treasures "Hwaseol-dang, Camellia, and oddly shaped stones, etc." are concentrated as the symbolism of Hwaseol-dang pond.