• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.552-561
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing lifetime smoking and current smoking among adolescents in South Korea. Methods: Hierarchical logistic regression was conducted based on complex sample analysis using statistics from the 10th (2014) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey. The study sample comprised 72,060 adolescents aged 12 to 18. Results: The significant factors influencing adolescent lifetime smoking were female gender, older age, higher stress, higher weekly allowance, lower economic status, living apart from parents, parental smoking, sibling smoking, peer smoking, observation of school personnel smoking, and coed school compared to boys' school. The significant factors influencing adolescent current smoking were female gender, older age, higher stress, higher weekly allowance, both higher and lower economic status compared to middle economic status, living apart from parents, parental smoking, sibling smoking, peer smoking, observation of school personnel smoking, and coed school compared to boys' school. Conclusion: Factors identified in this study need to be considered in programs directed at prevention of adolescent smoking and smoking cessation programs, as well as policies.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제45권
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• pp.315-340
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• 2001

The purpose of study is to examine the effects of family support on the life satisfaction of elderly with disabilities and provide a ground necessary to improve it. Research was conducted on 167 elderly with hearing, visual and physical disabilities aged over 60 who were living in Seoul and Pusan. Telephone survey, sign language and interview, in accordance with types of disability, were adopted to collect data effectively. That is telephone survey was used for elderly with visual impairment whereas face-to-face interview for physical impairment and sign language for hearing impairment by volunteers. Collected data were analyzed, using hierarchical regression analysis. This study utilized two different models, direct effect model and buffering effect of social support in order to examine the effects of familial support on the life satisfaction of elderly with disabilities. Research findings suggest that the level of life satisfaction appeared to be low in general among elderly with disabilities and emotional family support exerted a positive effect on life satisfaction. In addition, it is empirically supported that emotional family support buffered the negative effect of economic limitations on life satisfaction. In other words, the effects of economic limitations as stress factor decreased with the increase in the frequency of emotional support, however, the level of life satisfaction decreased at a mercy of the stress factor of economic limitations with the decrease in the frequency of emotional support. Finally, this paper attempted to provide some alternatives to effectively improve life satisfaction among elderly with disabilities based on empirical findings.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2011년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 2부
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• pp.133-136
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• 2011

This study concerned with the steel beam of bonding method and bonded steel beams by this method and both ends of different height, steel beams and steel beams in the center makes the junction. Both ends and the central part of steel beams connecting the lower flange by additional combining steel plates to convey stress, the stress to focus on the beam connections are passed to both ends of steel beams, and strength of beam connections is improved and steel structural beams is proposed to minimize the loss by Incision. If you use the developed method, the construction period is shortened, and reducing the amount of material can decrease the cost and reduction in floor height can be maximized business feasibility.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2009

Existing footwear biomechanics studies rely on simplified kinetics and kinematics, plantar pressure and muscle electromyography measurements. Because of the complexity of foot-shoe interface and individualized subject response with different footwear, consistent results regarding the biomechanical performance of footwear or footwear components can yet be achieved. The computational approach can be an efficient and economic alternative to study the biomechanical interactions of foot and footwear. Continuous advancement in numerical techniques as well as computer technology has made the finite element method a versatile and successful tool for biomechanics researchdue to its capability of modelling irregular geometrical structures, complex material properties, and complicated loading and boundary conditions. Finite element analysis offers asystematic and economic alternative in search of more in-depth biomechanical information such as the internal stress and strain distributions of foot and footwear structures. In this paper, the current establishments and applications of the computational approach for footwear design and evaluation are reviewed.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.93-100
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• 1999

In rock, there are many microsopic structures which influence the mechnical behavior of rock. Many microstructures interact with each other, and furthermore, material constants vary discontinuously within rock, as most rocks are composed of several minerals. Taking into account this feature, it may be possible to contemplate a microstructure of rock as a unit cell by which the rock is constituted periodically. If this idealization is acceptable, the homogenization method can be applied. In this research, various microcracks on rock specimens were observed through a stereoscopic microscope under uniaxial compression. On the other hand, local stress distribution in the periodic-micro structure was calculated by the homogenization method. Then it is shown that there is a possibility to establish a relation between the behavior of microcrack and macroscopic load quantitatively by the linear fracture mechanics.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.231-240
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• 1997

The behavior of rocks and microcrack development due to fatigue stresses are investigated using cyclic loading tests and ultrasonic velocity measurements. Twenty six medium-grained granite samples from the Pochon area are selected for measurements. Ultrasonic velocities are measured for samples before fatigue test to characterize the pre-existing microcracks. Then, thirteen different cycles of loadings with 70% and 80% dynamic strength are applied to the samples. The ultrasonic velocities are measured again to compare velocities after applications of fatigue stress with those before applications of fatigue stress. The results show that most microcracks are developed along the direction parallel to the axis of loading and that the amount of microcracks increases, as loading levels and numbers of cycle increase.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.35-50
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• 1996

This paper is a review and assessment of 1122 articles on families in later life from 5 journals published during 1980 and 1995. theoretical and methodological issues family relationships in later life social support network caregiving attitudes and stress life satisfaction and stress of the aged and welfare system for the aged are the major areas examined. The review indicates that this area of research in quantity has increased rapidly since 195. Relationships between aged parents and their adult children focusing on caregiving attitudes behavior and stresses for supporting their parents among the children and adjustment/life satisfaction of the aged are dominantly investigated. However most of the research are non-theoretical and descriptive in nature and the influences of socio-economic variables such as sex health economic status and educational level on dependent variables are widely investigated. Future research questions and issues under the sub-ares of families in lat r life is provided. Further directions and suggestions for future research works on families in later life in general are provided with particular emphasis on conceptual and methodological issues.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.344-353
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• 2015

Purpose: The objective of this study is to identify factors associated with perceived health status of married immigrant women. Methods: Data were collected from 65 married immigrant women. The measurements were Symptom checklist-48, Acculturative Stress Scale, Parenting Stress Index(PSI), and Personal Resource Questionnaire(PQR). Descriptive, T-test, ANOVA test, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses were used. Results: There were significant differences in perceived health status according to satisfaction with the married life(F=8.819, p=0.000), and help from husband(F=6.308, p=.003). There was also a significant relationship between perceived health status and perceived economic status (F=8.006, p=.001), acculturative stress (r=.560, p<.01), parenting stress (r=.662, p<.01) and social support (r=-.289, p<.05). The result of multiple regression analysis showed a significant association of parenting stress with perceived health status of married immigrant women (${\beta}=0.397$, p=0.037). Conclusion: Comprehensive interventions designed to enhance the health of married immigrant women, including prevention of acculturative stress, parenting stress and improving social support may be helpful in mitigating health in married immigrant women.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.345-353
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the stress-coping process used by elderly people. Method: This study was based on the grounded theory methodology of Strauss & Corbin. The participants were 15 elders selected by theoretical sampling. Over a period of 3 months, in-depth interviews using audiotape recording were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed simultaneously by a constant comparative method in which new data were continuously coded in categories and properties according to Strauss and Corbin's methodology, Result: Stress in elderly people is caused by illness, family conflict, and loss of economic power. Stress occurred in connection with aging and limitation of social activity. The central incidents for stress were fear, alienation and anxiety. It was found that action/interactional strategies of stress-coping behavior were related to social support and mobility disorders. Action/interactional strategies to stress-coping in elderly people were dependent on medical treatment, mind control, participation of social activity, and renunciation of offensive behavior. Stress-coping in elderly people resulted in stability or instability in body and mind. Conclusion: It is suggested that the results of this study may contribute to the development stress-coping strategies for elderly people. There is need to develop social support systems and a positive environment to avoid negative coping strategies.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2020

This paper investigates the stress-reducing preventive maintenance model through numerical experiments. The preventive maintenance model is used to analyze the relationship between related conditions and variables to gain insight into the efficient operation of the system when performing preventive maintenance in real-world situations. Various preventive maintenance models have been developed over the past decades and their complexity has increased in recent years. Increasing complexity is essential to reflect reality, but recent models can only be interpreted through numerical experiments. The stress-reducing preventive maintenance is a newly introduced preventive maintenance concept and can only be interpreted numerically due to its complexity, and has received little attention because the concept is unfamiliar. Therefore, for information purposes, this paper investigates the characteristics of the stress-reducing preventive maintenance and the relationship between parameters and variables through numerical experiments. In particular, this paper is focusing on the economic feasibility of stress-reducing preventive maintenance by observing changes in the optimal preventive maintenance period in response to changes in environmental stress and the improvement factor. As a result, when either the environmental stress or the improve effect of stress-reducing preventive maintenance is low, it is not necessary to carry out the stress-reducing preventive maintenance at excessive cost. In addition, it was found that the age reduction model is more economical than the failure rate reduction model.