• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.8-23
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• 2008

This paper aims to introduce paradigm shifts in the development of economic geography and to explore theoretical background and themes of the New Economic Geography discussed recently. Since the 1990s the New Economic Geography has been discussed actively in the field of economics with including the concept of space to the economic theory. The New Economic Geography has also been actively discussed in the field of economic geography with exploring new methodology and theoretical framework based on institutional and evolutionary approaches following a broad trend of "cultural turn". Diverse themes such as innovation, environment, services, feminist, labor market, etc. has been studied along the perspectives of the New Economic Geography in the field of economic geography. It is expected that new theories and methodologies for understanding and analyzing new economic spaces can be established through active interactions between economic geographers and other social scientists such as regional science, economics, sociology, etc.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.355-376
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• 2007

The aim of this study is to examine the changes of approach methods of research framework in the history of Korean economic geography during the last fifty years($1956{\sim}2005$). The five factors that have influenced Korean economic geography are Korean geography, European, American, and Japanese geography, fundamental theories of economics and business administration, regional problems, and culture. The study of Korean economic geography can be divided into four periods: 'period of cradle of economic geography($1956{\sim}1962$)', 'period of establishment of economic geography(1963$\sim$later 1970s)', 'period of leap of economic geography(the former half of 1980s$\sim$the former half of 1990s)', and 'period of transition of economic geography (since later 1990s)'. And research framework of Korean economic geography has changed from the regional structure theory in 'period of leap' to the spatial system of economies and network theory in 'period of transition'. Spatial system of economies and network theory consists of spatial system of world economies, spatial system of national economies, spatial system of regional economies, spatial network of enterprise economies, and spatial network of information economies.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.160-197
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to review research trends and issues of economic geography in Korea for the last fifty years by sub-fields of agricultural geography, industrial geography, commercial and service geography, and transportation geography. Research in Korean economic geography has progressed significantly in terms of the scope and the number of papers published during the last a half a century. Agricultural geography was a leading field of economic geography in Korea before mid-1970s. Since the mid-1970s, however, agricultural geography has turned over the leading role in economic geography to industrial geography. Classification and structure of agricultural region has been the most popular research theme in Korea, even though diverse topics has been dealt in the research of agricultulal geography in Korea during the last fifty years. In recent years, emphasis is given to study on the dynamics of agricultural region and regional differentiation of part-time farming. It is suggested that the future issues of research in agricultural geography in Korea are agricultural restructuring and changes in agricultural space under the WTO system, changes in rural area and agricultural region with the progress of informatization, changes in agricultural structures and rural society by the increase of part-time farming, governments agricultulal policy and its impacts, competitive advantages of Korean agricultulal products, and environmental impacts of agricultural restructuring. Research in industrial geography has remarkably progressed since the 1980s. Locational changes, regional industrial structure and formation of industrial region were the major topics of interest in the research of industrial geography in Korea before 1980. Since the early 1980s, in addition to the topics which were interested in before 1980, changes of industrial organization and industrial location, changes of production systems and industrial space development of high technology industries and science parks, industrial restructuring and regional economy, foreign direct investments, industrial linkages and industrial districts, and industrial policy and regional development have been the major research themes of industrial geography in Korea. Considerable number of papers has been published both in Korean journals and in foreign journals during this period. Considering global changes in the organization of industrial space, future research should be more focused on firms strategy for regaining competitive advantages, local and global perspectives of industry, industry and environmental changes, in addition to the topics which have been dealt in recent years. Research in commercial and service geography and transportation geography was negligible in Korea before the late 1970s. These two sub-fields in economic geography have begun to develop since 1980s. Periodic markets, structure of commercial area, and distribution of products were the major topics of interest in the 1980s in the commercial and service geography in Korea. In the 1990s, however reserch in producer services has been active with growth of producer services in Korean economy. It is suggested that regional changes with progress of informatization and technology, changes of international trade and regional changes, development of efficient distribution system, role of producer services in regional development, and network of producer services are the major issues to be studied in the future in the field of commercial and service geography in Korea. Commuting, distribution of products, and transportation networks have been the major topics of research in transportation geography in Korea. Diverse quantitative techniques have been applied in the most of the researches in transportation geography. It is required that future studies in transportation geography should also focus on societal and behavioral issues, policy issues regional impacts of new transportation facilities, an analysis of transportation system at the global or international level. Since the 1980s economic geography in Korea has considerably progressed with publication of papers and books. The progress can be regarded as successful in quantitative aspect, but not in quantitative aspects. For the development of Korean economic geography in both quantitative and qualitative aspects, it is necessary to promote international collaborative researches and interdisciplinary cooperations. Attention should also be given to the research on changes in competitive advantages and economic restructuring, changes of economic space with the development of high technology and the progress of informatization. economic development and culture. and foreign regional studies.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.522-540
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• 2012

The main aim of the paper is to identify the position or status of Korean economic geography in changing global economic geography by reviewing papers published in Korean geographical journals since the mid-1950s. Since the late 20th century as economic geography has developed significantly with the introduction of new research issues, methodologies, and theory and concepts, economic geography in Korea also has gone through rapid development in terms of both quantitative and qualitative perspectives. The paper attempts to analyze trends in Korean economic geography by reviewing agricultural, industrial, commercial geographies, and others since the mid-1950s. The review of economic geography in Korea would be based on four periods classified by research issues and approaches; foundation (~1950s), positioning (1960s and 1970s), jump and rush (1980s and mid-1990s), and transitional period (late 1990s~). Agricultural geography in Korea has decreased due to increases of the interests in industrial geography since the 1980s. In particular, since the late 1990s industrial geography has undergone a significant transition in accordance with the emergence of new theories of institutional perspectives, centering around issues on value chains, innovative cluster, cooperative and competitive networks, foreign direct investment, flexible specialization and venture ecology. Along with this, there has been changes in the interest of commercial geography in Korea from researches on periodical markets, the structure of store formats, and distributions by commodity, to researches on producer services and retailer's locational behaviors and commercial supremacy according to the emergence of new store formats. Since the late 1990s, many researches and discussions associated with the new economic geography began to emerge in Korea. Various research issues are focused on analyzing changes of local, regional and global economic spaces and their processes in relation to institutional perspectives, knowledge and innovation, production chain and innovative networks, industrial clusters and RIS, and geographies of service. Although economic geography in Korea has developed significantly both in quantitative and qualitative perspectives, we pointed out that it has still limited in some specific scope and issues. Therefore, it is likely to imply that its scope and issues should be diversified with new perspectives and approaches.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.457-463
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• 2012

This study examines the epistemological approach of the economic geography and the approach in the ontology of geography which has been studied based on the region, and thereby aims at the systematization of economic geography. Since 1956, Korean economic geography study has been conducted under the development of studies in developed countries without discussing the uniqueness of the study or the systematization of the research approaches. As a result, the systematization is built after the economic geography is divided into neoclassical economy, geographical political economy, regional structure of the national economy, and local autonomous entity economy on a axis of epistemology and ontology for the systematization of approaches. We should pursue the intellectual change adding the major economic phenomena theories such as the world-system perspective, the regulation theory, network theory, and the institutionalism etc. into the systematization of the economic geography.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.102-121
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• 2021

Financial geography is an evolving subdiscipline in economic geography. This paper identifies and reviews three important 'waves' constitutive of the current state of financial geography: including the 'first' wave before 1990s when finance was regarded as a byproduct of the over-accumulation process in production sphere in the Marxist geographical political economy tradition; the 'second' wave in the mid-1990s during which financial geography was firmly established as a subdiscipline, influenced by the cultural turn and poststructuralist thoughts; and the most recent 'third' wave after the 2008~2009 global financial crisis that urged financial geographers to take power and politics more seriously and 're-politicize' with the analytical ideas of governmentality and financial subjectification from a neo-Foucauldian perspective. These waves have helped financial geography become a practice-oriented academic discourse, in which different philosophical thoughts, foci of analytical level and object, renditions of the subject, perceptions of power and politics, and geographies of finance and financialization coexist and also compete and contest one another.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.241-262
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to examine the changes of institution, quantity and approach methods of research results in the history of Korean economic geography during the last fifty-five years (1956-2010) and to offer the preparations for the future research. The history Korean economic geography can be divided into four periods: 'period of cradle' (1956-1962), 'period of establishment' (1963-later 1970s)', 'period of leap (the former half of 1980s-the former half of 1990s)', and 'period of transition (since later 1990s)'. Many departments of geography education and geography have been founded in the 'period of establishment' and 'period of leap'. Among the total research matters (1,621), 44.4 percent of research results have been made in 2000s and the most researched field was that of manufacturing geography, which occupied 27.7 percent. In the approach methods, about two-thirds of the results are the empirical inductive approach and the research frameworks method which clarified the regional structures and theory of spatial system occupied each about 40 percent. In the future, each research field of Korean economic geography is expected to take more serious view of nature environment, thorough regional survey, and preference of economy-society-culture-knowledge in the research framework of spatial network theory.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.273-301
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• 2008

This study aims not only to examine the globalization, imformationization, and networking as background of knowledge-information-based society, but also to clarify the research fields of 'geography of knowledge' and further research themes for economic geography in a knowledge-information-based society. As a result of globalization, the degree of regional disparity, which had decreased with neoliberal policy in Europe and America in 1980's, has increased in early development states such as China and Eastern European countries. In opposition to the globalization that has led to increasing regional disparities at a global scale, many scholars argue that grassroots globalization or globalization from below is needed. Based on a pessimistic view on globalization, many maintain that unequal access to information has enlarged the gap between rich and poor. They also argue that the study of the geography of poverty is crucial in oder to solve the problem of bipolization. According to the world system theory, spatial grasp of commodity chains, actors' diversities, flows towards innovation in learning knowledges, and geographical, organizational, and institutional proximities are intertwined. Because these elements make significant influences each other in social networks, the interrelationships among those elements should be carefully considered. A 'geography of knowledge' deals with manufacturing, finance and service, media, cultural, and creative industries. Former researches in economic geography have tended to deal with those industries separately without attempting to make meaningful linkages among discussions on those industries.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.381-404
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• 2019

The paper aims to identify how North Korean various economic agents respond to the economic crisis in North Korea, and how these multiple practices are entangled with its spatiality by through the questionnaire survey and in-depth interview targeted at North Korean refugees. The paper argues that it needs to examine the marketization in North Korea in terms of the domesticating recently debated in economic geography. In this perspective, the marketization in North Korea could be explained not as a grand project 'out there' with hegemonic power, but as various economic agents within their space are constantly (re)constructed through everyday life practices. Economic agents' responses to economic crisis, economic rupture, and economic marginalization could be identified in terms of articulation between economic and non-economic factors. More specifically, the paper emphasizes everyday life responses are over-determined by their economic and non-economic factors and its effectiveness is differentiated by their power relations.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.255-267
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• 1996

The so-called Cultural and Historical Geography, sometimes called even as the Historical and Cultural Geography, has been defined as an interdiscipline that encompasses several disciplines in Korea. Scholars with various academic background have participated in the academic activity of the Association of Korean Cultural and Historical Geographers that was organized in the late 1980s. The academic majors of these participants are cultural geography, historical geography, history of geography, urban geography rural geography, economic geography, social and economic history anthropology, landscape architecture, and so on. It was in the 1960s that articles about the Cultural and Historical Geography appeared for the first time in the major academic journals in Korea. The pioneers of publishing these articles in the 1960s continued to conduct their research, while training students majoring in the Cultural and Historical Geography in the 1970s. All of these pioneers and their students were very active in the formation of identity vrith the Cultural and Historical Geography In the 1980s. Cultural and Historical Geography in Korea took a great leap forward both in quantity and in quality. The number of articles in the journal increased substantially, and the range of research theme and methodology extended in a great deal. It was also in the late 1980s that the Association of Korean Cultural and Historical Geographers was organized in Seoul, Korea, and this association began to publish a professional journal named Cultural and Historical Geography once a year. In the 1990s, single-authored books dealing with Korean Cultural and Historcial Geography began to appear in public as textbooks or research monographs. These books are expected to speed up the spread of Cultural and Historical Geography in Korea. If it continues to grow further both in quantity and in quality as it has been, Cultural and Historical Geography in Korea will be able to stand as an independent academic field in the future. Until then, however, it cannot but avoid its mission to contribute to an integrated development of human geography in Korea. It has already gained not only its own merit in the humanistic perspective but also its own strength in its synthetic understanding.