• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.225-234
• /
• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The study was performed to investigate the degree of perceived stress by sex in middle-aged people, and to provide basic data for appropriate nutrition education and interventional measures for middle-aged subjects through comparative analysis of association between stress and dietary habits, emotional eating behavior, and insomnia. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A survey was conducted in 670 middle-aged subjects (320 men and 350 women) aged 40-64 years, resided in Seoul and Gyeonggi area. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 25.0 program. RESULTS: Perceived stress in middle-aged subjects was not different by sex. Stress was higher in men with low dietary habits level compared to other groups (P < 0.001), and was higher in women with low and moderate dietary habits level compared to women with high dietary habits level (P < 0.05). Stress in men was higher in the group with emotional eaters (P < 0.05), and the same result was shown in women (P < 0.001). Stress was higher in both men and women with poor sleep quality (P < 0.001). Stress score was positively correlated with emotional dietary behavior and insomnia (P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with dietary habits (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It is considered that proper nutrition education and interventional measures according to sex are needed for stress control and proper dietary behavior and lifestyle in middle-aged people population, along with projects and policies at the national level.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제15권sup1호
• /
• pp.53-69
• /
• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To determine the weight change trend among the adult Turkish population after 1 yr of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and factors associated with weight change. MATERIALS/METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 26 February and 6 March 2021 using an online questionnaire that included questions for sociodemographic variables, eating habits, stress level, and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18. Those who weighed themselves 1-2 weeks before the pandemic was declared in Turkey and remembered their weight were invited to participate in the study. Trends in weight and body mass index (BMI) change were calculated. The variables associated with a 1% change in BMI were assessed using hierarchical regression analysis. RESULTS: The study was conducted with 1,630 adults (70.25% female) with a mean age of 32.09 (11.62) yrs. The trend of weight change was found to increase by an average of 1.15 ± 6.10 kg (female +0.72 ± 5.51, male +2.16 ± 7.22 kg) for the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The rate of participants with a normal BMI (18.50-24.99 kg/m²) decreased to 51.91% from 55.75%. Consuming an "Increased amount of food compared to before the pandemic" was found to be the independent variable that had the strongest association with a 1% increase in BMI (β = 0.23 P < 0.001). The average change in the BMI was higher in older individuals than in those who were younger. A high stress level was associated with a decrease in BMI (β = -0.04 P = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the factors associated with weight change after 1 yr of the pandemic in the Turkish population was reported for the first time. A high stress level and increased weight gain trend still occur in Turkey after 1 yr of the pandemic.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제55권3호
• /
• pp.406-417
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The incidence of chronic diseases is increasing and the age of onset is decreasing in South Korea. Healthy eating habits to prevent chronic diseases are established in adolescence. This study verified the identified factors and dynamics that affect diet self-assessment for sustainable adolescent health and the prevention of chronic diseases. Methods: Data were collected from 492 middle and high school students in South Korea from June to July 2018, and the participants answered a questionnaire on dietary safety management competency for sustainable health. Results: The healthy dietary self-assessment scores of overweight/obese adolescents and adolescents who perceived their health as normal were significantly lower than those of other groups. Factor analysis verified the validity of the items that comprised each study area before a multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the factors affecting healthy dietary self-assessment. Sweet and salty diets, anxiety, food and nutrition knowledge, weight management knowledge, stress management, exercise, basic eating habits, and healthy eating habits significantly affected healthy dietary assessment among adolescents. A higher perception of one's health indicated a higher healthy dietary self-assessment, dietary safety knowledge, and health management practice scores (p < 0.01). Factors like healthy dietary self-assessment, food and nutrition knowledge, and weight management knowledge appear to have a significant correlation with other identified factors, except overeating. The adolescents' awareness, knowledge, and dietary safety practices influenced healthy dietary self-assessment, which can prevent chronic diseases and achieve sustainable health. Conclusion: This study illustrated how the adolescents' awareness, knowledge, and practices of dietary safety influenced their healthy diet self-assessment. The results indicate that diet-based health management competency education relative to the adolescents' self-perception and weight levels should be implemented.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제17권6호
• /
• pp.1155-1169
• /
• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Unhealthy food choices among young adults are common globally, and the incidence of chronic diseases, such as obesity, is rising. Food literacy (FL) is important for improving and maintaining individual health in a rapidly changing food environment and can form the basis for following a sustainable diet. Therefore, it is essential to improve FL among young adults, particularly college students, who are in the formative years of their lifelong food habits. This study examined the facilitators and barriers of FL and related dietary behavior among college students in South Korea. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study recruited 25 college students with different residence types using convenience and snowball sampling. In-person, telephone, and video interviews were conducted from March to November 2021. The interview data were analyzed using framework analysis based on the socio-ecological model. RESULTS: At the individual level, prior good experiences with food were the most frequently mentioned facilitator. In contrast, the major barriers were a lack of knowledge, financial hardship, irregular schedules, and academic stress. At the interpersonal level, the influences of family and peers, such as early exposure to healthy eating habits and opportunities to have easy accessibility to farms and farming, are major facilitators, but the lack of a sense of community was the major barrier. At the environmental level, the major barriers were unfavorable food environments at home and in neighborhoods, such as the absence of kitchens in housing and large packaging of produce at markets. CONCLUSIONS: Many factors affected the students' FL and related healthy eating practices. These findings suggest that a campus-based FL program should be developed by reflecting on these facilitators and barriers.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.269-281
• /
• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare dietary habits and mental health among middle school students in urban and rural areas based on bedtime, and to provide evidence supporting appropriate bedtime for Korean middle school students in relation to their healthy dietary habits and mental well-being. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The study population consisted of 25,681 second-year middle school students who participated in the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey in 2020-2022. Participants were asked about their bedtime and wake-up time during the past 7 days and were classified into five categories. The study compared the general characteristics, academic factors, dietary habits, and mental health of urban and rural students based on their bedtime. RESULTS: Bedtime was found to be later in the following order: urban female students, rural female students, urban male students, and rural male students. As bedtime got later, the rates of smoking and alcohol consumption increased. Students who went to bed before 11 p.m. had lower academic performance, while rural male students who went to bed after 2 a.m. had lower academic performance. Later bedtime was associated with increased smartphone usage, skipping breakfast, consuming fast food, and drinking carbonated beverages. Later bedtime was also associated with higher perceived stress levels, particularly among students who went to bed after 2 a.m., higher rates of suicidal ideation, experiencing sadness and despair, as well as the prevalence of clinically significant anxiety disorders. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that middle school students who go to bed too late have higher rates of smoking and alcohol drinking, as well as unhealthy eating habits, stress, suicidal ideation, sadness, and anxiety. Therefore, it is necessary to provide educational and social institutional support to promote adequate sleep for the health of adolescents.

• 의료법학
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.43-65
• /
• 2023

헬스케어 산업은 제4차 산업혁명 기반 기술과 접목된 디지털 헬스케어로 개인의 건강과 의료에 관한 정보 등을 다루는 분야로 건강관리 서비스와 의료 과학기술이 융합된 형태이다. 패러다임 변화에 따른 디지털 헬스케어는 기존 「의료법」상의 의료행위 개념에 포섭되어 논의가 가능한 것인지 의문이 생긴다. 「의료법」상 의료행위의 개념에 관한 명확한 정의 규정은 없지만, 판례를 통해서 그 개념을 정립하고 있다. 그리고 「의료법」상 의료행위의 주체는 의료인으로 한정하고 있다. 그러나 디지털 헬스케어는 의료인에 의 한 디지털 기술을 이용한 질병 진단과 치료행위를 하는 경우가 있다. 이와는 달리 비의료인에 의해서 가능한 것이 디지털 헬스케어이다. 왜냐하면 디지털 헬스케어는 운동, 식습관 그리고 체중조절 등과 같은 건강관리를 포함하는 개념으로 이해되기 때문이다. 이로 인하여 디지털 헬스케어에 대한 「의료법」상 의료행위 개념에 포섭하는 경우 「의료법」 제27조에 규정된 '무면허의료행위'로 형사처벌의 대상이 된다. 보건의료산업은 디지털 전환과 정보통신기술과의 융복합이 빠르게 진행되고 있다. 이로 인하여 기존의 의료행위와 구분하여 '디지털화된 의료행위' 또는 '정보통신기술(ICT) 기반 의료행위'로 새롭게 규정할 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 의료행위 개념은 고정불변한 개념이 아닌 가변성을 가진다. 그렇다고 이러한 요구에 따라 의료행위 개념의 무한 확장이 아닌 그 범위의 재설정을 요청하는 것이다. 따라서 의료서비스체계에 대한 수요자의 요구를 반영하여 의료행위 개념을 법제화하여야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제55권3호
• /
• pp.390-405
• /
• 2022

충북지역 65세 이상 노인들의 조리실습을 병행한 영양교육의 효과를 연구한 결과에서 위생, 식습관, 영양지식, 만족도 모든 항목에서 1, 2차연구에 지속적으로 참여한 지역 (괴산, 보은, 진천)이 위생, 식습관, 영양지식, 만족도 점수 모두 유의적 (p < 0.001)으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 고령사회에서 65세 이상 인구가 20%이상인 초고령 사회로 빠르게 진입하고 있는 우리나라 농촌지역에서는 고령층의 식생활 향상을 통한 건강증진 및 질병예방을 위한 효과적인 영양교육이 필수적이라 사료된다.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.413-423
• /
• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the general characteristics, oral health knowledge and oral health behavior of elderly people and the relationship of their oral health knowledge to practice of the knowledge in an attempt to provide information on the development of the senior oral health care system. Methods : The subjects in this study were 324 elderly people who used five different social welfare centers in the regions of Sooncheon and Yeosoo. Results : 1. The oral health knowledge of the elderly people investigated was at a low level. Among different sorts of oral health knowledge, they had the best knowledge on the cause of dental caries, and they were most ignorant about the right time for regular dental checkup. 2. Regarding connections between general characteristics and oral health knowledge, the elderly people who never went to a dentist had a better knowledge on oral health, and those who cared about oral health had a better knowledge than the others who didn't. 3. As to practice of oral health knowledge, the best oral health behavior they did was to clean the tongue during toothbrushing, and oral health behavior was not to have an unbalanced diet. The second best one was to be well-nourished, and the third best one was to refrain from drinking, smoking and eating sugar-containing food. The fourth best one was to get a regular dental check-up and teeth cleaned. 4. There was a positive correlation between oral health knowledge and oral health behavior. A better oral health knowledge led to a better oral health behavior. Conclusions : The better oral health knowledge of the elderly people was followed by a better oral health behavior, and the development and implementation of customized oral health education programs geared toward the elderly are urgently required. Oral health professionals should direct their energy into providing sustainable and systematic oral health education, and institutional measures should be taken to make it happen.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.521-534
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study to provide base data of various dental hygiene management systems are necessary to improve the oral health of visitor oral prophylaxis practice units, investigating and analyzing the oral health behavior and awareness of 130 scaling patients who visited the oral prophylaxis practice units of J Health College from April to May of the year 2007. The following conclusions were obtained 1. 50% of them had more than 2 times of toothbrushing a day, and 45.5% had more than 3 times of toothbrushing a day. 2. Toothbrushing was done after having a breakfast in 75.4% and 71.5% brushed their teeth after having a dinner. As the time to brush teeth, 45.4% of the subjects spentless than 3 minutes and 39.2% of them spent less than 2 minutes, and 48.5% of them bushed their teeth in up and down directions and 43.8% used mixed approaches. 3. The usage period of a toothbrush lasted about 3 month in 33.1% and 26.2% used a toothbrush about 2 month, and 20% of the subjects had the experience of using dental floss or interdental brush. 4. 61.5% of the subjects had the experience of having scaling treatment. The frequency of scaling was found to be 38.5%. 5. As the cause of having caries of the teeth, 73.8% responded it as unfaithfully brushing and 50% the subjects considered smoking is very harmful to dental health. 6. The most important behavior for dental health was found to be not eating sugars that were pointed out by 75.4% of subjects. Based upon the above listed study results, various dental hygiene management systems are necessary to improve the oral health of patients who visit oral prophylaxis practice units, especially, the correct toothbrushing and periodic oral examination with preventive scaling were thought to be necessary.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the nutrition quotient (NQ) by mother's parenting style which may influence the NQ in preschool children. Methods: Subjects were 310 mothers and their 4-6 year old children. The questionnaire composed of demographic characteristics, mother's parenting style at meal time and eating behavior as measured by NQ questions. The NQ questions consisted of 19 food behavior checklist items and all items were grouped into 5 factors: balance, diversity, moderation, regularity, and practice. Mother's parenting style was classified by using words for nutrition education at meal time. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS program (Ver. 23) and the statistical differences in variables were evaluated by Student's t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, One-way ANOVA. Results: We observed that in children whose mothers use the parenting style at meal time of 'explanation' and 'compliment & cheer up' had high dietary regularity, diversity, practice. The children of mothers who use the parenting style at meal time of 'persuasion' and 'reward' were found to have a lower degree of balance, diversity, and practice. Especially, children of 'reward' style mothers had lower moderation of dietary life. On the other hand, among the parenting style at meal time of 'comparison & demand', 'treating' and 'faire', there was no significant difference in the NQ factor by each group. NQ grade was higher among those who used more explanation (p < 0.001) and persuasion (p < 0.01) and with use of less persuasion (p < 0.01) and reward (p < 0.01). The positive association observed between the frequency of dietary education of mothers and higher NQ grade indicated the degree of dietary practices of those children. On the other hand, the children of mothers who rarely practice the dietary education at home had lower NQ grade (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In order to promote children's proper dietary behaviors, it is important to provide nutrition education to children as well as provide guidance on parenting style at meal time.