• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.195-204
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between body image, weight-control self-efficacy, and body mass index of high-school girls. Methods: Body image, gender role identity, weight-control self-efficacy, and body weight control behavior were measured by structured questionnaires. Date were analyzed by descriptive statistics, the t-test, the one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation, using the SPSS program. Results: Body weight control behavior was positively correlated with weight-control self-efficacy and objective body mass index. Body weight control behavior showed significant differences according to the interest in weight control, current weight control effort, reasons for weight control, secret method for weight loss, eating breakfast or not, and the amount of time exposed to mass media. In regard to the body weight control behavior according to the gender role identity type, the androgynous showed significantly higher tendency than other types. Conclusion: These findings suggest that health providers need to educate high-school girls about appropriate body image and weight control behavior. Also, more studies are needed to identify factors influencing weight control behavior.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.98-114
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• 2002

Purpose: This review examined literature relevant to adolescent's health behavior in order to identify key behaviors and factors related to health behaviors for targeting health promotion interventions. Method: A critical review of 29 research articles was carried out using the guidelines suggested by Cooper. Result: The majority of the studies were descriptive and cross-sectional. Generally. the study includes sub-dimensions such as general hygiene and daily life habit, safety and accident prevention, nutrition and eating (tobacco, drinking), exercise, mental health and stress management, health duty (drug, health examination, disease prevention). Factors highly related to health behaviors were age, living areas, economic status, parent health behaviors, parent health concern, social support, friends influence, self-efficacy, self-esteem, locus of control, and the perceived health status. Sex, parent education and health knowledge were not related to health behaviors of adolescents. Conclusion: Several conceptual and methodological problems were identified in the studies review, such as restricted conceptualization of health behaviors and sampling issues which limit the generalizability of the study outcomes. Further research is needed to enhance the concept clarification and generalizablity of the study results.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.384-394
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• 2019

Objectives: The study was performed to examine the dietary behaviors and life stress of middle school students in the Gyeonggi area. Methods: A total of 580 middle school students (295 males, 285 females) in the Gyeonggi area participated in the study between July and August in 2011. The study was a questionnaire-based survey that included dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and life stress. Results: For dietary habits, the score for drinking milk was higher in male students than in female students, whereas the score for eating fruits was higher in female students compared to male students. There were significant differences in foods eaten and preferred under stress between male and female students. Male students showed significantly less changes in the number of meals, amount of meal intake, number of snacks, snack intake, frequency of overeating, and appetite during stress than female students. Life stress score of students largely came from academic factors, and female students showed higher stress levels in personal and surrounding environment factors than male students. Life stress score was significantly lower in students with high and moderate levels of dietary habits than in students with a low level of dietary habits. Total score for dietary habits and scores for eating adequate amounts of foods for each meal, considering a combination of food groups at each meal and eating green and orange vegetables, were significantly negatively correlated with life stress score. Life stress score was significantly negatively correlated with meal regularity and positively with the level of overeating. Conclusions: This study may provide basic information on dietary habits and life stress according to gender and the relationship between dietary behaviors and life stress of middle school students, and it suggests gender-based nutrition education programs to solve undesirable dietary habits and dietary behaviors in students with higher stress.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to identify affecting factors on health behaviors among university students. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 161 participants between May and June 2020. The authors assessed functional health literacy, health self-efficacy, and health behaviors. Mean score of functional health literacy and health self-efficacy was 10.14±1.39 and 3.96±0.60, respectively. Of the subjects, 9.9% were smokers, 23.0% were problem drinking, 96.9% were those who needed monitoring of their eating habits, 63.4% were those with low or moderate physical activity, and 29.8% were those who were overweight or obesity. Gender and functional health literacy had an effect on smoking and eating habits, respectively. Gender and health self-efficacy were affecting factors on physical activity. Researchers should be sought strategies to promote health behavior considering gender, functional health literacy and health self-efficacy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.655-661
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• 2008

The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children has increased dramatically in recent years. Although AD has genetic determinants, this rapid increase is most likely due to changes in environmental influences--for example, dietary changes. The purpose of this case-control study was to assess the relationship between the risk of developing AD and dietary factors, including eating habits, food intake, and the consumption of various functional foods in children at ages of 7 or 8 years. 143 AD patients and 335 healthy children participated in this study. A mini-dietary assessment was utilized to evaluate the food intake and dietary patterns of the children, and other information, including demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, eating habits, and the frequency of functional food use was collected using a questionnaire. The results demonstrated that, among the demographic and socioeconomic factors assessed in this study, female gender, mother's employment, and the family history of AD significantly increased the risk of AD. However, no differences in dietary habits and specific food intake between AD patients and healthy controls were identified. On the other hand, the frequencies of taking multivitamin supplements, Spirulina, or gamma-linoleic acid were significantly higher in AD patients than in the controls. These data indicate that alterations in eating habits and the intake of certain foods may not be a critical cause associated with the risk of AD in school-age children, and caution should be taken in recommending food elimination diets for the purpose of preventing AD. Further studies are required in order to determine whether the intake of specific nutrients could contribute to the increase or prevention of the development of AD in school-age children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.123-132
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify factors related to hand washing practice among adolescents before and after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study was conducted using data from the 15th~16th (2019~2020) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, and the subjects of the study were 57,303 and 54,948 people who participated in the 2019 and 2020 study, respectively. The data were analyzed with frequency test, rao-scott 𝑥² test and multiple logistic regression analysis using SPSS 27.0. Results: Changes in the hand washing practice rate were observed before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in all five behaviors; before eating in school, after using the toilet in school, before eating at home, after using the toilet at home, and after returning home. The study found that the hand washing practice rate increased by 1.21-2.43 times after the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, as a result of logistic regression analysis, the hand washing practice rate before and after the COVID-19 pandemic was related to gender, region, school grade, school type, economic status, health status, and personal hygiene education experience. Conclusion: This study confirmed the importance of hand washing education to improve the hand washing practice rate in adolescents. It is necessary to develop and apply an effective youth hand washing education program in consideration of various variables that appeared as significant factors influencing the hand washing practice rate before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.7375-7379
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• 2015

A high prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini infection is usually found in wetland geographical areas of Thailand where people have traditional behavior of eating uncooked freshwater fish dishes which results in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) development. There were several approaches for reducing opisthorchiasis-linked CCA, but the prevalence remains high. To develop community participation as a suitable model for CCA prevention is, firstly, to know what factors are related. We therefore aimed to investigate factors associated with the community participation in CCA prevention among rural residents in wetland areas of Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand. This was a cross-sectional analytic study. All participants were 30-69 years of age, and only one member per house was invited to participate. A total of 906 participants were interviewed and asked to complete questionnaires. Independent variables were socio-demographic parameters, knowledge, health belief and behavior to prevent CCA. The dependent variable was community participation for CCA prevention. Descriptive statistics were computed as number, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Associations were assessed using logistic regression analysis with a P-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Of all the participants, more than 60% had regularly participated in activities to prevent CCA following health officials advice. Age and health behavior to prevent CCA were factors associated with community participation for CCA (p<0.001). Both factors will be taken into consideration for community participation approaches for CCA prevention through participatory action research (PAR) in future studies.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to obesity of mid-age women and to examine the relationship between obesity and chronic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. Methods: Using data from Korean American adults living in California, we analyzed the health behavior (diet, exercise, smoking, and binge drinking) and psychological stress of obese women with body mass index ${\geq}25$ by using chi-square test. Logistic regression was used to investigate independent effects of obesity on chronic diseases, after controlling for risk factors. Results: The prevalence of obesity appeared about 16.9%. The Obese group was less likely than the non-obese group to eat vegetables and more likely feel psychological stress. There were no significant differences in smoking, alcohol intake, and physical exercise between the two groups. Obesity was strongly related to chronic diseases (OR=4.642, 95% CI=1.328-16.222). Conclusion: This study suggests that obesity of mid-age women could be reduced by encouraging health behavior such as eating vegetables daily, performing physical exercise regularly, and taking care of emotional stress. Diet and physical activity interventions and emotional supports should be developed for weight loss and prevention of weight gain in mid-age women.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.118-128
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to investigate the affecting factors according to gender in older adults by using the 2012 Korea Health Panel data. Methods: The Korea Health Panel data 2012 were collected from February to August 2012 by Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs and National Health Insurance Corporation and the number of respondents were 1,921. The data were analyzed by t-test, chi-square, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression using SPSS/WIN program. Results: The limitation of activity was the most influential factor for health-related quality of life of both male and female. For male, the affecting factors on HRQoL were hearing problems and frustration. For female, the affecting factors on HRQoL were eating problems, depression and suicidal impulses. Drinking, moderate physical activities, vision problems and stress had a significant effect on HRQoL for both male and female. Conclusion: Health care providers should consider the differences between male and female when they design a program in order to improve HRQoL of older people.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.269-279
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships of nutritional and social factors among 100 children aged $5{\sim}6$ years. Forty five children (45%) were selected from families with low socioeconomic status, while 55 children (55%) were from those with high socioeconomic status. Cognitive performance of the children was measured by the Draw a man test and the degrees of hyperactivity were assessed by both children's mothers and their teachers using two different Check List (Behavior check list and Conner's rating scale). There were few associations between cognitive performance and nutritional variables. However, levels of hyperactivity were related positively to diversity of food intake and weight percentage for age, and negatively to animal and processed food preferences. These results indicate a possible role of nutrition on psychological development.