• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.529-534
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• 2014

Background In 2012, a new anatomic breast implant of form-stable silicone gel was introduced onto the Korean market. The intended use of this implant is in the area of aesthetic breast surgery, and many reports are promising. Thus far, however, there have been no reports on the use of this implant for breast reconstruction in Korea. We used this breast implant in breast reconstruction surgery and report our early experience. Methods From November 2012 to April 2013, the Natrelle Style 410 form-stable anatomically shaped cohesive silicone gel-filled breast implant was used in 31 breasts of 30 patients for implant breast reconstruction with an acellular dermal matrix. Patients were treated with skin-sparing mastectomies followed by immediate breast reconstruction. Results The mean breast resection volume was 240 mL (range, 83-540 mL). The mean size of the breast implants was 217 mL (range, 125-395 mL). Breast shape outcomes were considered acceptable. Infection and skin thinning occurred in one patient each, and hematoma and seroma did not occur. Three cases of wound dehiscence occurred, one requiring surgical intervention, while the others healed with conservative treatment in one month. Rippling did not occur. So far, complications such as capsular contracture and malrotation of breast implant have not yet arisen. Conclusions By using anatomic breast implants in breast reconstruction, we achieved satisfactory results with aesthetics better than those obtained with round breast implants. Therefore, we concluded that the anatomical implant is suitable for breast reconstruction.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.82-86
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• 2018

Craniocerebral gunshot injuries (CGIs) are extremely seldom happened in Korea because possession of individual firearm is illegal. So, CGIs are rarely encountered by Korean neurosurgeons or Korean trauma surgeons, though in other developing countries or Unites states of America their cases are indefatigably increasing. Management goal should focus on early aggressive, vigorous resuscitation. The treatments consist of immediate life salvage through correction of coagulopathy, intracranial decompression, prevention of infection and preservation of nervous tissue. There have been few studies involving penetrating CGIs in Korea. Here we present a case of penetrating gunshot wound in Korea. We present a 58-year-old man who was unintentionally shot by his colleague with a shotgun. The patients underwent computed tomography (CT) for assessment of intracranial injury. The bullet passed through the left parietal bone and right lateral ventricle and exited through the posterior auricular right temporal bone. After CT scan, he arrested and the cardiopulmonary resuscitation was conducted immediately. But we were unable to resuscitate him. This case report underscores the importance of the initial clinical exam and CT studies along with adequate resuscitation to make the appropriate management decision. Physicians should be familiar with the various injury patterns and imaging findings which are poor prognostic indicators.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.429-442
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• 1993

The cytotoxic effects of S hyodysenteriae strain B 204 on the mucosal surface were studied in surgically prepared ligated colonic loops in two male convenitonal mixed-breed pigs. In each one of four loops was inoculated with either sterile trypticase soy broth(TSB) of Serpulina, filtrate of Serpulina TSB culture. washed Serpulina cells or whole culture of Serpulina. Mucosal tissues were examined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy 24 and 48 hours after inoculation(p.i.). The filtrate did not induce any significant effect on the mucosal surface. The washed cells produced early lesions similar to those caused by the whole culture. These observations suggest that cytotoxins of the culture do not play a significant role in invasion of the epithelium in this experimental infection. The possible role of toxins associated with the organism at the site of interaction with the epithelial cells was not elucidated.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.157-163
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• 1996

Between January 1986 and June 1994, 23 patients underwent surgical intervention for infective endocarditis at Wonkwang University Hospital. There were 13 male and 5 female, ran ing in age from 13 to 67(mean 43.7 $\pm$ 5.8) years. 21 had native valve endocarditis and 2 had prosthetic valve endocardits. The most common causative organism was streptococci in 9 patients, and the others were staphylococci in 7 patients and unknown in 7 patients. The infection was in the mitral valve in 10 patients, the aortic valve in 6 patients, the aortic and mitral In 5 patients, 2 in tricuspid. Surgical indications for surgery were intractable congestive heart failure, giant growing vegetation and severe valvular insufficiency. There were 3 perioperative death (13%) and no late death. The main causes of death were cerebral embolism in 2 due to recurrent endocarditis and low cardiac output in 1. By NYHA functional classification, all patients were in class III or IV preoperatively, and all patients were improved postoperatively with HYHA functional classification in class I or II. In conclussion, early operative intervention is life-salving in patients with persistent or progres ive congestive heart failure, irrespective of the activity of the infectious process or the duration of antibiotic therapy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.178-182
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• 2011

Background: We analyzed the results of surgical reduction and fixation of ribs under thoracic epidural anesthesia and analgesia (TEA) in patients who had no more than 3 consecutive rib fractures with severe displacement to examine the clinical usefulness of this method. Materials and Methods: From May 2008 to March 2010, 35 patients underwent surgical reduction and fixation of ribs under TEA. We reviewed the indications for this technique, number of fixed ribs, combined surgical procedures for thoracic trauma, intraoperative cardiopulmonary events, postoperative complications, reestablishment of enteral nutrition, and ambulation. Results: The indications of TEA were malunion or nonunion of fractured ribs in 29 (82.9%; first operation) and incompletely ribs under previous general anesthesia in 6 (17.1%; second operation). The average number of fixed ribs per patient was 1.7 (range: 1~3). As a combined operation for thoracic trauma, 17 patients (48.6%) underwent removal of intrathoracic hematomas, and we performed repair of lung parenchyma (2), wedge resection of lung (1) for accompanying lung injury and pericardiostomy (1) for delayed hemopericardium. No patient had any intraoperative cardiopulmonary event nor did any need to switch to general anesthesia. We experienced 3 postoperative complications (8.6%): 2 extrapleural hematomas that spontaneously resolved without treatment and 1 wound infection treated with secondary closure of the wound. All patients reestablished oral feeding immediately after awakening and resumed walking ambulation the day after operation. Conclusion: Thoracic epidural anesthesia and analgesia (TEA) may positively affect cardiopulmonary function in the perioperative period. Moreover, this technique leads to an earlier return of gastrointestinal function and early ambulation without severe postoperative complications, resulting in a shortened hospital stay and lowered costs.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.303-307
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• 2008

Cotyledon Black Decay (CBD) on soybean sprout mimics the black spot due to microbial infection. CBD, not visible or predictable at seedlot state, for some reason, shows up exclusively on cotyledon of soybean sprout during sprouting process. Such an incidence rate fluctuated from 0.8 to 19.5% over three years from 2004. We suspected some pod-infecting anthracnose fungi and/or pod-blight pathogen, or pod-sucking bean bug, one of the major pests of soybean, might have involved, of which we ruled out fungal pathogen because it was preventable through heat treatment, a proven method for seedlot disinfestation. The healthy seeds artificially fed by bean bug for one to seven days were sprouted, and 6 to 41% of the soybean sprout revealed the CBD mimic to those occurred in soybean sprout from previous commercial seedlot screening experiments. This finding is the first report to confirm that bean bug damage to pod at $R_8$ stage is directly responsible for the CBD, which did not concur with any other deleterious effects on sprouting such as reduction in hypocotyls elongation and rooting except unsightly sprout quality. However, earlier feeding either at green pod or greenish yellow pod stage ($R_6$ -early $R_7$ stage) resulted in rather severe damages, which strikingly reduced hypocotyls growth to about one forth to about two third, as well as the reduction in rates of seed germination.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2007

Purpose: To report the clinical results and efficacies of one stage reverse lateral supramalleolar adipofascial flap for soft tissue reconstruction of the foot and ankle joint. Material and Methods: We performed 5 cases of one stage reverse lateral supramalleolar adipofascial flap from Jan 2005 to Sept 2005. All patients were males and mean age was 50(36~59) years old. The causes of soft tissue defects were 1 diabetic foot, 2 crushing injuries of the foot, 1 open fracture of the calcaneus, and 1 chronic osteomyelitis of the medial cuneiform bone. Average size of the flap was 3.6(3~4)${\times}$4.6(4~6) cm. All flaps were harvested as adipofascial flap and were performed with the split-thickness skin grafts (STSG) above the flaps simultaneously. Results: All flap survived completely and good taking of STSG on the flap was achieved in all cases. There were no venous congestion and marginal necrosis of the flap. In diabetic foot case, wound was healed at 4 weeks after surgery due to wound infection. There was no contracture on the grafted sites. Ankle and toe motion were not restricted at last follow up. All patients did not have difficulty in wearing shoes. Conclusion: The reverse lateral supramalleolar adipofascial flap and STSG offers a valuable option for repair of exposure of the tendon and bone around the ankle and foot. Also one stage procedure with STSG can give more advantages than second stage with FTSG, such as good and fast take-up, early ambulation and physical therapy, and good functional result.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.383-386
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• 2008

Osteomyelitis is considered an inflammatory condition of bone that usually begins as an infection of the medullary cavity and quickly extends to periosteum of the area. Early acute osteomyelitis of the mandible is usually characterized by deep, intense pain, high intermittent fever, paresthesia or anesthesia of the lower lip and a clearly identifiable cause. If the disease is not controlled or inadequately treated after onset, acute osteomyelitis progresses to a chronic form. The diagnosis of mandibular osteomyelitis rests on processing for identification of microbiologic isolates and on imaging studies to determine the extent of disease. Mandibular osteomyelitis often is associated with involvement of the masticator space and can exhibit symtoms similar to temporomandibular disorder including orofacial pain and limited mouth opening. Advanced imaging modalities can be helpful in obtaining a proper diagnosis.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 1998

It was reported that the etiologies of recurrent spontaneous abortion are immunologic factors, endocrinologic problems, anatomical abnormalities, genetic abnormalities, infection, and unexplained factors. Among those etiologic factors, genetic abnormalities occur in about 5% of the couples who experience recurrent spontaneous abortions, and most common parental chromosomal abnormality contributing to recurrent abortion is balanced translocation. The advent of in vitro fertilization (IVF), the development of skills associated with the handling of human embryo, and an explosion of knowledge in molecular biology have opened the possibility of early diagnosis of genetic disease in preimplantation embryos. Therefore preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is indicated for couples, infertile or not, at risk of transmitting a genetic disease. A case of successful pregnancy and term delivery by PGD using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique in patient with recurrent spontaneous abortion due to balanced translocation is presented with brief review of literatures.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1989

A scanning electron microscopic study on the glochidium and glchidial encystment of Anodonta grandis on the guppy was conducted. The shape of the glochidium is apparently triangular and its averge size is 0.45mm X0.4mm when closed, The two glochidial shell valves are of the same size, kept together by a ligament of 120${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in length and 7 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in width. Each of the glochidial shell valves has a 16 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ long hook sitdded with many spines on the superior face. A large area to the apex of the valve surrounding the base of the hook is provided with numerous small spines which become progressively smaller towards the periphery of the area, The external surface of the glochidial shell valve is covered with numerous small processes showing successive change in the shape and the pattern of destribution by part. Besides the processes, there are a number of niches scattered all over the exterior surface. The glochidial shell valve has two layers. One is the outer thin membrane bearing the processes and the niches and the others is the inner layer bearing numerous holes which any accessory structure and 2.65 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in diameter, emerges from a canal located at center of ventral plate of the mamtle, A total of three types of the hair cells are observed. In present artificial infection of the glochidium to the guppy, it took about three to four hours to complete an early cysts, During the period of encystment, The epithelial cells of the host fish actively migrated toward the attached glochidium and covered it.