• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.150-154
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• 2001

Purpose: Multiple early gastric cancers were found in $6.9\∼11.7\%$ of patients with early gastric cancer. The goal of this study was to clarify the clinicopathologic features of and to investigate treatment strategy for multiple early gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: Of 967 patients with an gastric adenocarcinoma who were treated by surgical resection during the period of $1993\∼1998$ at the Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, 267 patients had early gastric cancer. A retrospective analysis of the clinicopathologic differences between the main and the accessory lesions in multiple early gastric cancer was carried out. A comparative analysis was also conducted between solitary early gastric cancer and multiple early gastric cancer. Results: Of 267 patients with early gastric cancer, multiple early gastric cancers were found in 12 patients ($4.5\%$), including 10 men and 2 women. Eleven patients with multiple early gastric cancer had one accessory lesion and 1 patient had 2 accessory lesions. Of the 13 accessory lesions, 7 ($53.8\%$) were located in the same region as the main lesion. The most frequent combination of macroscopic types for the main lesion and the accessory lesion were depressed and depressed types (6 cases, $46.1\%$). The most frequent histologic type of main lesion was a well differentiated adenocarcinoma in 7 ($58.3\%$) of the 12 cases; the accessory lesion was also well differentiated in 4 of those 7 cases. Of the 13 accessory lesions, 4 ($30.8\%$) had been overlooked preoperatively; most of them were located in the lower third of the stomach and were IIb or IIc type and measured less than 1 cm in diameter. Lymph node metastasis was detected in 1 patient ($8.3\%$). The clinicopathologic features of multiple early gastric cancer were not different from those of solitary early gastric cancer. Conclusion: In multiple early gastric cancer, the main and the accessory lesions showed similar differentiation, and lymph node metastasis was less frequent than in solitary early gastric cancer. Therefore, limited procedures, including endoscopic mucosal resection, may be indicated if each lesion of the multiple early gastric cancer fits the criteria for treatment strategy.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.363-375
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• 2002

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the trend of research on cancer prevention and early detection in Korea, in order to suggest a future direction of research on cancer prevention and early detection for Koreans. Methods: A total of 97 studies published from 1980 to 2001 were analyzed according to the year of publication, research design, journal type, cancer type, major study concepts, and findings. Results: 1) The number of studies related to cancer prevention and early detection had increased rapidly since the year 1995. 2) The most frequently used research design in the studies was the descriptive study design (55.7%). 3) There were 10 master's theses on cancer prevention and early detection, and 10 studies published in the Korean Epidemiology Journal. 4) When classified by the published field, 47 studies (48.5%) were published in nursing journals, 46 studies (47.4%) were published in medical journals, and 4 studies (4.1%) were published in public health journals. 5) The major topics of the studies were cancer prevention (51.5%), early detection (44.4%), and cancer prevention and early detection (4.1%). 6) Breast cancer was the most largely addressed issue in the studies (N=25; 25.7%), followed by lung cancer (N=23; 23.7%), hepatoma (N=17; 17.5%), gastric cancer (N=16; 16.5%), other general type of cancer (N=6; 6.2%), colorectal cancer (N=5; 5.2%) and cervical cancer (N=5; 5.2%). Conclusion: It is suggested that there should be more studies on cancer prevention and early detection in the future, and, particularly, experimental studies to exam the effects of intervention on cancer prevention and early detection are considered necessary.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.52-60
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• 2012

Purpose: This study is to determine knowledge about early detection and risk perception of cancer according to taking cancer screening tests in the general population. Methods: The participants were 151 people aged 40 years or older. A questionnaire consisted of knowledge about early detection (warning signs, cancer screening methods, general knowledge for early detection), cancer risk perception and history of cancer screening during past 2 years. Results: The percentages of correct answers were 64.7% in knowledge about warning signs, 73.7% in knowledge of cancer screening tests and 80.1% in general knowledge for early detection. Participants had the highest knowledge about screening methods for stomach cancer and the lowest for liver and colon cancer. The level of risk perception was medium. The participants who participated in cancer screening showed lower risk perception than those who did not. There was no significant relationship between knowledge and performance of cancer screening. The primary reason for not participating in cancer screening was patient's perception of their own health. Conclusion: These results suggest that cancer risk perception can affect the performance of cancer screening and we need to study how to handle this problem. Additionally screening programs should focus on liver cancer and colon cancer.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.441-450
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of cancer prevention and early detection education on cancer-related knowledge, attitudes, and preventive health behavior of middle-aged women in Korea. The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 38 middle-aged women from a church in Taegu. An Experimental group of 19 and a control group of 19 women were studied. The study was conducted from September 21, 2000 to October 27, 2000. The cancer prevention and early detection education had been provided to the experimental group for 2 weeks. The contents of the education program for the third most prevalent cancer of Korean women were : 'the risk factors of cancer', 'the early symptoms of cancer', 'the diagnostic test for cancer detection', and 'the cancer prevention methods'. The instruments used for this study were modified, cancer-related knowledge, and attitude, preventive health behavior tools of Suh et al.(1998). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, $\chi^2$-test, t-test, ANCOVA with SPSS WIN 9.0/PC. The results were as follows : 1) Hypothesis 1 that the women who get cancer prevention and early detection education will have higher scores of the cancer-related knowledge than the women do not get cancer prevention and early detection education was accepted(F=4.732, p=.037). 2) Hypothesis 2 that the women who get cancer prevention and early detection education will have higher scores of cancer-related attitudes than the women do not get cancer prevention and early detection education was rejected(F=.118, p=.733). 3) Hypothesis 3 that the women who get cancer prevention and early detection education will have higher scores of cancer-related preventive health behavior than the women who do not get cancer prevention and early detection education was rejected(F=2.250, p=.143). On the basis of the above findings, the following recommendations are suggested : 1) It is necessary to identify the variables affected on cancer-related knowledge, attitudes and preventive health behavior. 2) It is necessary to develop a well organized cancer prevention and early detection education program to change cancer-related attitude and preventive health behavior.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.159-170
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• 2023

Maintaining the postoperative quality of life (QOL) while ensuring curability without overtreatment is important in the treatment of early gastric cancer. Postoperative QOL is anticipated to be maintained through minimally invasive function-preserving gastrectomy in early gastric cancer. The concept of the sentinel lymph node (SN) basin is essential to maintain the curability of early gastric cancer using minimally invasive function-preserving gastrectomy. However, additional resection after surgery is difficult to perform in gastric cancer. Thus, the SN basin theory is important. Recently, a multicenter randomized phase III trial in South Korea (SENORITA trial) proved that laparoscopic sentinel node navigation surgery (LSNNS) for stomach preservation results in better postoperative QOL compared with standard gastrectomy in patients with early gastric cancer. LSNNS contributes to patients' QOL based on the concept that curability is not impaired. A multicenter nonrandomized phase III trial is ongoing in Japan, and oncologic safety is expected to be demonstrated. LSNNS has been established as a treatment option for selected patients with early gastric cancer, and its application will become widespread in the future.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2016

Purpose: Early gastric cancer cases that are estimated to meet indications for treatment before endoscopic submucosal resection are often revealed to be out-of-indication after the treatment. We investigated the short-term treatment outcomes in patients with early gastric cancer according to the pretreatment clinical endoscopic submucosal resection indications. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with early gastric cancer that met the pretreatment endoscopic submucosal resection indications, from 2004 to 2011. Curative resection rate and proportion of out-of-indication cases were compared according to the pre-endoscopic submucosal resection indications. Pre-endoscopic submucosal resection factors associated with out-of-indication in the final pathological examination were analyzed. Results: Of 756 cases, 660 had absolute and 96 had expanded pre-endoscopic submucosal resection indications. The curative resection rate was significantly lower in the patients with expanded indications (64.6%) than in those with absolute indications (81.7%; P<0.001). The cases with expanded indications (30.2%) were revealed to be out-of-indication more frequently than the cases with absolute indications (13.8%; P<0.001). Age of >65 years, tumor size of >2 cm, tumor location in the upper-third segment of the stomach, and undifferentiated histological type in pre-endoscopic submucosal resection evaluations were significant risk factors for out-of-indication after endoscopic submucosal resection. Conclusions: Non-curative resection due to out-of-indication occurred in approximately one-third of the early gastric cancer cases that clinically met the expanded indications before endoscopic submucosal resection. The possibility of additional surgery should be empha-sized for patients with early gastric cancers that clinically meet the expanded indications.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.229-237
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• 2014

Background: Dentists are typically the first professionals who are approached to treat ailments within the oral cavity. Therefore they should be well-equipped in detecting suspicious lesions during routine clinical practice. This study determined the levels of knowledge on early signs and risk factors associated with oral cancer and identified which factors influenced dentist participation in prevention and early detection of oral cancer. Materials and Methods: A survey on dentists' knowledge and their practices in prevention and early detection of oral cancer was conducted using a 26-item self-administered questionnaire. Results and Conclusions: A response rate of 41.7% was achieved. The level of knowledge on early signs and risk habits associated with oral cancer was high and the majority reported to have conducted opportunistic screening and advised patients on risk habit cessation. Factors that influenced the dentist in practising prevention and early detection of oral cancer were continuous education on oral cancer, age, nature of practice and recent graduation. Notably, dentists were receptive to further training in the area of oral cancer detection and cessation of risk habits. Taken together, the study demonstrated that the dental clinic is a good avenue to conduct programs on opportunistic screening, and continuous education in these areas is necessary to adequately equip dentists in running these programs. Further, this study also highlighted knowledge deficits and practice shortcomings which will help in planning and developing programs that further encourage better participation of dentists in prevention and early detection of oral cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.4157-4160
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• 2015

Treatment of early stage ovarian cancer remains controversial despite advances in chemotherapeutic options. Over the past 30 years, molecular and clinicopathologic studies accelerated and treatment of ovarian cancer has undoubtedly improved although there is a debate as to whether this impacts outcome or not. More recently, the introduction of targeted therapy started a new era. Probably it is because early stage disease comprises a small portion of the epithelial ovarian cancer, studies have mostly ignored this group and still there is no clear consensus regarding systemic treatment of early-stage lesions. However this group of patients has the best chance of cure. In this review, we focus on current developments in the treatment of early stage ovarian cancer and query the options.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.53-65
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the current status of cancer screening among subjects in the lung cancer screening cycle and to analyze the factors affecting the cancer screening of subjects in the lung cancer screening cycle. Methods: This study used the 'National Health and Nutrition Survey 7th Year (2017)' surveyed nationwide as the main data. The subjects are lung cancer screening projects, the dependent variable is early cancer screening, the independent variables are gender, age, marital status, household income level, education level, national health insurance type, private health insurance, The number of chronic diseases, general health examination, smoking status, drinking status, moderate intensity physical activity, stress perception rate, and weight control efforts were determined. Results: The results of this study showed that factors affecting early cancer screening of lung cancer screening subjects were gender, age, marital status, education level, national health insurance, smoking status, drinking status, moderate physical activity, and weight. Irrespective of the control effort, it was found that the private medical insurance, the number of chronic diseases, the medical examination, and the stress perception rate were affected. Conclusion: If the lung cancer screening subjects recognize the importance of early cancer screening themselves and create a social environment to increase their participation rate, lung cancer screening patients and their families will help them to live a healthy life.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.71-77
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• 2009

Endoscopic resection is one of the curative options for early gastric cancer. However, based on large-scale data about the risk of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer, endoscopic resection has been attempted for the following: differentiated intramucosal gastric cancer, regardless of size and without ulcers; differentiated intramucosal cancer, 30 mm in size with ulcers; minute submucosal differentiated cancer <30 mm in size; and undifferentiated intramucosal cancer, <20 mm in diameter without venous or lymphatic involvement. However, undifferentiated early gastric cancer exhibits different biologic behavior from differentiated early gastric cancer. Thus, the application of endoscopic resection for undifferentiated early gastric cancer remains controversial. In this review, we discuss the application of endoscopic resection for undifferentiated early gastric cancer based on analysis of biologic behavior and data of endoscopic resection.