• Title/Summary/Keyword: early ages

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EVALUATION OF SUCCESS RATE AND TEMPORARY HYPOXIA IN PEDIATRIC DENTAL SEDATION USING CHLORAL HYDRATE AND HYDROXYZINE (Chloral hydrate와 hydroxyzine을 사용한 진정 요법의 성공률과 저산소증의 발생에 관한 연구)

  • Jung, Ji-Hye;Park, Ki-Tae
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.337-344
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    • 2001
  • The combination of chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine is one of the safest and most commonly used drug regimens for sedating young, uncooperative pediatric dental patients. The continuous monitoring of respiratory function and early recognition of respiratory difficulties are essential for the successful management of sedated dental patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the success rate of the sedation and the hypoxia through monitoring the oxygen desaturation in the pulse oximeter in pediatric dental patients sedated with 60mg/kg chloral hydrate and 25mg hydroxyzine. The following results were obtained : 1. The success rate of the sedation was 69.6% and there was no statistically significant difference among the groups based on the ages, weight and duration of the operative time. 2. Forty two percentage of the sedated patients showed the temporary hypoxia state and there was no statistically significant difference based on the ages and weights of the patients. But there was a statistically significant difference on the duration of the operative time.

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STUDIES ON MILK PRODUCTION AND GROWTH OF FRIESIAN × BUNAJI CROSSES: II. GROWTH TO YEARLING AGE

  • Malau-Aduli, A.E.O.;Abubakar, B.Y.;Dim, N.I.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.9 no.5
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    • pp.509-513
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    • 1996
  • The data analysed consisted of body weight records at birth, and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age of 549 half Friesian $\times$ Bunaji crossbred heifers collected over a twenty-five year period (1965-1989). Least squares $means{\pm}s.e$. of body weights at birth, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age were $26.7{\pm}1.3$, $72.4{\pm}4.5$, $112.9{\pm}6.9$, $147.2{\pm}9.2$ and $182.1{\pm}11.1kg$, respectively. Year of birth was highly significant (p < 0.01) in affecting body weights at all ages, while the effect of month of birth was not. Seasonal influence on birth weight and body weights at 3 and 6 months of age was significant (p < 0.05). Phenotypic correlations between body weights at all ages were positive and highly significant (p < 0.01), ranging from 0.30 to 0.79. The results of this study showed that the beneficial effect of crossbreeding Friesian with Bunaji cattle was reflected in the growth performance of the $F_1$ crosses, since they grew faster than the indigenous Bunaji from brith to yearling age. The study also indicated that heifer selection for yearling body weight can be done early on the basis of weights at 3 and 6 months of age.

A Study on the Costume of the Gods in the Ancient Roman Myths (고대 로마 신화에 등장한 신들의 복식 연구)

  • 임상임;추미경
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.945-956
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    • 2001
  • The costume for gods in the Ancient Roman myth was studied by examining in the embossed-carving, sculptures, mural-painting and various documents of the period. The clothes item, hairstyle, symbol & ornaments and shoes of the gods in the Roman myths were analyzed to understand the formative process in the religious costumes, and results are as follows. First, the costumes for male gods are the same as those for ordinary men lived in ages, including toga, paludamentum, tebenna, tunica. The costumes for female gods are also the same as those for ordinary women lived in ages, including stola, palla, tunica. Second, the hairstyle of male gods is short curled-hair, twisty roll-up hair and braid long-hair due to the influence of Etrurian in the early days. Another hairstyle is appeared in form of the laurelled-crown. The hairstyle of female gods is curled long-hair, chignon style and braid roll-up hair decorated with hairband. Third, the symbol & ornaments which represent the responsible possession of male gods, are appeared in beard, a stick of the message, arrow-case, offering-dish, antlered-glass, shield, spear-handle, as the superhuman forms, such as the lightning shape. For female gods they are is appeared plastron, a stick of the message, flower. some female gods wear necklace, foot-ring, bracelet. Fourth, male gods wear shoes in forms of sandal, buskin, boots, but all female gods are in barefoot. It could be explained by the fact that a man-centered society in the ancient roman is reflected in the world of gods. As mentioned, Gods costume in Roman myths was very similar to or nothing different from the ordinary peoples in Rome. However, they used corps, sacrifices or sepcific symbols depending on the fields that they were responsible for in order to be distinguished from the ordinary people. This is the result from the peoples expression that they should keep a close relationship with Gods hoping to be protected, and rely on them under whatever circumstances.

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Measurements on Radiographs of the Foot in Normal Children (족부측방촬영을 통한 정상 아동의 족근골 및 중족골간 각도 계측 결과)

  • Ko, Cheol-Eon;Cho, Hyoun-Oh;Kwak, Kyoung-Duck;Kim, Byeong-Yong;Son, Soo-Min;Moon, Jin-Kyoung;Oh, Pil-Hwan
    • Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.75-80
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    • 1997
  • Radiographs were made of the feet of one hundred and twenty four normal children who were ranged in age from 1 to 13 years. On lateral radiographs that were made with the feet in standing, the talo-first metatarsal, calcaneal pitch and calcaneo-fifth metatarsal angles and arch ratio were measured. Most of the children in this study revealed flattened feet in earlier ages and the mean values were changed with age up to normal range later in the early school ages. These data might provide one of the standard for assessment of the flatfoot in children. However, the diagnosis and treatment of the flatfoot should be based on clinical assessment and radiographic values should not determine clinical management even if the values are beyond the normal range.

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Effect of Steam Curing on the Properties of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (증기양생이 순환골재 콘크리트의 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Seung-Tae;Choi, Jin-Yeop;Park, Ki-Tae;Seo, Dong-Woo;You, Young-Jun
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.99-107
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    • 2014
  • In this study, the effects of curing procedures on the mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) were investigated. The replacement ratios by recycled coarse aggregate were 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% by mass of natural coarse aggregate. Steam curing was adopted to all recycled aggregate concrete mixtures. Compressive and split tensile strength, water porosity, chloride ions penetration resistance and drying shrinkage measurements were carried out to determine performance of the RACs. From the test results, it was found that the mechanical performance of RAC decreased as the recycled aggregate contents increased. Furthermore, steam curing reduced the compressive and split tensile strength, water porosity and total charge of RAC, especially at the early ages. However, at the later ages, the beneficial effect of steam curing was less prominent. This study clearly showed that initial steam curing could be one of practical methods to improve performance of RAC with higher replacement ratio of recycled aggregate.

Growth and Development of Grafted Cucumber Transplants as Affected by Seedling Ages of Scions and Rootstocks and Light Intensity during Their Cultivation in a Closed Production System

  • Kwack, Yurina;Park, Seon Woo;Chun, Changhoo
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.32 no.5
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    • pp.600-606
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    • 2014
  • The objective of this study was to determine the effects of seedling ages of scions and rootstocks for grafting and light intensity during their cultivation in a closed transplant production system on the growth and development of grafted cucumber transplants. Cucumber scions and rootstocks were cultivated under 5 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) levels: 100, 140, 180, 230, and $280{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ in a closed transplant production system. The scions were grafted onto the rootstocks at 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 days after sowing (DAS). Hypocotyl length of scions and rootstocks decreased significantly as PPF increased, and an increase in dry weight with increasing PPF was more pronounced in scions. After grafting, cucumber transplants were grown in a greenhouse until 22 DAS and were then transplanted for investigation of their growth and development. Plant height, leaf area, and fresh weight of cucumber transplants grafted at 8, 9, and 10 DAS were greater, but light intensity during cultivation of scions and rootstocks did not significantly affect the early growth of cucumber transplants after grafting. The number of female flowers in grafted cucumber after transplanting was highest when scions and rootstocks were cultivated under PPF 140 and $180{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ and were grafted at 8 DAS. These results indicate that controlling environmental conditions in a closed transplant production system during the production of scions and rootstocks can advance grafting time and promote the growth and development of grafted cucumber transplants.

Study of the Last Volcanic Activity on Historical Records on Jeju Island, Korea (고문헌에 기록된 제주도 최후기 화산활동에 관한 연구)

  • Ahn, Ung San
    • The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.69-83
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    • 2016
  • Radiocarbon and OSL ages of three monogenetic volcanoes inferred to be the last volcanoes on Jeju Island, Korea were determined to identify a volcano described in historical records. The results show that the ages of those volcanoes are roughly <3.8 ka (Songaksan), >4.5 ka (Biyangdo), and <6~7 ka (Ilchulbong). Though our efforts to make a positive match between historical records and volcano-chronological dating were not successful, we make a new suggestion in this paper that two historical records of volcanic activity in 1002 and 1007 A.D. could be interpreted to be the sequential volcanic events from a single monogenetic volcano. In addition, based on a volcanological reinterpretation of historical records, we infer that the volcano described therein is most likely Mt. Songaksan, in Daejeongeup, which had early phreatomagmatic and late magmatic activities after 3.8 ka ago. Furthermore, considering the geopolitical relationship between the Goryeo Dynasty and the Tamna Kingdom, in addition with the culture of the era, this study sheds new light on the possibility that there is a time gap between the actual eruptions and the historical recording of them by ancient people.

Lead isotope ratios characteristics of Excavated bronzes from Korea peninsula (출토 지역과 시대에 따른 한국 청동기의 납동위원소비 분류 특성)

  • Kim, So-Jin;Han, Woo-Rim;Hwang, Jin-Ju;Jeong, Youn-Joong;Han, Min-su
    • 보존과학연구
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    • s.36
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    • pp.4-10
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    • 2015
  • This paper confirms characteristics of lead isotopes of bronze artifacts excavated from Korea peninsula using 673 data classified according to Age, type and region. Lead isotopes data in Early iron ages are distributed in the southern Korean peninsula, but data in Joseon ages are concentrated in zone 3. Also Bronze artifacts excavated from Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Jeolla and Gyeonsang are manufactured using raw materials of the entire Korea peninsula, but bronzes excavated from North Korea aren't produced using raw materials of Gyeonsang provinces. Lead isotopes data will be able to find moving routes of raw materials and to separate the period of mixing and recycling of lead.

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A Research on the Types of Middle Aged Women's Body Figures (중년 여성의 체형에 관한 연구 - 직접계측을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Kyung-Hee
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.677-687
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    • 2007
  • This research aims to classify the physical characteristics of middle aged women. The characteristics are esteemed to be adopted for the formalisation of the types of their body figures and their characteristics for each type. For this purpose, middle aged women in the significant change of their body shapes were sampled for body measurement which would be used for the comparison between each measured figure. A group of sample for this research was constructed with 154 middle aged women who is currently living in Seoul and its Metropolitan area and being in their age of $35{\sim}59$. Particularly, the analysis on the girth of belly shows a significant difference subject to each age group so that a distinguished change in the girth of belly is observed as the age gets older. With the SPSS programme, the physical characteristics of middle aged women were analysed by the variation analysis and correlation analysis. In terms of the analysis on the body mass index and the flatness index, the observed result that there is a significant difference between the indices for late middle aged women and early and mid middle aged women shows far more different result from Yu-Kyung Choi(1997) that the body figures of middle aged women tend to start rapidly to change from their ages of 49. This can be explained to some extent in that the increased interest in much healthier and slimmer body shapes beginning from widely-spread so called "well-being" syndrome results in the increase in the number of middle aged women taking care of their health management so that the ages starting their body shape to become obese tend to be deferred. Another explanation is also feasible to partly extent that the middle aged women living in Seoul and Kyung-Gi area are much more looking after their health management than those living in other areas. However, this research has a limitation in that the physical measurement for this research has been conducted focusing on the women living in Seoul and Kyung-Gi area. Hence, it is further expected going forward that the physical measurement for middle aged women living in other areas should follow for the comparison purpose.

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Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag Concretes (무시멘트 알칼리 활성 고로슬래그 콘크리트의 배합에 따른 재료 역학적 특성)

  • Song, Jin-Kyu;Lee, Kang-Seok;Han, Sun-Ae;Kim, Young-In
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2008.04a
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    • pp.1005-1008
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study is to estimate basic mechanical properties of alkali-activated concretes based on GGBS(Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag). In this study, various mix ratios of alkali activated concretes based on sodium silicate and GGBS were set to evaluate concrete's compressive strengths and strains on the basis of results of existing alkali-activated cements and preliminary concrete tests, which were already performed by authors [Ref. 1]. Compressive strengths of concretes of ages 1, 3, 7, 28, 56 and 91 days were tested and investigated, respectively, and at early ages (< 7days) alkali-activated slag concrete (AASC) showed a high strength development, compared to that of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). A compressive strengths of AASC at age-3days range between 18 and 24 MPa, while those of OPC range 12 and 15 MPa. The stress-strain curve after maximum stress, on the other hand, is approximately reached at a compressive strain between 0.002 and 0.0025, which mechanical property is very similar to that of OPC.

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