• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.119-124
• /
• 2009

In this paper, AMR-WB+ audio coder is implemented, in real-time, using Intel 400MHz Xscale PXA250 with 32bit RISC processor ARM9E-J(R)core. The assembly code for ARM9E-J(R)core is developed through the serial process of C code optimization, cross compile, assembly code manual optimization and adjusting the optimized code to Embedded Visual C++ platform. C code is trimmed on Visual C++ platform. Cross compile and assembly code manual optimization are performed on CodeWarrior with ARM compiler. Through these stages the code for both ARM EVM board and PDA is implemented. The average complexities of the code are 160.75MHz on encoder and 33.05MHz on decoder. In case of static link library(SLL), the required memories are 65.21Kbyte, 32.01Kbyte and 279.81Kbyte on encoder, decoder and common sources, respectively. The implemented coder is evaluated using 16 test vectors given by 3GPP to verify the bit-exactness of the coder.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.194-200
• /
• 2007

In order to enhance the functionality and storage period of traditional fermented foods, the strain CH-14, which To enhance the quality of traditional fermented foods, and to lengthen acceptable storage periods, a bacterial strain, CH-14, showing potent enzyme activities and antibacterial capabilities, was isolated and characterize4 The bacterium wn Gram-positive, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, formed endospores, expressed flagella, was rod-shaped, and had dimensions of 0.5 0.7m and 3.5 4.2m. The bacterium CH-14 was identified as Bacillus subtilis using Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, and an API 50 CHL Carbohydrate Test Kit. An optimum growth medium contained 2% (w/v) cellobiose as a carbon source, a mixture of 0.5% (w/v) yeast extract and 0.5% (w/v) peptone as nitrogen sources, and 0.05% (w/v) $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$. The optimal culture temperature and the optimal initial pH were in the ranges of 30 $45^{\circ}C$ and 4.5 10.0, respectively. Maximum production of the antibacterial substance occurred after 24h of culture. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the antibacterial substance were 5mg bacterial dry weight/mL against E. coli and P. mirabilis, and 10 mg/mL against S. aureus, S. enteritidis and V. parahaemolyticus.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.247-256
• /
• 2004

The modern government's role: As an enterprise (To be efficient and effective.); as a service and information provider (government processes that are unique to government). The modern government's role demand interoperation. The Web services architecture is based upon the interactions among three components: Service provider, service broker and service requestor. Service broker is sometimes referred to as service registry. The interactions involve publish, find and bind operations. The paper introduces the concept of web services as a way to realize interoperation between distributed applications. The paper addresses interoperation between e-government and citizen. The motivation of this work was to determine the potentials of the Web services technology for an interoperability infrastructure for e-government. In many countries, the traditional governments have many problems that stem from both insufficient and improper use of ICT. "Insufficient use" refers to the traditional means such as manual archiving systems. "Improper use", on the other hand, refers to the lack of an interoperability infrastructure within and among the government agencies. In this work.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.693-703
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Sonicare $Elite^{(R)}$ power toothbrush in plaque removal and reduction of gingivitis from hard-to-reach sites of the moderate periodontitis compared to regular manual toothbrush in 12 week follow-up. 82 subjects with incipient to moderate periodontitis were randomly assigned to use either the manual or sonic brush, instructed in its use, and asked to brush 2 times a day for 2 minutes. Plaque scores were taken at baseline, 1, 4, 12 weeks using Silness & $L\ddot{o}e$ plaque index and gingival inflammation was assessed by the $L\ddot{o}e$ & Silness gingival index. The results were as follows. 1. The Sonicare $Elite^{(R)}$ power toothbrush showed a significant reduction(p<0.0001) of the plaque(Silness & $L\ddot{o}e$) and gingival inflammation(Loe & Silness). 2. The Sonicare $Elite^{(R)}$ power toothbrush showed a significant better reduction of plaque and gingivitis(p<0.05) than the manual toothbrush after 1, 4, and 12 weeks. 3. The Sonicare $Elite^{(R)}$ power toothbrush demonstrated a significant reduction(p<0.0001) of the plaque in interproximal sites(p<0.0001), buccal sites(p<0.0001) and the lingual sites(p=0.00l8) of the teeth. 4. The Sonicare $Elite^{(R)}$ power toothbrush demonstrated a significant reduction(p<0.0001) of the gingival inflammation in the interproximal sites(p<0.0001), the buccal sites(p<0.0001) and the lingual sites(p<0.0001) of the teeth. The results of this study support the findings that Sonicare $Elite^{(R)}$ power toothbrush has a great potential to remove the plaque and resolve the gingival inflammation during the period of 12 week.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.133-155
• /
• 2005

This Paper makes an attempt to suggest a process of automatically generating application software based on the Entity-Relationship model 1. The designer develops an E-R model of an real-world system. 2. The designer inputs the entity and relationship types, and attributes shown in the E-R model, and also the basic operations of the application system to the software generator. 3. The application generator produces database schema and link information between application programs, and then automatically generates a stereo-type application system. In order for the automated application generator to build the application system in a systematic way, four basic program generation rules have been suggested. A set of computer programs have been developed in order to show the applicability of the automated software generation process suggested in this paper. By following each rule with the generator, the designer can build an application in an efficient manner compared with traditional (manual programming) approaches. It has been demonstrated from the case study that the idea of applying an automated generator in systems development based upon the E-R model is feasible.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.1014-1020
• /
• 2012

This paper focuses on the development of a supporting S/W tool that can minimize designer's manual operations and errors in metal mold design based on a 3D solid model. The scope in this work includes the offset surface modeling, the computation of the padding force, the generation of material table, the decision of hole position, the estimation of the size of raw material, which are the essential parts of press die and mold design in automotive industry. The proposed system has been developed as a plug-in type using Pro/E API and Visual C++ in order to put the system into the menu functions of Pro/E which is one major 3D CAD systems in the manufacturing industry.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
• /
• 2010.10a
• /
• pp.203-206
• /
• 2010

운전원 수동조치는 원자력발전소 화재시 발전소 안전정지를 달성하고 유지하기 위하여 절차에 따라 주제어실 이외의 장소에서 취하는 운전원의 행위를 말한다. 화재시 운전원 수동조치는 발전소 정상운전 동안의 조치에 비해 더 긴장된 상태에서 정해진 시간내에 임무를 완수하여야 한다는 점 때문에 조치성공 가능성을 확인하기 위하여는 행위의 타당성과 신뢰성이 입증되어야 한다. 운전원 수동조치의 타당성과 신뢰성은 조치의 가용시간, 환경조건 등 10가지의 인자를 고려한 시간분석, 절차 및 훈련, 이행, 입증의 과정을 거쳐서 검증될 수 있다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.44 no.6
• /
• pp.477-481
• /
• 2017

We report a case of a 51 years old female with a 25 pack year smoking history who underwent bilateral mastectomy and immediate tissue expander reconstruction for newly diagnosed right breast cancer. The patient reported herself as a non-smoker despite significant e-cigarette use, with resulting significant mastectomy skin flap necrosis and breast reconstruction failure. Little is known about the physiologic effect of e-cigarettes on wound healing and tissue perfusion. To this end, we provide an updated review of the impact of e-cigarettes on surgical outcomes. PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and PRS GO were searched for the terms "e-cigarette", "electronic cigarette", "e-cig", "electronic nicotine delivery system", "vaping", "surgery", "surgical", "peri-operative", "operate", "operative", and "wound healing". Abstract review of all articles was performed. 123 articles returned that contained both variants of e-cigarettes and surgery as keywords. Of those, manual assessment returned three articles which were found to be relevant to e-cigarette use in the surgical patient. No articles were found that compared perioperative complications in e-cigarette versus traditional cigarette users in humans. In conclusion, our case report depicts the potential dangers associated with e-cigarette use in the surgical patient. There is a public misconception that e-cigarettes are healthier than traditional cigarettes and as such their use may go unreported by patients. Early evidence suggests e-cigarettes may induce some of the same physiologic changes as traditional cigarettes, and may have a significant deleterious effect on wound healing.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.1129-1133
• /
• 2015

Background: The tissue microarray (TMA) is widely accepted as a fast and cost-effective research tool for in situ tissue analysis in modern pathology. However, the current automated and manual TMA techniques have some drawbacks restricting their productivity. Our study aimed to introduce an improved manual tissue miniarray (TmA) technique that is simple and readily applicable to a broad range of tissue samples. Materials and Methods: In this study, a conventional TV/radio telescopic antenna was used to punch tissue cores manually from donor paraffin embedded tissue blocks which were pre-incubated at $40^{\circ}C$. The cores were manually transferred, organized and attached to a standard block mould, and filled with liquid paraffin to construct TmA blocks without any use of recipient paraffin blocks. Results: By using a conventional TV/radio antenna, it was possible to construct TmA paraffin blocks with variable formats of array size and number ($2-mm{\times}42$, $2.5-mm{\times}30$, $3-mm{\times}24$, $4-mm{\times}20$ and $5-mm{\times}12$ cores). Up to $2-mm{\times}84$ cores could be mounted and stained on a standard microscopic slide by cutting two sections from two different blocks and mounting them beside each other. The technique was simple and caused minimal damage to the donor blocks. H&E and immunostained slides showed well-defined tissue morphology and array configuration. Conclusions: This technique is easy to reproduce, quick, inexpensive and creates uniform blocks with abundant tissues without specialized equipment. It was found to improve the stability of the cores within the paraffin block and facilitated no losses during cutting and immunostaining.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.67 no.8
• /
• pp.1080-1088
• /
• 2018

General methods of controlling a drone are divided into manual control and automatic control, which means a drone moves along the route. In case of manual control, a man should be able to figure out the location and status of a drone and have a controller to control it remotely. When people control a drone, they collect information about the location and position of a drone with the eyes and have its internal information such as the battery voltage and atmospheric pressure delivered through telemetry. They make a decision about the movement of a drone based on the gathered information and control it with a radio device. The automatic control method of a drone finding its route itself is not much different from manual control by man. The information about the position of a drone is collected with the gyro and accelerator sensor, and the internal information is delivered to the CPU digitally. The location information of a drone is collected with GPS, atmospheric pressure sensors, camera sensors, and ultrasound sensors. This paper presents an investigation into drone control by a remote computer. Instead of using the automatic control function of a drone, this approach involves a computer observing a drone, determining its movement based on the observation results, and controlling it with a radio device. The computer with a Depth camera collects information, makes a decision, and controls a drone in a similar way to human beings, which makes it applicable to various fields. Its usability is enhanced further since it can control common commercial drones instead of specially manufactured drones for swarm flight. It can also be used to prevent drones clashing each other, control access to a drone, and control drones with no permit.