• Wind and Structures
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.609-623
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• 2015

Seismic reliability analysis of a jacket-type support structure for an offshore wind turbine was performed. When defining the limit state function by using the dynamic response of the support structure, a number of dynamic calculations must be performed in a First-Order Reliability Method (FORM). That means analysis costs become too high. In this paper, a new reliability analysis approach using a static response is used. The dynamic effect of the response is considered by introducing a new parameter called the Peak Response Factor (PRF). The probability distribution of PRF can be estimated by using the peak value in the dynamic response. The probability distribution of the PRF was obtained by analyzing dynamic responses during a set of ground motions. A numerical example is presented to compare the proposed approach with the conventional static response-based approach.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.581-599
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• 2014

In this paper the overall dynamic response of simple railway bridges subjected to high-speed trains is investigated numerically based on the mechanical models of simply supported single-span and continuous two-span Bernoulli-Euler beams. Each axle of the train, which is composed of rail cars and passenger cars, is considered as moving concentrated load. Distance, magnitude, and maximum speed of the moving loads are adjusted to real high-speed trains and to load models according to Eurocode 1. Non-dimensional characteristic parameters of the train-bridge interaction system are identified. These parameters permit a spectral representation of the dynamic peak response. Response spectra assist the practicing engineers in evaluating the expected dynamic peak response in the design process of railway bridges without performing time-consuming time history analyses.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.7
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• pp.1195-1199
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• 2008

In this paper, peak detector of generator's output voltage and variable gain controller are introduced for a fast dynamic response. The conventional r,m.s, signal detected has inherent time delay, and the dynamic response of generator using conventional PID controller has some problem in sudden load change. In this paper, the peak detector and signal selector with variable gain controller is used to overcome this problem. The main controller can check the voltage state from the peak detector. When a sudden load change, the over-voltage and under-voltage signal from peak detector change the controller's gain and exciter's current reference. The proposed scheme can improve the dynamic response, which is verified from experimental test of 200kW diesel engine-generator.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.342-350
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• 2015

A seismic reliability analysis of the jacket-type support structure for an offshore wind turbine was performed. When defining the limit state function using the dynamic response of the support structure, numerous dynamic calculations should be performedin an approach like the FORM (first-order reliability method). This causes a substantial increase in the analysis cost. Therefore, in this paper, a new reliability analysis approach using the static response is used. The dynamic effect of the response is considered by introducing a new parameter called the peak response factor (PRF). The probability distribution of the PRF could be estimated using the peak value of the dynamic response. The probability distribution of the PRF was obtained for a set of ground motions. A numerical example is considered to compare the proposed approach with the conventional static-response-based approach.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.349-365
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• 2014

The dynamic response of structures under extremely short duration dynamic loads is of great concern nowadays. This paper investigates structures' response as well as the associated structural damage to explosive loads considering and ignoring the supporting soil flexibility effect. In the analysis, buildings are modeled by two alternate approaches namely, (1) building with fixed supports, (2) building with supports accounting for soil-flexibility. A lumped parameter model with spring-dashpot elements is incorporated at the base of the building model to simulate the horizontal and rotational movements of supporting soil. The soil flexibility for various shear wave velocities has been considered in the investigation. In addition, the influence of variation of lateral natural periods of building models on the obtained response and peak response time-histories besides damage indices has also been investigated under blast loads with different peak over static pressures. The Dynamic response is obtained by solving the governing equations of motion of the considered building model using a developed Matlab code based on the finite element toolbox CALFEM. The predicted results expressed in time-domain by the building model incorporating SSI effect are compared with the corresponding model results ignoring soil flexibility effect. The results show that the effect of surrounding soil medium leads to significant changes in the obtained dynamic response of the considered systems and hence cannot be simply ignored in damage assessment and response time-histories of structures where it increases response and amplifies damage of structures subjected to blast loads. Moreover, the numerical results provide an understanding of level of damage of structure through the computed damage indices.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.291-297
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• 2019

Polyurethane foam is the most efficient, high-performance insulation material, used for liquefied natural gas carrier (LNGC) insulation. Because LNGC is exposed to sloshing impact load due to ship motion of 6 degrees of freedom, polyurethane foam should be sufficient dynamic properties. The dynamic properties of these polyurethane foam depends on temperature and density. Therefore, this study investigates the dynamic response of polyurethane foam for various temperature($25^{\circ}C$, $-70^{\circ}C$, $-163^{\circ}C$) and density($90kg/m^3$, $113kg/m^3$, $134kg/m^3$, $150kg/m^3$) under drop impact test with impact energy of 20J, 50J, and 80J. For dynamic response was evaluated in terms of peak force, peak displacement, absorb energy, and the mechanical property with minimized density effects. The results show the effect of temperature and density on the polyurethane foam material for the dynamic response.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2022

The energy transferred on drill rods by dynamic impact mainly determines the penetration depth for in-situ tests. In this study, the dynamic response and transferred energy of drill rods are determined from the frequency of the stress waves. AW-type drill rods of lengths 1 to 3 m are prepared, and strain gauges and an accelerometer are installed at the head and tip of the connected rods. The drill rods are hung on strings, allowing free vibration, and then impacted by a pendulum hammer with fixed potential energy. Increasing the rod length L increases the wave roundtrip time (2L/c, where c is the wave velocity), and hence the transferred energy at the rod head. At the rod tip, the first velocity peak is higher than the first force peak because a large and tensile stress wave is reflected, and the transferred energy converges to zero. The resonant frequency increases with rod length in the waveforms measured by the strain gauges, and fluctuates in the waveforms measured by the accelerometer. In addition, the dynamic response and transferred energy are perturbed when the cutoff frequency is lower than 2 kHz. This study implies that the resonant frequency should be considered for the interpretation of transferred energy on drill rods.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.421-443
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• 2016

When conducting seismic assessment of an asymmetric building, it is essential to carry out three-dimensional analysis considering all the possible directions of seismic input. For this purpose, the author proposed a simplified procedure is to predict the largest peak seismic response of an asymmetric building subjected to horizontal bidirectional ground motion acting in an arbitrary angle of incidence in previous study. This simplified procedure has been applied to torsionally stiff (TS) asymmetric buildings with regular elevation. However, the suitability of this procedure to estimate the peak response of an asymmetric building with vertical irregularity, such as an asymmetric building with setback, has not been assessed. In this article, the pushover-based simplified procedure is applied to estimate the peak response of asymmetric buildings with bidirectional setback. Nonlinear dynamic (time-history) analysis of two six-storey asymmetric buildings with bidirectional setback and designed according to strong-column weak beam concept is carried out considering various directions of seismic input, and the results compared with those estimated by the proposed method. The largest peak displacement estimated by the simplified method agrees well with the envelope of the dynamic analysis response. The suitability assessment of the simplified procedure to analysed building models is made as well based on pushover analysis results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.620-625
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• 2009

The seismic slope stability is most often evaluated by the pseudo-static limit analysis, in which the earthquake loading is simplified as static inertial loads acting in horizontal and/or vertical directions. The transient loading is represented by constant acceleration via the pseudostatic coefficients. The result of a pseudostatic analysis is governed by the selection of the value of the pseudostatic coefficient. However, selection of the value is very difficult and often done in an ad hoc manner without a sound physical reasoning. In addition, the maximum acceleration is commonly estimated from the design guideline, which cannot accurately estimate the dynamic response of a slope. There is a need to perform a 2D dynamic analysis to properly define the dynamic response characteristics. This paper develops the modified one-dimensional seismic site response analysis. The modified site response analysis adjusts the density of the layers to simulate the change in mass and weight of the layers of the slope with depth. Multiple analyses are performed at various locations within the slope to estimate the change in seismic response of the slope. The calculated peak acceleration profiles with depth from the developed procedure are compared to those by the two-dimensional analyses. Comparisons show that the two methods result in remarkable match.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.327-334
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• 2010

Recently developed aircrafts use Fly-By-Wire(FBW) or Fly-By-Light(FBL) system. These systems have some merits; they can perform very complicated missions, they can expand the flight region and improve the reliability of the aircrafts. With the development of flight control systems that use FBW technique, flight envelope protection concept is introduced to guarantee reliability of the aircraft and improve the efficiency of mission achievement. In this study, flight envelope protection system is designed using a dynamic trim algorithm, a peak response estimation, and a gain scheduling technique. The performance of these methods are compared by performing numerical simulation.