• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.167-172
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• 2004

In this study, we carried out the research for the recycling potential of the dyeing wastewater treatment sludges as construction materials. The incineration ash of sludges were solidified as interlocking block in condition of sludge/cement ratio 2.5%, 5.0% and 10%, respectively. Those interlocking blocks were cured for 3days, 7days and 28days in ambient air condition, respectively. The results of this research were summarized as follows: The dyeing wastewater treatment sludges was below the Korea Leaching Limit. After incineration, the ash was manufactured as interlocking block. Bendable strength over 50kg$_{f}$/$\textrm{cm}^2$ suitable for interlocking block was obtained only when the sample was cured for 7days at sludge/cement ratio 2.5% and 5.0%. Hygroscopic ratio of interlocking block was above the Korea Industry Standard. We think that recycling of the incineration ash from dyeing wastewater treatment sludges to interlocking block will have high potential possibility.y.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.178-178
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• 2010

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.374-380
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• 2001

Cotton and ramie fabrics were dyed with artemesia and gardenia dyeing solutions. The chroma values of the fabrics dyed with gardenia were higher than that of artemesia. The ramie fabrics dyed with gardenia showed higher chroma values than the cotton fabrics. The colors of fabrics were deeper in shade but their chroma values were improved no more by repetition of dyeing process in artemesia dyebath. The two ways of dyeing processes were carried out. In the first wan, each fabric was dyed in 5 different concentration(1∼5%) of gardenia dyebath to get the fabrics dyed in different shades. After then the gardenia dyed fabrics were dyed again in the artemesia dyebaths. In the second way, the 5 fabrics were dyed in different shades by repetition of dyeing process in artemesia dyebath. After then the artemesia dyed fabrics were dyed again with the gardenia dyebaths. When the artemesia dyeing process was added on the fabrics dyed in five shades with gardenia, the color differences between five samples were slight. But when gardenia dyeing process was added on the fabrics dyed in five shades with artemesia, the samples showed different hue of colors between yellow and green of Munsell color circle. Like almost of fabrics dyed with Plants materials, the colorfastness to light and laundering of the dyed samples were poor But the colorfastness to drycleaning was good.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.16-16
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• 2001

Cotton and ramie fabrics were dyed with artemesia and gardenia dyeing solutions. The chroma values of the fabrics dyed with gardenia were higher than that of artemesia. The ramie fabrics dyed with gardenia showed higher chroma values than the cotton fabrics. The colors of fabrics were deeper in shade but their chroma values were improved no more by repetition of dyeing process in artemesia dyebath. The two ways of dyeing processes were carried out. In the first way, each fabric was dyed in 5 different concentration(1∼5%) of gardenia dyebath to get the fabrics dyed in different shades. After then the gardenia dyed fabrics were dyed again in the artemesia dyebaths. In the second way, the 5 fabrics were dyed in different shades by repetition of dyeing process in artemesia dyebath. After then the artemesia dyed fabrics were dyed again with the gardenia dyebaths. When the artemesia dyeing process was added on the fabrics dyed in five shades with gardenia, the color differences between five samples were slight. But when gardenia dyeing process was added on the fabrics dyed in five shades with artemesia, the samples showed different hue of colors between yellow and green of Munsell color circle. Like almost of fabrics dyed with Plants materials, the colorfastness to light and laundering of the dyed samples were poor. But the colorfastness to drycleaning was good.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to develop eco-friendly, functional towel material utilizing cotton-Modal-chitosan blended(C-M-CH) yarn and natural dyeing with mugwort colorants. Dyeing properties of towels with mugwort colorants were studied by investigating the effect of dyeing conditions including concentration of mugwort colorants, dyeing temperature, and dyeing time, and the effects of mordants on dye uptakes were investigated. The C-M-CH towel showed better dye uptake than 100% cotton towel with mugwort colorants. The shade of towels got darker and red-yellowish tint increased by mordanting. Comparing with 100% cotton towel, the colorfastness of dyed C-M-CH towel was satisfactory showing above 3 grade which is the lowest grade to washing fastness. The antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and deodorization performance of towels were excellent and improved by dyeing with mugwort colorants. From the results obtained, it is concluded that the cotton-Modal-chitosan blended towel dyed with mugwort colorants can be used practically for an eco-friendly and multi-functional towel materials with excellent absorbance and drying properties.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.19-28
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to apply the statistical technique known as design of experiments to optimize the % exhaustion variables for phthalocyanine dyeing of nylon fiber. In this study, a three-factor Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) was used to establish the optimum conditions for the phthalocyanine reactive dyeing of nylon fiber. Temperature, pH and liquor ratio were considered as the variable of interest. Acidic solution with higher temperature and lower liquor ratio were found to be suitable conditions for higher % exhaustion. These three variables were used as independent variables, whose effects on % exhaustion were evaluated. Significant polynomial regression models describing the changes on % exhaustion and % fixation with respect to independent variables were established with coefficient of determination, R2, greater than 0.90. Close agreement between experimental and predicted yields was obtained. Optimum conditions were obtained using surface plots and Monte Carlo simulation techniques where maximum dyeing efficiency is achieved. The significant level of both the main effects and interaction was observed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) approach. Based on the statistical analysis, the results have provided much valuable information on the relationship between response variables and independent variables. This study demonstrates that the CCRD could be efficiently applied for the empirical modeling of % exhaustion and % fixation in dyeing. It also shows that it is an economical way of obtaining the maximum amount of information in a short period of time with least number of experiments.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.648-655
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• 2017

This study measured dyeing properties under different dyeing conditions and levels of antimicrobial activity when man-made fibers are dyed with gallnut, including rayon, tencel, tencel blended fabric, soybean fiber, and nylon non-mordanted. The dye up-take (K/S), color ($L^*a^*b^*$), and color differences (${\Delta}E$) were measured with a colorimeter, and the number of bacteria present in the dyed fabrics were determined using Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia as strains. The results are as follows: First, the optimal dyeing conditions for man-made fibers dyed with gallnut are 60 minutes of dyeing time and a $80^{\circ}C$ dyeing temperature. Second, gallnut dye is most effective on soybean fiber and then, in descending order of effectiveness, on nylon, rayon, tencel, and tencel blended fabric. This means that dyeing properties of nitrogen containing fibers are excellent when using gallnut. Third, all man-made fibers are dyed brown with gallnut. This implies dyeing possibility of man-made fibers about gallnut dye, so development and supply of natural dyed goods of man-made fibers can be increased. Fourth, in all man-made fibers dyed with gallnut extract, both Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia show 99.9% reduction ratios of fungistasis, which indicate antimicrobial activity. Therefore, safe, functional, man-made materials can be developed to relieve symptoms from and treat patients with skin ailments.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.593-602
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the coloring properties of non-mordant dyes by examining local literature on silk fabric dyeing using red-colored natural dyes. Natural dyes can be prepared from the following 8 materials: purple-fleshed sweet potato, Impatiens balsamina, mulberry, fruits of Ligustrum japonicum Thunb, guava leaves, dansam, hibiscus flowers, and pruned branches of Prunus persica. To examine the surface color calculated $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, ${\Delta}E^*$, and K/S value and H V/C. The variables considered in the dyeing experiment were dye concentration, dyeing temperature, dyeing time, and number of dyeing iterations, which were varied to evaluate the dyeing properties and color characteristics. As a result, the abovementioned variables, dye affinity, and red color expression were directly proportional to one another. In this study, it was found that red coloring can be obtained with natural dyes; moreover, excellent dyeing was achieved without the need for repeated dyeing or mordanting processes, which cause environmental pollution.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.155-158
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• 2007

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.5 s.142
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• pp.662-670
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of color, tone, perceiver's gender on image perception of natural dyeing of cotton and mosi. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimuli and response scale(The 7-point semantic). The stimuli was 20 fabrics manipulated with two kinds of fabrics(cotton, mosi), five colors(red, yellow, blue, green, purple) and two tone variations. The subjects were 412 adults in Daejeon and Kongju. The results were as follows: The perceived image of the stimulus material consisted of 4 dimensions (attractive, conspicuous, hand, weight) colors, tons, materials as well as perceiver's gender affected on some selected image dimensions color affected on the four image dimensions, tone affected on the conspicuous, hand and weight images, materials affected on the attractive and hand image and perceiver's gender affected on the weight image. Interaction effects existed among colors, tons and materials on the conspicuous image. In conclusion the results support gestalt theory in which the sum of the parts is bigger than the whole and design strategies for the Mosi fabrics should be developed on the basis of persuited design image as well as target consumers.