• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.86-92
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• 2003

It is already known that the color of wool fabric dyed with disazo acid dyes could be changed in dyeing process and this is accelerated under alkaline condition. Focus was given to figuring out the mechanism of this color change, through the LC-MS analysis. In this study, no color change was seen in wool fabrics dyed with C. I. Acid Blue 113 under weak acidic, neutral and weak alkaline conditions for 1hour. However, the wool fabrics dyed under weak alkaline condition for a long time over 3 hours fumed reddish orange. When the wool fabrics dyed under weak acidic, neutral and weak alkaline conditions were treated with $0.5g/L\;Na_2C0_3$ solution, all of them turned reddish orange. On the other hand, the color of silk fabrics dyed with C. I. Acid Blue 113 were not changed after the same alkaline treatment. Wool contains cystine and cysteine, whereas silk does not. Due to the reversible reduction/oxidation process of cystine and cysteine in wool dyeing, the C. I. Acid Blue 113 of the dis-azo type is decomposed by reduction and consequently turned them into the reddish orange mono-azo types dye.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.35-35
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• 2011

Phase change material(PCM) has thermal energy storage and been attracted attention. Latent heat of the organic PCM can keep maintaining temperature when the change of outside energy conditions influence to PCM. Thus, many researchers have interested to thermal energy storage ability and investigated to applications such as thermal storage of solar energy, bioclimatic building, icebank, medical application, clothing industry and so on. Among the many applications, investigation of the PCM in clothing industry is also important because the people has interest functional factor called health-care in the clothing. In addition, PCM can give them mild environment condition such suitable temperature control or humidity. To fabrics, the PCM has various methods such as microcapsule, padding and modified cross-section formation(Sheath/core). Sheath core PCM fabric has a better benefit of durability than other method. However, PCM sheath/core spinning is difficult. In addition, dyeing property is important to use clothing industry due to visual images. In this study, we investigated dyeing properties of Nylon/PCM sheath/core fabrics. Especially, we observed the relation between dyeing property and PCM including ratio. Various temperature and pH conditions were also studied to optimize dyeing properties as acid dye.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.510-516
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• 1999

Dyeing properties of cotton fabrics with green tea colorants were studied by investigating the effects of dyeing conditions such as colorants concentration. pH dyeing temperature and time on dye uptakes effects of mordats on dye uptakes and color change and effects of cationizing agent on dye uptakes. And various colorfastnesses of dyed fabrics were evaluated for practical use. Green tea colorants showed low affinity to cotton and produced yellowish red color. Freundlich adsorption isotherm was obtained thus it is considered that hydrogen bondings are formed between colorants and cotton. Dye uptake was maximum at pH 5 and decreased as pH increased. Mordants especially Cu and Sn were effective for increasing dye uptake. Dye uptakes were improved remarkably by cationizing. Cationized cotton showed Langumuir adsorption isotherm indicating that ionic bondings were formed between colorants and cationized cotton. While mordanting did not affect lightfastness cationizing affected adversely. Colorfastness of cationized sample was generally inferior to that of mordanted samples.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.472-479
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• 2010

The dyeing properties of mulberry fiber/cotton blended fabric with Inonotus obliquus are studied through the investigation of the effects of dyeing conditions, such as the concentration of Inonotus obliquus extract colorants, dyeing temperature, time, and pH values on dye uptakes (K/S). In addition, the effects of mordant on the dye uptakes and antibacterial activities are investigated. The results are summarized as follows. The dye uptakes of dyed fabric increased gradually with an increase concentration of Inonotus obliquus extract colorants, the K/S value was the highest when the dyeing temperature was $60^{\circ}C$ for a duration of 60 minutes. As the pH value of the dyeing solution changed to more acidic, the dyeability of the, fabric was improved. The K/S value recorded the highest at pH 3. The antibacterial activities of dyed and unmordanted mulberry fiber/cotton blended fabric showed a high Staphylococcus aureus reduction rate.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

This study were carried out to investigate the effects of mordants and mordanting methods under the various dyeing conditions such as temperature, time, pH, repetition of dyeing in the silk fabrics with Petasites japonicus leaf. It was the most high K/S values of the silk fabrics dyed with Petasites japonicus leaf according to co mordanting and used cupric sulfate, ferric sulfate as mordanting agents. K/S values of the silk fabrics dyed with Petasites japonicus leaf were increased gradually with dyeing temperature, dyeing time, repetition of dyeing was higher and the optimum pH was pH 7. Silk fabrics were colored yellowish orange and surface color(munsell value) was changed from 8.3YR to 2.0Y by using mordanting agents and those of the silk showed high tone when mordanting with cupric sulfate but decolored and darked when mordanting with ferric sulfate. Washing fastness of silk fabrics were good in 4 ～ 5 grade, so washing fastness of the silk fabrics was significantly improved when washed with the neutral detergent.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.150-157
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the proper dyeing condition, color fastness and functionality of silk fabrics dyed with Zizania latifolia Turcz. FT-IR spectrum analysis suggests that colorants of Zizania latifolia Turcz. are tannins. The dyeing of the silk fabrics using Zizania latifolia Turcz. was very good even without pretreatment or mordanting treatment. Optimal dyeing conditions of silk fabrics were colorant concentration of 200%(o.w.f.), dyeing temperature of $100^{\circ}C$, dyeing time of 60 minutes and dyebath pH of 5.5. Color fastness of dyed silk fabrics to washing, rubbing, perspiration and light was 4~4-5, 5, 4~4-5(acidic), 4-5(alkaline) and 2 respectively. UV protection rate and deodorization rate of silk fabrics dyed with Zizania latifolia Turcz. were improved. Reduction rate(Staphyloccus aureus) of silk fabrics was excellent at 98.3%. As a result, it was confirmed that the Zizania latifolia Turcz. could be used as an eco-friendly functional natural dye.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

The dyeings of cotton and silk fabric with Laurus tree extracts were investigated. The colorant was extracted with distilled water at $100^{\circ}C$ for lh. Dyeability(K/S), color fastness and antibacterial property of cotton and silk fabric were tested under conditions of various time, temperature, concentration, repeat-number of dyeing and mordants. The characteristics of dyeings Laurus extracts were figured out by K/S and CIELab values and color-fastness test was estimated in terms of wash fastness and light fastness. The maximum wavelength of spectrum was 670nm. The K/S value of cotton and silk fabric increased with increasing dyeing time and the exhaustion was saturated in 90min. Optical dyeing temperatures of cotton and silk fabrics were $60^{\circ}C$ and $80^{\circ}C$, respectively. The mordant effect on cotton fabric was achieved using Fe mordant. On the other hand, the mordant effect on silk fabric was obtained using Fe and Cu mordants. The wash fastness of cotton fabric was higher than that of silk fabric. Antibacterial property of silk dyeing was greater than that of cotton dyeing. In addition, the excellent antibacterial effect was imparted by Fe-post mordant method.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.16-22
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate K/S values, surface color, the fastness to washing, bacteria reduction rate of the silk and cotton fabrics dyed with Rhus verniciflua extract under the various dyeing conditions. The optimum dyeing temperature, dyeing time, dyeing pH and repetition of the silk fabrics dyed with Rhus verniciflua extract were $l00^{\circ}C, 30min., pH 5, five times repetition respectively, but in the cotton fabrics, it were $60^{\circ}C . 30min., pH 7, one times repetition. It were colored orangish Yellow in the silk fabrics and colored bright yellow in the cotton fabrics dyed with Rhus verniciflua extract. Surface color(munsell value) was not changed by the mordanting agents but those of the silk showed high tone when mordanting with stannous chloride, and it was decolored and darked when mordanting with ferric sulfate. The fastness to washing in the silk fabrics dyed with mordanting agents improved in 4～5 grade, but the cotton fabrics were 3～4 grade, so washing fastness of the silk and cotton fabrics were significantly improved when washing with the neutral detergent. The bacteria reduction rate of the silk fabrics increased drastically by dyeing of Rhus verniciflua extract.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.106-112
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to define optimal conditions for wool blend fabric dyeing using Rhus verniciflua extract. K/S value, surface color change, the fastness to light, fastness to dry-cleaning, metal mordanting effects and antimicrobial activities were investigated. The results were summarized as follows; As the storage time of Rhus verniciflua stokes dyeing solution was longer, K/S was improved. K/S value showed the highest one when dyeing temperature and time were at 100oC and 60 minutes respectively. As for the changes of pH values of the dyeing solution, fabric was dyed well with the pH value of acid or neutral. K/S value recorded the highest at pH6 and the lowest at pH10. Fastness to light showed the unmordanted fabric is 2.84, and Fe is 1.69 on color difference. Antibacterial activities of Rhus verniciflua dyeing solution recorded high figures in both dyed fabric with unmordanted and dyed fabric with mordanting.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.49
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• pp.73-84
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate dyeing properties of silk and wool fabric by Cassia tora extracts according to the conditions such as extraction(temperature time) dyeing(temperature time) condition kinds of mordants temperature of mordanting. The color fastness of laundering irradiation were examined. The results were as follows: The wavelength of maximum absorpthion by extracts appeared at 201, 277, 382nm in UV-Vis spectrum. Absorbance of extracts were increased with temperature and time. The extraction efficiency of Cassia tora was determined as $95^\circ{C}$ of extraction temperature 120 minutes of extraction time. Silk fabric had highest K/S value when dyeing for 90min at $40^\circ{C}$. Wool fabric had highest K/S value when dyeing for 60min at $80^\circ{C}$. Surface color of silk and wool fabric dyed with Cassia tora extracts was 3,9Y and 0.4Y but it was changed from 9.3YR to 7,4Y and from 9.4YR to 5Y by mordants. The fabrics of mordanted by metal ion dyed the depth of color. Laundering and irradiation fastness of mordanted fabrics were improved as compared with nonmordanted fabrics.