• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.672-677
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• 2009

To reduce the dependence of wool dyeing on the temperature several solvents with different properties and structures were added to the dye bath of C. I. Acid Yellow 42. Nearly the same total solubility parameters(${\delta}_t$) of solvents as those of wool fiber and hydrophobic part of the dyestuff were needed to increase disaggregation of dye molecules, loosening the wool fiber and wickabilty of dyeing solution; besides, the large surface tension(${\gamma}$) value of the solvents and the well balanced values of the three-component Hansen solubility parameters such as dispersion(${\delta}_d$), polar(${\delta}_p$), and hydrogen(${\delta}_h$) bonding parameters were required. Among the added solvents dimethyl phthalate(DMP) and acetophenone(AP) were satisfied with these conditions and worked the most successfully in the low temperature wool dyeing. Their effectiveness proven by the dyeing rate and the activation energy ($E_a$) of the dyeing was in the order of DMP > AP > DBE > CH > M >NONE. In conclusion the total solubility parameters(${\delta}_t$), the three-component Hansen parameters and the surface tension(${\gamma}$) of DMP and AP could be the guidelines to select suitable solvents for low temperature wool dyeing.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to develop eco-friendly, functional towel material utilizing cotton-Modal-chitosan blended(C-M-CH) yarn and natural dyeing with mugwort colorants. Dyeing properties of towels with mugwort colorants were studied by investigating the effect of dyeing conditions including concentration of mugwort colorants, dyeing temperature, and dyeing time, and the effects of mordants on dye uptakes were investigated. The C-M-CH towel showed better dye uptake than 100% cotton towel with mugwort colorants. The shade of towels got darker and red-yellowish tint increased by mordanting. Comparing with 100% cotton towel, the colorfastness of dyed C-M-CH towel was satisfactory showing above 3 grade which is the lowest grade to washing fastness. The antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and deodorization performance of towels were excellent and improved by dyeing with mugwort colorants. From the results obtained, it is concluded that the cotton-Modal-chitosan blended towel dyed with mugwort colorants can be used practically for an eco-friendly and multi-functional towel materials with excellent absorbance and drying properties.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.166-176
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• 2017

This study is fundamental research on how to be able to scientifically quantify and reproduce a natural dyeing procedure. By dyeing silk fabrics, the establishment of a reproducible dyeing method was sought. Juglans mandshurica has been known as one of the most widely used black vegetable dyes. Repetition conditions and combination dyeing were performed with Juglans mandshurica cortex, gallnut, clove, and Eclipta prostrata L. extracts to express a deep black color. Juglans mandshurica cortex, gallnut, clove, and Eclipta prostrata L. extracts were suitable for black coloration and showed a darker black color when combined with iron mordant. Specifically, Juglans mandshurica cortex and clove can be used for deep black coloring. Color fastness when washed or dry cleaned was found to be strong with a grade of 4-5 and fastness to light was rated at a 3-4. The grade of color change when exposed to rubbing and perspiration was good at a 4-5. In regards to functional property aspects, it showed excellent results with a 99% deodorization rate at 120 minutes of dyeing time, 97.1% UV protection rate, and 85.9% and 62.3% bacterial reduction against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae, respectively. Therefore, it is considered that the extract from the Juglans mandshurica cortex is of great value as an eco-friendly, natural dyestuff.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.1301-1307
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• 2002

This paper surveys the mordanting and dyeing properties of Rubia akane Nakai appropriate extraction, dyeing and mordanting conditions of Rubia akane Nakai were determined, and the effect of mordanting method on dye uptake and color fastness of the dyed fabric was investigated. The optimum temperature to extract Rubia akane Nakai was during 1 hour in 8$0^{\circ}C$. The effective dyeing temperature and time of silk were 8$0^{\circ}C$, 1hour. The silk fabrics dyed with purpurin appeared red color, with alizarine appeared yellow-brown and with Rubia akane Nakai appeared yellow orange. K/S value of the dyeing fabrics was increased by pre-mordanting treatment. Mordant as Sn and Fe was better than anything else in K/S value. Mordanting treatment method affected color change of the dyed silk. In the case of Rubia akane Ntkai light fastness was increased by Fe and Al mordant treatment, Perspiration fastness of Rubia akane Nakai appeared more than 3 grades geneally. Fastness of abrasion and dry-cleaning appeared mon than 4～5 grades and these fastness improvement were generally effective for post-mordanting treatment.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.336-346
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• 2011

Dyeing properties of protein fiber with bamboo colorants were studied by investigating the effect of dyeing conditions such as dye concentration, dyeing temperatures, times on dye uptakes, effect of mordants, and color change. The various colorfastness of dyed fabrics were evaluated for practical use. In addition, the antimicrobial ability, ultraviolet-cut ability, and deodorant ability were estimated. The dye uptake increased as the dyeing concentration increased. Bamboo colorants showed relatively good affinity to protein fiber and produced a yellow color. Dye uptake increased as the dyeing time and temperature increased. Post-mordanting was more effective than pre-mordanting. Mordants, Fe and N.Fe, were effective for increasing dye uptake. The color of fabric mordanted with Cu and N.Cu changed to GY. Colorfastness of dyed fabrics showed a relatively good rating, and mordanting had no significant effect on colorfastness. Dyed silk fabric showed very good antimicrobial abilities of 99.9%. Also, ultraviolet-cut ability and deodorant ability were improved in silk fabric dyed with bamboo extracts.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.8-17
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• 2012

In order to dye nylon/cotton blended fabrics in solid colors with only acid dyes, a hetero-bifunctional bridge compound (DBDCBS) was examined. The bridge compound was designed to react only onto cotton fabrics first, on which amino-containing acid dyes react later by covalent bonding. By the effect of DBDCBS, amino-containing acid dyes exhibited high affinity toward the cotton fabrics. From the dyeing properties examined at various conditions, the optimum dyeing was decided at pH 4 and $100^{\circ}C$. Consequently, the solid color was obtained on nylon/cotton blended fabrics in one bath dyeing process using only acid dyes. The DBDCBS did not show any negative effect on nylon side in terms of dyeing and physical properties.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.48-51
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• 1993

견의 저온염색용 조제(K-1)를 사용하여 염색시간, 염색온도, 조제의 농도에 따른 염색속도를 구하여 이 조제가 산성 metal complex 염료의 저온염색 특성에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과를 용약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 조제 첨가구가 무첨가구보다 높은 흡진율을 보였으며, 조제의 농도가 증가할수록 흡진율도 증가하였다. 2. 조제의 농도가 3% o.w.f. 이상에서는 망초 50% o.w.f. 첨가보다 높은 흡진율을 보였다. 3. 염료농도가 증가할수록 흡진율을 감소하였으나 조제 첨가구에서의 감소율은 적게 나타났다. 4. 승온 염색한 결과 조제의 첨가구는 높은 흡진율을 보였으나 무첨가구는 낮은 흡진율을 나타내었다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2021

Safflower, a natural dye representing red, is the dye that materials and dyeing method are recorded in the literature, including materials and dyeing. Although the safflower is the same, the ash used as a mordant is recorded differently in each literature, which greatly affects the aesthetic perspective in realizing the traditional safflower red. Therefore, the optimal conditions for realizing the traditional safflower red were sought. The experiment was conducted by pH investigation, dyeing and color analysis by dyeing solution water, concentration, and temperature by ash, and the unique color of red was confirmed. As a result of the test, the pH point of time when the uniq ue color was expressed was 11.53 as goosefoot ash (natural bedrock water), which was 1:100 for concentration and 70℃ for temperature, which was easier to extract red pigment than other ash, indicating that it is suitable for safflower dyeing. The analysis of the ash showed that K and Si play an important role in dyeing, especially Si, which is an element that inhibits carthamon. The color of red was similar to that of KS Standard vivid purplish red in the ash of the goosefoot, and the other ash was deep purplish pink. In the light of findings, it was possible to quantify the dyeing method through traditional materials and find the standard color of red color, and it is judged to be a basic data for studying the unique color of natural materials.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to apply the statistical technique known as design of experiments to optimize the % exhaustion variables for phthalocyanine dyeing of nylon fiber. In this study, a three-factor Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) was used to establish the optimum conditions for the phthalocyanine reactive dyeing of nylon fiber. Temperature, pH and liquor ratio were considered as the variable of interest. Acidic solution with higher temperature and lower liquor ratio were found to be suitable conditions for higher % exhaustion. These three variables were used as independent variables, whose effects on % exhaustion were evaluated. Significant polynomial regression models describing the changes on % exhaustion and % fixation with respect to independent variables were established with coefficient of determination, R2, greater than 0.90. Close agreement between experimental and predicted yields was obtained. Optimum conditions were obtained using surface plots and Monte Carlo simulation techniques where maximum dyeing efficiency is achieved. The significant level of both the main effects and interaction was observed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) approach. Based on the statistical analysis, the results have provided much valuable information on the relationship between response variables and independent variables. This study demonstrates that the CCRD could be efficiently applied for the empirical modeling of % exhaustion and % fixation in dyeing. It also shows that it is an economical way of obtaining the maximum amount of information in a short period of time with least number of experiments.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.516-529
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• 2018

This study investigated the dyeing properties and bio-functions of cotton fabrics dyed with naturally fermented Ecklonia cava extract in order to compare it with a comparison of unfermented extract. Hot water-extracted Ecklonia cava was fermented naturally under the various conditions of a fermenting period (2-8 days) and amount of molasses (0.1-1.8% v/v); in addition, it was also tested for characterization by FT-IR, antioxidant activity, total polyphenol content, and anti-microbial activity. For dyed cotton fabrics, color strength (K/S), physical color properties, dyeing fastness, sun protective property, and anti-microbial activity were evaluated considering dyeing conditions. As a result, the fermented dye under fermentation condition of 0.1% v/v with molasses during 4 days was revealed as having a similar chemical structure to the unfermented one and showed a total polyphenol content with 32.88mg/g and better antioxidant activity than the unfermented one. As for dyed fabrics, the color strength value by K/S was the highest under the condition of 0.1% v/v of molasses during 4 days among all fermenting conditions. The dyed fabrics had a reasonably good fastness (except for light). Anti-microbial activity against K. pneumoniae was better for the fermented extract-dyed fabric especially with lower dye concentrations.