• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.2
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• pp.9-14
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• 1984

This study was performed to obtain the effective selection informations for improvement of quality and increase of yield in red pepper. The eight parents and twenty eight crosses from partial diallel were used as materials for estimation of correlations among the pericarp characters, viz, fruit length, fruit width, pericarp thickness (fresh and dry) and pericarp weight (fresh and dry), between pericarp weight and seed weight and between pericarp weight and the percent of seed weight/pericarp weight and path coefficients on fresh and dry pericarp weight. Results were as follows. In $F_1s$, fresh and dry pericarp weight had positive correlations with fruit length, fruit width, and pericarp thickness. Fresh pericarp weight was also positively correlated with dry pericarp weight. Dry pericarp thickness had a negative correlation with fruit length but had positive correlations with fruit width and fresh pericarp thickness. Fresh pericarp thickness had a positive correlation with fruit width. Significantly positive correlations between $F_1s$ and mid-parents were observed in pericarp characters. Pericarp weight had a positive correlation with seed weight but had a negative correlation with the percent of seed weight/pericarp weight. In path coefficient analysis, it was found that fruit length, fruit width and pericarp thickness had direct effects on fresh and dry pericarp weight and that fruit length had the largest direct effect in $F_1s$.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.146-152
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• 2016

Due to complicate canopy structures of Irwin mangoes grown in greenhouses, it is difficult to determine their growth parameters accurately. Leaf area, leaf fresh weight, and leaf dry weight are widely used as indicators to diagnose the tree growth. Therefore, it is necessary to establish models that can non-destructively estimate these growth indicators. The objective of this study was to establish regression models to estimate leaf area, leaf fresh weight, and leaf dry weight of Irwin mangoes (Mangifera indica L. cv. Irwin) by using leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, and SPAD value. The input values of leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, and SPAD value of 6-year old Irwin mangoes were measured, and the corresponding output values of leaf area, leaf fresh weight, and leaf dry weight were also measured. After 14 models were selected among the existing models, coefficients of the models were estimated by regression analysis. Three models with higher $R^2$ and lower RMSE values selected. In validation the $R^2$ values for the selected models were 0.967, 0.743, and 0.567 in the leaf area, leaf fresh weight, and leaf dry weight models, respectively. It is concluded that this models will be helpful to conveniently diagnose the growth of the Irwin mango.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.77 no.1
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• pp.100-108
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• 1988

This research was performed to estimate the influence of relative light intensity, planting density, growth period on the growth of fresh and dry weight of the stem and branches, and root in the pretreatment transplanting bed. 1. The growth of fresh and dry weight of the stem and branches per seedling varied in the order of 63%>100%>37%>19% in relative light intensity, and increased with decrease of planting density, and grew highly during the period from May to June. The contribution rates to the growth of fresh and dry weight of the stem and branches were 49.4% and 39.6% in shading treatment, and 4.3% and 6.4% in planting density, and 34.2% in growth period respectively. Of the three factors, that is, shading, density and period, all of the interactions between two factors, and among the three factors in the growth of fresh and dry weight of stem and branches were significant. The growth of fresh and dry weight of root per seedling increased with light intensity and decreased with increase of density. The best growth of root, showed during the period from May to June in fresh weight, but during the period from July and August in dry weight of root. For the three factors, that is, shading, density and growth period, all the interactions between any two factors, and among the three factors in the growth of fresh and dry weight of root were significant.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 2007

This experiments were conducted to evaluate suitable plant-type and cultivars for producing fresh pod peanut from late seeding as succeeding crop, compared with early seeding as proceeding crop or single cropping. 12 cultivars according to grain weight and plant types, 6 virginia typed cultivars(ssp. hypogaea) and 6 shinpung typed cultivars(ssp. fastigiata), were used for early and late seedings. The plant growth and yield potential in early seeding were better than those in late seeding. But the ratios of dry/fresh pod and of mature pod in late seeding were higher than those of early seeding. The yield of fresh pod by cultivars in two seeding times showed significant correlation with pod scale such as fresh pod weight, 100-grain weight, and dry seed yield positively, but pod number negatively in early seeding only. Yield of fresh peanut between Virginia and Shinpung types didn't show significant difference in early seeding, but showed in late seeding. Average yield of Virginia typed cultivars showed significantly higher than that of Shinpung typed ones. This yield gap between two plant types was the same tendency on extending seedings to July 20.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 2008

For autumn field cutting of Sedum sarmentosum, the effects of cutting site (distal, middle, and proximal) and planting method (space drill seeding, drill seeding, and broadcast seeding) on survival rate and growth characteristics were investigated at pre- and post-winter season. Plant height root length, stem number per plant, number of branch per plant, fresh weight of shoot, and dry weight of shoot were significantly superior in distal site at pre-wintering (40 days after cutting). At post-wintering (May 10th), stem number per plant, fresh weight and dry weight per $m^2$ in cutting of distal site showed a significant increasement compared to the cutting of proximal site. At pre-wintering (40 days after cutting), the growth in space drill seeding was well than that in drill seeding and broadcast seeding, and fresh weight and dry weight per $m^2$ in space drill seeding were high in order of space drill seeding, broadcast seeding, and drill seeding. At post-wintering (May 10th), stem number per plant, fresh weight and dry weight per $m^2$ in space drill seeding were significantly increased than those in drill seeding. Accordingly, the cutting using distal site of stem in autumn field cutting was desirable for the growth and shoot yield. The space drill seeding showed the highest yield potential among three seeding methods, but broadcast seeding was favorable in saving of labor, because the fresh weight of shoot in broadcast seeding was similar in the space drill seeding at post-wintering.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.85-93
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• 2001

The inter-relationship and combining abilities of characters for leaf length, leaf width, branch number, leaf number, leaf area, fresh weight and dry weight were studied in the F₁ combination of 15 crosses from the partial six-parent diallel cross in Petunia hybrida. The leaf area, fresh weight and dry weight showed high positive correlation together with the other growth characters such as leaf length, leaf width, branch number, leaf number. The mean squares of general combining ability(GCA) and specific combining ability(SCA) were highly significant for all the growth characters. The estimates of variance components of SCA were greater than those of GCA for all the characters, showing preponderance of non-additive gene actions for these characters. GCA effect was high in the lines of D and G for leaf length and fresh weight, and in the lines of C and D for branch number, leaf number, leaf area and fresh weight. The crosses of D×E, D×G, and E×G exhibited high SCA effect for all the growth characters such as leaf length, leaf width, branch number, leaf number, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight. The broad sense heritability was generally high compared to narrow sense one in the 7 characters. The highest heritability of the broad and narrow sense was shown in the leaf width and dry weight.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.515-523
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• 2012

Recent development and enlargement of reclaimed lands along the sea shores required to explore alternatives to existing crops, which are suitable to grow well and to declare higher profits. The objectives of this study were to investigate yield-related parameters for development of new leafy vegetables, and to screen some candidates among New Zealand spinach genotypes which were collected in Korea. Initially all the collected genotypes were grown for 7 weeks in a greenhouse of the experiment field in Chungnam National University, and then transplanted into the field to measure morphological or physiological parameters (plant height, branch number, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, and maximum canopy diameter), and yield-related parameters (leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, fresh weight and dry weight). Those parameters were quantitatively measured at 1, 5 or 9 weeks after transplanting (WAT). Parameters exhibiting statistically significant difference among the accessions were plant height, branch number, maximum canopy diameter, chlorophyll content, and leaf length. In contrast to highly correlated parameters with fresh and dry weight obtained in salt-affected soil in the earlier report, fresh weight was correlated significantly with leaf length (r=0.72), leaf width (r=0.64), and canopy diameter(r=0.66), while dry weight was correlated significantly with plant height (r=0.46), leaf length (r=0.72), leaf width (r=0.73), fresh weight (r=0.79), chlorophyll content (r=0.47), and canopy diameter (r=0.87). Based on the significantly correlated with yield parameters, the candidate accessions which were ranked in top statistical groups include CNU06A01, CNU06A13, CNU06A26, CNU06A35, CNU06A38, and CNU06A55. In order to be cultivated in reclaimed lands, it is necessary to screen out salt tolerant accessions among the above high-yielding genotypes.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 1993

The ecotypic variation of Phragmites communis Trin. was studied from Aug. 1989 to March 1992 in three populations of salt marsh, estuary and fresh water areas of the western coastal regions in Korea. The length growth and aboveground total dry weight of Phragmites communis Trin. From three habitates were measured monthly and the seeds from them collected. Chlorophyll contents, bud number and width of Phragmites communis Trin. populations after their seeds were sown in seedbeds, and the growth of seedlings according to salt contents were also determined. The results lare summarized as follows: The height and basal diameter of shoot, leaf length and width, and total dry weight of Phragmites communis Trin. were very different from each other according to their natural habitats. The bud number of seeds was increased as sample sites moved from estuary to fresh water areas and salt marsh. The but the bud diameter turned out to be in reverse proportion to the bud number. The chlorophyll content of the population from fresh water was $8.6901{\mu}g/ml$, whereas that from estuary and salt marsh was $9.61801{\mu}g/ml$ and $10.3160{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The average length growth and total dry weight of seedlings grown at different salt contents were compared. Those of fresh water area decreased at salt contents lower than 0.5% in culture solution and those of estuary at higher than 0.5%, but the population of salt marsh was shown to be capable of sustaining itself at 1.0%. All of these results suggested that the populations of Phragmites communis Trin. in the western coastal regions of Korea have undergone ecotypic variations: fresh water type, estuary type and salt marsh type.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.241-241
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• 2017

Sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas (L.) LAMK.,) have been cultivated in Central and South America for about 2000 years and are now grown mainly in Asia and South America. Sweet potatoes are annual in the temperate region, but are classified as perennial in the tropical region. In 2000, the cultivation area of sweet potatoes decreased to about 16,000 ha in 2000, but the cultivation area increased slightly in recent 20,000 ha in Korea. Sweet potatoes do not show higher maximum dry matter production of 120 ~ 150g per plant, and the leaf area index (LAI), which maximizes dry matter production, is known as 3.0 ~ 4.0. As the leaf area increase, the penetration of light into the canopy becomes poor, and sufficient photosynthesis cannot be achieved in the lower leaves, on the other hand the respiration increase, which results in poor dry matter production. This study was conducted to know the responses of sweet potatoes to intensive shading treatment of 80% shading. This experiment was conducted for about 42 days from September 6, 2016 to October 18, 2016 at Gyeongsang National University Experimental Farm, Jinju, Korea. The plant canopy was shaded with black nylon 80% shade cloth suspended 1.2 m above the ground. The photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence, SPAD and NDVI were measured in 3 replicates every 7 days after shading initiation. After the fresh weight was measured, the samples were dried at $80^{\circ}C$ in a dry oven and measured. By the 80% shading treatment, chlorophyll fluorescence of the treated plants was slightly higher than that of the control, the SPAD value was higher by 3.4 and NDVI value was higher by 0.01. However, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were lower than those of the control. The stomatal conductance of the control were two times higher than those of the control and the photosynthetic rate of the control was four times higher than that of the control. In control, plant showed a tendency to steadily increase in fresh weight and dry weight. However, in the case of shading treatment, the tendency to increase in the fresh and dry weight of tuberous roots was not clear. The fresh weight of shoot showed a tendency to increase steadily while the difference between treatment and control was not large, but tended to decrease after frost.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.158-164
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• 2018

Background: The study was carried out to assess the genetic variability present in ashwagandha and to examine the nature of associations of various traits to the root yield of the plant. Methods: Fifty-three diverse genetic stocks of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) were evaluated for 14 quantitative characteristics. Analysis of variance, correlation, and path coefficient analysis were performed using the mean data of 2 years. Results: Analysis of variance revealed that the genotypes differed significantly for all characteristics studied. High heritability in conjunction with high genetic advance was observed for fresh root weight, 12 deoxywithastramonolide in roots, and plant height, which indicated that selection could be effective for these traits. Dry root weight has a tight linkage with plant height and fresh root weight. Further, in path coefficient analysis, fresh root weight, total alkaloid (%) in leaves, and 12 deoxywithastramonolide (%) in roots had the highest positive direct effect on dry root weight. Conclusion: Therefore, these characteristics can be exploited to improve dry root weight in ashwagandha genotypes and there is also scope for the selection of promising and specific chemotypes (based on the alkaloid content) from the present germplasm.