• 공업화학
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.565-572
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• 2016

최근 국내 수질오염에 대한 높은 관심과 개선의 필요성이 요구되는 가운데 물 환경 속의 약물의 잔류는 인체를 포함한 생태계의 약물 내성을 일으킨다는 점에서 지속적인 모니터링의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 특히 약물 중 큰 비율을 차지하는 항생제의 잔류는 하천을 통해 빠르게 생태계의 내성균 확산을 일으킬 수 있다는 점에서 매우 큰 위험요소라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 총설에서는 물 환경 속의 항생제 분석이 실시간으로 가능한 신속한 센싱 플랫폼 기반 기술을 서술하고자 하며 이와 관련한 국내/외 연구현황과 발전가능성 및 그에 따른 산업/경제적 효과에 대해 논의하고자 한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.1604-1608
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• 2000

Penicillin antibiotics such as penicillin G, ampicillin and amoxicillin have been widely used in the pig industry to control salmonellosis, bacterial pneumonia, and urinary tract infections. Extensive use of antibiotics in veterinary clinics has resulted in tissue residues and bacterial resistance. To prevent unwanted drug residues entering the human food chain, extensive control measures have been established by both government authorities and industries. The demands for reliable, simple, sensitive, rapid and low-cost methods for residue analysis of foods are increasing. In this study, we established a rapid prediction test for the detection of pigs with unacceptable tissue residues of penicillins. The recommended therapeutic doses of three penicillins, penillin G (withdrawal time, 7 days), ampicillin (withdrawal time, 7 days) and amoxicillin (withdrawal time, 14 days), were administered to three groups of 20 pigs each. Blood was sampled before drug administration and during the withdrawal period. The concentration of penicillins in plasma, determined by a semi-quantitative ELISA, were compared to that of internal standard, 4 ppb, which corresponded to the Maximum Residue Limit in milk. The absorbance ratio of internal standard to sample (B/Bs) was employed as an index to determine whether drug residues in pig tissues were negative or positive. That is, a B/Bs ratio less than 1 was considered residue positive, and larger than 1 negative. All 60 plasma samples from pigs were negative to three penicillins at pretreatment. Penicillin G could be detected in the plasma of the treated pigs until day 4 post-treatment and ampicillin until day 2, whereas amoxicillin could be detected until day 10 of its withdrawal period. The present study showed that the semi-quantitative ELISA could be easily adapted to detect residues of penicillin antibiotics (penicillin G, ampicillin and amoxicillin) in live pigs.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제26권1호통권84호
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• pp.47-50
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• 1998

농산부산물첨가배지 개발로서 이화학적 특성은 콩비지첨가구에서 유기물, 질소, 탄소 함량이 높았으며 전처리구의 pH, 유기물, 질소, 탄소 함량은 버섯 생육시 적합한 것으로 판단되었다. 애느타리 관행재배시 병당(850cc)에서 갓의수 20개 72g에 비하여 콩비지 10% 첨가구는 갓의 수 12개 수량 77g으로 7% 증수, 귤껍질 10% 첨가구는 갓의 수 21개 수량 11% 증수되었다. 버들송이 관행재배시 병당 (850cc) 수량 98g 대비 한약박을 제외한 모든 농산부산물 첨가해서 증수되었으나 그중 콩비지 10% 첨가구가 수량 113g으로 15% 증수되었다. 저비용 고효율 농산부산물 버섯 배지개발로써 농가경영비 절감과 고품질 버섯 생산으로 농가소득에 기여할 것이다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.290-297
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• 2017

본 연구는 2017년 수입식품 중 신규 기준설정 예정 농약인 tridemorph의 안전성 관리를 위한 공정시험법을 확립하기 위하여 수행하였다. Tridemorph의 잔류물의 정의는 모화합물로 규정하며, 확립된 시험법은 실험실내 및 실험실간 검증을 통해 공정시험법으로의 유효성을 확인하였다. 대표 농산물 5종(감귤, 감자, 고추, 대두, 현미)에 대하여 잔류분석이 가능하도록 선택성과 감도가 우수한 LC-MS/MS를 사용하여 수용성 유기용매인 ACN로 추출 후 $NH_2$ 카트리지에 가장 회수율이 우수한 용매인 MeOH/DCM (1/99, v/v)를 정제조건으로 확립하여 시험법을 개발하였다. 개발된 tridemorph의 직선성은 결정계수($r^2$)가 0.99 이상으로 우수하였으며, 검출한계 및 정량한계는 각각 0.001 및 0.005 mg/kg으로 높은 감도를 나타내었다. 개발된 시험법의 평균 회수율은 75.9~103.7%였으며, 분석오차는 8.5%이하로 정확성 및 재현성이 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 외부기관 검증 결과 평균 회수율은 87.0~109.2%이었으며, 상대표준편차는 모두 7.8% 이하로 조사되어 국제적 잔류농약 분석 가이드라인 및 식품의약품안전평가원 가이드라인에 적합한 수준임을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 시험법은 농산물 중 tridemorph의 잔류검사를 위한 공정시험법으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.811-817
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• 2006

We were carried out to monitor pesticide residues in herbal medicine. In Korea Pharmacy, these are no critics for pesticides except 5 kinds of organic chlorines (BHC, DDT, Aldrin, Endrin, Dieldrin) and heavy metals. We analysed 53 kinds of pesticides consisted of 14 kinds of organochlorines, 20 kinds of organophosphoruses, and 19 kinds of pesticides estimated endocrine disruptor on 373 samples consisted with 30kinds of herbal medicine. In this study, Domestic, Chinese and Japanese herbal medicines were tested with GC/ECD, GC/NPD and then confirmed with GC/MSD. Recoveries were 75$\sim$l10% in ECD detector and 76$\sim$97% in NPD detector. Detection limits were 0.004$\sim$0.064ppm in ECD detector and 0.006$\sim$0.094ppm in NPD detector. Organochlorines and others were not detected in samples.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.643-647
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• 2010

기준 설정 전인 2006년 식품의약품안전청에서 실시한 연구과제의 결과보고서에 의하면 200건 벌꿀 중 네오마이신은 검출되지 않았고, 스트렙토마이신의 경우 23건이 검출되었으며, 아미트라즈(그 대사산물 포함), 코마포스의 경우 각각 10건, 9건의 검출되었다(8). 그러나 기준 설정 후인 본 연구의 모니터링 결과 해당 동물용의약품의 검출율이 현저하게 떨어진 것으로 미루어 볼때 07년 기준 설정 후 설정된 잔류허용기준에 맞춰 관리되고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.685-694
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• 2005

Korean practices in tolerance setting of pesticide residues on food crops were compiled with an effort to harmonize with international standards. Based on scientific data including historical background, limit setting protocols, adoption of ADI values, food factors, nation's body weights, and regulatory margins which are required for the setting of maximum residue limits, necessary measures to be taken by Korean regulatory authorities were proposed.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권3호통권150호
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• pp.205-216
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• 2007

South Korea is the representative consumption country of herbal medicines and most of herbal medicines circulating in Korea have been importing from the developing countries of Southeast Asia such as China, Vietnam, Indonesia and so forth. Domestic hygiene and safety are continuously proposed because herbal medicines which are circulating have the possibility could remain contaminants or residues. Physicochemical contaminants such as heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, radionucleosides, microbial toxins, biological contaminants such as microorganisms and animals, agrochemical residues such as pesticides, substances used for fumigation, antiviral agents, and solvent residues are classified as major contaminants and residues in herbal medicines from 2005 September WHO.$^{1)}$ Currently our administration have established a permission standard and the inspection criteria against the heavy metal, the residual pesticides and a residual sulfur dioxide. Furthermore our administration is continuously monitoring and conducting researches for the policies and their scientific ground against herbal medicines. But the appearances or discoveries of the harmful new species due to environmental and industrial developments are becoming social problems. Therefore it may be necessary to continuously consider and investigate regarding hereupon. Recently, the contamination of the mycotoxins against foods such as cereals, nuts and the powdered red pepper have developed and started became problematic issue, and possibility of contamination against the herbal medicine is proposed. And since populations who are using the herbal medicines very limited to several nations, recognition and researches about contamination of mycotoxins in herbal medicines are very insufficient. Therefore it will be need to more focus on the international regulation of quality control and safety for herbal medicines. Now on, we are going to introduce the importance, occurrence, characteristic properties, World-wide research trends and detoxification of aflatoxins, which is known as the most potent mutagen, carcinogen and teratogen mycotoxins.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.166-172
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• 2011

본 연구를 통해 신규농약인 isotianil의 쌀에 대한 잔류허용기준과, 기준이 확대되는 21종 농약에 대해 26개의 농약잔류허용기준을 제시하였다. Iisotianil의 쌀에 대한 MRL은 0.1 mg/kg으로 설정하였고, ADI대비 TMDI의 비율 1.54%로 안전한 수준으로 판단된다. 기준이 확대되는 21종의 농약의 경우 dinotefuran, idoxacarb, trifumizole을 제외한 나머지 농약은 ADI대비 TMDI의 비율이 50% 미만으로 안전성에 문제가 없는 수준으로 판단된다. Trifumizole은 재평가를 통해 미등록된 작물의 기준을 폐지하면, 현재의 ADI대비 TMDI 비율 절반 수준인 30% 미만으로 감소될 것으로 예측된다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.321-331
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: Pinoxaden is the phenylpyrazoline herbicide developed by Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. and marketed on 2006. The maximum residue levels for wheat and barley were set by import tolerance. Thus, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) official analytical method determining Pinoxaden residue was necessary in various food matrixes. Satisfaction of international guideline of CODEX (Codex Alimentarius Commission CAC/GL 40) and National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation-MFDS (2017) are additional pre-requirements for analytical method. In this study, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was investigated to analyze residue of Pinoxaden (M4), which is defined as pesticide residue in Korea, in foods. METHODS AND RESULTS: Pinoxaden (M4) was extracted followed by acid digestion (2hr reflux with 1N HCl) and pH adjusting (pH 4-5 with 3% ammonium solution). To remove oil, additional clean-up step with hexane saturated with acetonitrile was required to high oil contained sample before purification. HLB cartridge and nylon syringe filter were used for purification. Then, samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS using reserve phase column C₁₈. Five agricultural group representative commodities (mandarin, potato, soybean, hulled rice, and red pepper) were used to verify the method in this study. The liner matrix-matched calibration curves were confirmed with coefficient of determination (r²) > 0.99 at calibration range 0.002-0.2 mg/kg. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.004 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively, which were suitable to apply Positive List System (PLS). Mean average accuracies of pinoxaden (M4) were shown to be 74.0-105.7%. The precision of pinoxaden and its metabolites were also shown less than 14.5% for all five samples. CONCLUSION: The method investigated in this study was suitable to CODEX (CAC/GL 40) and National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation-MFDS (2017) guideline for residue analysis. Thus, this method can be useful for determining the residue in various food matrixes in routine analysis.