• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.53 no.1
• /
• pp.117-128
• /
• 2003

For the advance of Korea's ready-made clothes industry into China, we need some information about the body types of the Chinese and the sizes of ready-made clothes. The purpose of this study is to prepare basic data about the reality and process of the size establishment of clothing sizes in China. The conclusions are as follows. 1. Clothing size establishment was made three times in 1981, 1991, and 1997. At present, the version of 'GB/T 1335-1997 Size' is used. 2. 'GB/T 1335-1997 Size' is composed as follows. \circled1 Based on the drop values of chest girth and waist girth, 4 (Y. A, B, C) body types of adult men and women were chosen. \circled2 Sizes contains Ho and Hyoung, 'Ho' refer to height (cm) and serve as the standard of length, while 'Hyoung' indicate chest girth (cm) and act as the standard of girth. \circled3 The size divisions of the 3 basic items for adults are 5cm (height), 4cm (chest girth), and 2cm (waist girth). So they are named '5ㆍ4, 5ㆍ2 size series', \circled4 For grading in dress production, approximate values to the means of the 2 basic items are called 'center types'.\circled5 Other necessary items for clothing design besides 3 basic items are named 'control items'. \circled6 For babies, children, and adolescents, no body type classification is established. Instead, size series are established according to body height.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2002.11b
• /
• pp.12-12
• /
• 2002

The chlorophyll fluorescence combined with the O-J-I-P transients were examined in the leaves of the crinum plants (Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum BAK.), in order to satisfy the demand for rapid in vivo measurement of vitality, and to apply easily to approach questions of economical interest concerning the plant vitality. The photosynthetic efficiency, Fv/Fm, of crinum plants dramatically decreased depending on temperature drop in winter. In summer, the Fv/Fm values was lower in day time than at dawn and night, suggesting that photosynthetic efficiency is chronically photoinhibited in day time. In winter, there was no prominent diurnal fluctuations of Fv/Fm values. However, based on the O-J-I-P transient, PI$\_$NO/ and SFI$\_$NO/ dramatically increased at noon in summer, and $\psi$o/(1-$\psi$o) diurnally fluctuated in winter. These results indicated that vitality indexes such as PI$\_$NO/, SFI$\_$NO/ and $\psi$o/(1-$\psi$o) can be used as the indicators for in vivo measurement of environmental stresses.

• Solar Energy
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 1998

The heat conduction and the water vapour diffusion flow through heat insulators between hygroscopical moist building materials were measured by means of the plate method. It was found that the heat transport increases with a moisture motion occuring in the temperature drop. On his basis of simplified assumptions, the increase in the thermal conductivity was calculated from the rate of diffusion flow per unit area, which generally resulted in values inferior to the measured values. The Increase in the heat transport due to water vapour diffusion measured at a large-scale wall specimen was inferior to the one measured by means of the plate method by using a comparable arrangement of layers. The overall heat transfer caused by moisture motion is not a characteristic value of the material, but a property of the whole wall structure

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.88-95
• /
• 2002

The chlorophyll fluorescence combined with the O-J-I-P transients were examined in the leaves of the crinum plants (Crinum asiaticum var.japonicum BAK.), in order to satisfy the demand for rapid in vivo measurement of vitality, and to apply easily to approach questions of economical interest concerning the plant vitality. The photosynthetic efficiency, Fv/Fm, of crinum plants dramatically decreased depending on temperature drop in winter. In summer, the Fv/Fm values was lower in day time than at dawn and night, suggesting that photosynthetic efficiency is chronically photoinhibited in day time. In winter, there was no prominent diurnal fluctuations of Fv/Fm values. However, based on the O-J-I-P transient, PI$\_$NO/ and SFI$\_$NO/ dramatically increased at noon in summer, and $\psi$ο/(1-$\psi$ο) diurnally fluctuated in winter. These results indicated that vitality indexes such as PI$\_$NO/, SFI$\_$NO/ and $\psi$ο/(1-$\psi$ο) can be used as the indicators for in vivo measurement of environmental stresses.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.465-470
• /
• 2008

Sound transmission characteristics are investigated on the honeycomb panels used for railway vehicles. Equivalent orthotropic plate model and equivalent mass law are applied to predict the sound transmission loss (STL) of the honeycomb panels. The predicted values of the STL are compared with the measured values. The reliability and the limitation of the prediction models are investigated. Coincidence effect and local resonance effect on STL are considered. The result of the study shows that the equivalent orthotropic plate model can be used as a good prediction model, if the local resonance frequency is properly applied. finally, ways to improve the severe STL drop by local resonance are proposed and the effect on the sound insulation performance is analysed.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2003.07d
• /
• pp.1419-1422
• /
• 2003

Multimedia contents what we call Digital Items include various types of resources such as music, speech, text, video, graphics, and so on. The current Adaptation QoS described in the ISO/IEC 21000-7 CD-Part 7: Digital Item Adaptation, however, lacks adaptation methods for audio signals. The goal of this paper is to provide adaptation methods that are necessary to deal with audio signals. Two operations are introduced in order to adapt audio items. One method is to make use of the functionality of Fine Grain Scalability, and the other is intended to drop the channel of audio output channel. This paper provides a DIA description tool that associates the operators with the corresponding values of the constraint and the utility. Furthermore, the operations are evaluated and compared to alternative solutions.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.1037-1049
• /
• 2001

Considerable interest has evolved in the flow of non-Newtonian fluids in channels of noncircular cross section in compact heat exchanges. Analytical solution was developed for prediction of the flow rate and maximum velocity in steady laminar flow of any incompressible, time-independent non-Newtonian fluids in straight closed and open channels of arbitrary, but axially unchanging cross section. The geometric parameters and function of shear describing the behavior of the fluid model were evaluated for fluid flow among a bundle of rods arranged in triangular and square array. Numerical values of dimensionless maximum velocities, mean velocities, pressure-drop-flow parameters and friction factors were evaluated as a function of porosity and pitch-to-radius ratio.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
• /
• 2005.04a
• /
• pp.158-161
• /
• 2005

The fiber-reinforced composite materials have been advanced for various applications because of its excellent mechanical and electromagnetic properties. On their manufacturing processes, however, thermo-curing inherently produces the undesired thermal deformation mainly from temperature drop from the process temperature to the room temperature, so called spring-back. The spring-back must be removed to keep the precision of designed shape. In this research, the spring-back of {glass fiber / epoxy}+{carbon fiber / epoxy} unsymmetric hybrid composites were predicted using Classical Lamination Theory (CLT), and compared with the experimental data. Additionally, using finite element analysis (ANSYS), the predicted data and experimental data were compared. The predicted values by CLT and ANSYS were well matched with experimental data.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.572-575
• /
• 2008

Flow-field design has much influence over the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) because it affects the pressure magnitude and distribution of the reactant gases. To obtain the pressure magnitude and distribution of reactant gases in four kinds of flow-field designs without additional measurement equipment, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was performed. After the CFD analysis, the performance values of PEMFC according to the flow-field configurations were measured via a single cell test. As expected, the pressure differences due to different flow-field configurations were related to the PEMFC performance because the actual performance results showed the same tendency as the results of the CFD analysis. A large pressure drop resulted in high PEMFC performance. So, the single serpentine configuration gave the highest performance. On the other hand, the parallel flow-field configuration gave the lowest performance because the pressure difference between inlet and outlet was the lowest.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2005.09a
• /
• pp.590-591
• /
• 2005

Hydrodynamic pressure fluctuations and their roles on the design of hydraulic structures has been the subject of many investigations. The studies showed that turbulent pressure fluctuations may cause serious damages to hydraulic structures. In case of high velocity flows, separation of flow from the boundary also causes the local pressure to drop and as a result, the resultant pressure fluctuations may trigger cavitation. Sever hydrodynamic pressures are also associated with the vibration of structures. Therefore, in this work, experiments were performed to determine the intensity of pressure fluctuations and their distribution along the bed of a ski-jump flip bucket. Experiments were completed on a physical model at the Institution of Water Research of Iran. The results consist of the statistical characteristics of pressure fluctuations, its maximum, minimum, and r.m.s values along the bed of the bucket. The spectral analysis of pressure fluctuations which is useful for the instability analysis of such structures is also provided. It is hoped that the present results will help the designer of such structures.