• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.94-102
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• 2012

There is a limitation to estimate vitamin $B_{12}$ intake due to a lack of data on vitamin $B_{12}$ content in many Korean foods. In this study, vitamin $B_{12}$ content was determined in some seaweeds, fish, and shellfish and their product that are consumed in Korea using a modified microbioassay with Lactobacillus delbruecki ATCC 7830. Dried laver and dried seasoned and toasted laver contained very high levels of vitamin $B_{12}$ (66.8 and $55.2-71.3\;{\mu}g$/100 g, respectively. Sea lettuce and seaweed fulvescene also contained high vitamin $B_{12}$ content of 5.47-9.41 and $6.46-7.20\;{\mu}g$/100 g, respectively, whereas sea mustard and sea tangle contained low levels of vitamin $B_{12}$; vitamin $B_{12}$ was not detected in seaweed fusifome. Pacific saury, trout, sea-bass, or squid contained 12.01, 2.00, 0.49 and $2.33\;{\mu}g$ vitamin $B_{12}$/100 g, respectively. Ochellatus octopus, and naked sand lance contained 0.72-1.43 and $3.68\;{\mu}g$ vitamin $B_{12}$/100 g, respectively. Dried Alaska pollack con-tained $0.19-2.64\;{\mu}g$ vitamin $B_{12}$/100 g. Shellfish such as little neck clam and small ark shellfish contained high levels of vitamin $B_{12}$ of $30.5-40.5\;{\mu}g$/100 g, and mussel and abalone contained 17.71 and $7.82\;{\mu}g$/100 g, respectively. Of unique Korean traditional fermented seafood products, salt-fermented products of squid ($2.91\;{\mu}g$/100 g), clams ($34.31\;{\mu}g$/100 g), Ala-ska pollack roe ($9.98-12.02\;{\mu}g$/100 g), hairtail guts ($4.58\;{\mu}g$/100 g) or small shrimp ($0.58-1.55\;{\mu}g$/100 g), and fish sauce from anchovies ($1.52-1.78\;{\mu}g$/100 mL), sand eel ($0.22-0.24\;{\mu}g$/100 mL) or small shrimp ($0.19-0.78\;{\mu}g$/100 mL) were analyzed. A few commercial brands of flying fish roe ($0.73-1.73\;{\mu}g$/100 g), canned tuna ($0.40\;{\mu}g$/100 g), and fried fish paste ($0.25-0.69\;{\mu}g$/100 g) were also analyzed. In conclusion, vitamin $B_{12}$ content in these foods, chosen considering the Korean food culture, should contribute to improve the present vitamin $B_{12}$ food database. It may be helpful to estimate vitamin $B_{12}$ intake more correctly than before, and provide additional information for dietary education related to vitamin $B_{12}$ and meal management.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.411-431
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to assess the frequently consumed dish consumption frequencies of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) patients with osteopenia and develop recipes to improve bone mineral density of CAPD. The subjects were 96 CAPD patients with osteopenia(male 39, female 57) (osteopenia group) and 45 CAPD patients with normal BMD(male 24, female 21), matched with key variables(normal group). Fifty dishes(foods) that most frequently consumed were determined and food consumption frequency for each dish(food) for two groups were compared. Osteopenia group showed lower consumption frequency for ice-cream but higher frequency in apple. Of the 50 most frequently consumed dishes(foods), 20 dishes assessed as safe and recommendable for CAPD patients with osteopenia based on the contents of protein and mineral were selected : white boiled rice, white gruel, beef soup, steamed cabbage, roasted dried laver, fried egg, roasted bean-curd, cooked and seasoned bean sprouts, corn-starch jelly, cheese, ice-cream, orange juice, apple, grape, peach, peanut, raw lettuce, raw cucumber, and injulmi rice cake. wenty eight new dishes with modified recipes were developed for CAPD patients. Protein and mineral contents were analyzed for frequently consumed 17 dishes, assessed as modification of recipes are needed. The recipes were modified to decrease P, Na and K contents and to increase protein and Ca contents. Twenty dishes(foods) selected as having reasonable protein and mineral contents ratio or 28 newly developed dishes modified with protein and mineral contents or ratio would be helpful for nutrition education or counseling for CAPD patients with osteopenia. Dishes(foods) suggested in this study would also be useful for all CAPD patients for preventing osteoporosis.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.261-269
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• 2003

This was preliminary study that was to find out the developing point in military meal service to focus on seafood dishes that recently increased plate waste. This study was conducted to analyze menu patterns in military meal service. The result of this study was using to develop new seafood dishes in military meal service. On the basis of some findings, several developing points how to plan meals include many kinds of seafood dishes and to modify taste and cooking method that was more highly prefered by young military persons were suggested. This preliminary study findings were as follows: 1. Each meal was served cooked rice and 4 kinds of dishes(soup or stew, main dish, side dish and kimchi) 2. The seafood dishes was served as 28.6% in soup or stew, 35.0% in main dish and 36.4% in side dish of total serving of seafood dishes. 3. All of raw materials of seafood were supplied by frozen, several items were supplied dried material. Supplying seafood items were limited. Numbers of using seafood items were using 2.7 times per day. Laver and squid was most frequently used. 4. Seafood dishes were frequently serving in breakfast, especially seasoned & toasted laver was served 28.8% of seafood menu in breakfast because of convenience. 5. The nutrients contents of each dishes were as follows, the soup was $86.5{\pm}3.2kcal$ and $10.9{\pm}8.9g$ of animal protein, stew was $165.3{\pm}70.2kcal$ and $13.3{\pm}7.9g$ of animal protein. Nutrients content of other main dish and side dishes was different from 108.1kcal (in steaming dish) to 412.4kcal (in deep-fat frying dish) according to different cooking method. The highest animal protein dish that contented $18.9{\pm}5.1g$ of protein was pan-frying dish or grilling dish. Lowest one was $8.4{\pm}4.9g$ in braising dish. 6. Major cooking method of seafood was stew and the next was deep fat frying, stirfrying and braising. Pan-frying or grilling was seldomly used in military menu because of limitation of kitchen facilities and cooking utensils. On the basis of these findings, newely developing military seafood menus were focused on combination dish(such as seafood cooked rice or seafood fried rice) and many kinds of sauce that was applied to deep-fat frying dishes.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2005

즉석식품의 하나인 김밥의 미생물학적 안전성, 보존성 및 위생성 향상을 위한 연구의 일환으로 수산식품(맛살, 어묵 및 김), 축산식품(볶은 쇠고기, 달걀지단 및 햄) 및 농산식품(무친우엉, 무친시금치 및 오이)군에 따른 김밥재료 및 김밥의 미생물 변화를 통하여 김밥의 미생물 오염원을 예측하였으며, 감마선 조사를 통해 김밥재료 및 김밥의 미생물 안전성을 조사하였다. 총 9종류의 김밥재료 중 햄, 볶은 쇠고기 및 무친 우엉에서 세균은 검출되지 않았다. 맛살 및 계란지단에서 미생물은 검출되지 않았으나 20 및 $30^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 저장할 경우 4-5 log CFU/g의 세균이 증식하였으며 1-2kGy 선량으로 조사했을 경우 세균은 검출되지 알았다. 어묵, 무친 시금치 및 오이에서 각각 3.50 5.41 및 5.07 log CFU/g의 세균이 검출되었다. 그러나 김에서는 8.83 log OCFU/g의 세균이 검출되어 9 종의 김밥재료 중 미생물 오염도가 가장 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 김밥재료 중 곰팡이는 무친 시금치, 오이 및 김에서만 검출되었다. 김밥의 총균수 및 곰팡이수는 각각 8.73 및 5.08 log CFU/g이 검출되었으며, $30^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 저장했을 경우 총균수 및 곰팡이수가 급격히 증가하였으나 $10^{\circ}C$로 저장했을 경우 미생물수는 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 또한, 9종의 김밥재료에 대한 비조사구와 조사구(10kGy)로 나누어 유전독성학적 안전성을 평가한 결과 추출물의 농도에 따른 복귀돌연변이 집락수의 증가는 확인되지 않았다. 이와 같이 김밥재료 및 김밥의 미생물 변화를 관찰한 결과 김밥의 미생물 오염은 대부분이 오염된 주요 김밥재료에서 기인된 것으로 사료되어 김밥재료에 대한 위생관리가 철저히 요구되며, 10kGy로 감마선 조사된 김밥재료는 유전독성학적으로 안전한 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 감마선 조사 및 저온저장($10^{\circ}C$)은 김밥재료 뿐만 아니라 김밥의 미생물 제어에 효과적인 것으로 확인되었다.