• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.55 no.3
• /
• pp.46-58
• /
• 2022

This study analyzed the documentation trend of garden components such as plants, infrastructure, unit facilities, and structures, based on 188 measurement drawings of 94 old houses in a report on the documentation of the national folklore cultural heritage. The findings are as follows. First, it was found that plants and structures continuously appeared as the subject of measurement drawings, while infrastructure was often omitted. It was confirmed that unit facilities, which are smaller than other components, were frequently excluded from the documentation subject as well due to frequent changes such as movement, loss, and expansion. Second, the level of expression in measurement drawings showed different aspects for each component. The unit facilities showed a large change over time with respect to the level of documentation, and the level of documentation was somewhat polarized, particularly toward the latter stage. This suggests that the level of documenting the drawings limited to specific facilities improved, but the overall level of drawings did not improve, such as a lack of diversification of expression techniques suitable for various unit facilities. On the other hand, it was confirmed that the level of documenting the drawings for plants, infrastructure and structures did not change to a significant degree, implying that no improvements were made to the expression of components. Third, as for the technique of detailed expression, in the case of plants, vegetation status was prepared without distinction of old or protected trees that have historical value. Above all, there was no record of the vegetation structure that could help grasp the vegetation landscape of the outer area. As for the infrastructure, there was no consistent expression technique to systematically convey topographic changes such as the height and slope of the land. In addition, since there was no subtype classification defined for unit facilities and structures, there was no subject or method of documentation. This study is meaningful in that it expanded the category of documentation, which has been concentrated on buildings in old houses, to gardens, and called attention to the need for documenting the gardens for the preservation and management of old houses as an integration of the building and outer area.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.10 no.9
• /
• pp.22-27
• /
• 2020

In the fifth generation (5G) networks, the mobile services require much faster connections than in the fourth generation (4G) mobile networks. Recently, as one of the promising 5G technologies, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been drawing attention. In NOMA, the users share the frequency and time, so that the more users can be served simultaneously. NOMA has several superiorites over orthogonal multiple access (OMA) of long term evolution (LTE), such as higher system capacity and low transmission latency. In this paper, we investigate impact of channel estimation errors on successive interference cancellation (SIC) performance of NOMA. First, the closed-form expression of the bit-error rate (BER) with channel estimation errors is derived, And then the BER with channel estimation errors is compared to that with the perfect channel estimation. In addition, the signal-to-noise (SNR) loss due to channel estimation errors is analyzed.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
• /
• v.22 no.10
• /
• pp.537-545
• /
• 2016

Demand for text arranged in a circular shape is increasing as devices with round display such as smart watches are now being actively released. Data visualization field is receiving a lot of attention as the era of big data evolves. However, current web standard does not support the drawing of circular text. Therefore, the objective of this study was to extend CSS3 specifications to have circular text layout in web documents. In addition, we implemented a preprocessor so that contents made with CSS3 extensions could be shown in existing browsers. To confirm the wide expression range of CSS3 extension, we prepared some sample contents and analyzed them.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.759-764
• /
• 2009

With its rapid growth, the digital contents-related industry is drawing attention as an industry generating a high value added. Specifically, the 3D morphing technology often used in the appearance or movement of each object comprising contents makes it possible to compose various contents by inferring the appearance and movement of the object. For a realistic swimming appearance of fish by using fish that swim in the water, this paper proposes a technique that applies the same speed concept as a physical pendulum to a swimming cycle and applies a frame morphing technique that is able to express the growth process from fry to adult fish. This article is capable of realistically reviving the fish growth process, and can through magnified applying can be applied to in 3D fishes encyclopedias or virtual underwater expressions etc. in the viewpoint which is oceanography.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.42 no.spc
• /
• pp.51-56
• /
• 2009

Numerous methods can be employed to teach students and farmers on soil science and fertilizer. The cartoon is one of the most effective teaching aids both for instructors and students. Instructor becomes a director of the cartoon to organize the framework of story based on the chapter of lecture. Director should adapt the regular sentence on soil science into the short and concise scenario suitable for the visual expression of the cartoon, followed by the selection of the scene for drawing. Next is to cast the instructor for the role of actor or sometimes supporter. After casting, the director starts to draw each cut of the cartoon in sequence. I published the cartoons in weekly serials in the farmer's newspaper for three years. Each cartoon was composed of eighteen cuts and formatted with the introductory, main and conclusive issues. Cartoon started with dialogues between the cast on subject to stimulate the interest by farmers, inserted the tables and graphs for the scientific knowledge and summarized the chapter. Major contents covered in the cartoons were glossary, nutrient uptake, pH, salt accumulation, moisture, pollution, chemical fertilizer, compost and other general aspects of soils. Cartoons had been very popular serial of the newspaper and are archived in the web for reviewing.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.25-44
• /
• 2008

Geisha's gorgeous kimonos and grotesque make-up was the object of envy to Japanese women. There is a line in the movie like "Kimonos to the Geisha is the same as colors to the painter." Likewise, splendid patterns and colorful kimonos were an indispensible method or symbol for showing their artistic accomplishments. The purpose of this study is to investigate concept and origin of Geisha and their dress and decoration, analyze the dress of the people which appear in the movie, , arrange the expression of Geisha's dress as a movie costume, compare the difference of the dress by the career of Geisha and look back the disappearing aesthetic sense of Geisha. First, since Geisha appeared for the first time in Kyoto in 1751, it has become the world-wide representative of Japanese woman's images so that its existence oneself has become the tradition. Second, Geisha created fashion of various clothes, adornments, and hair styles as a creator of the popularity. Third, the strict regulation without exception is applied in Geisha's clothing, make-up, and motion tuned Samisen, Japanese traditional strings, and there is some difference in their hair style and dress by age of Maiko. Fourth, it is famous for unique make-up that Geisha makes up their faces, necks, and shoulders white, newly paints eyes, nose, lip line like drawing a picture in a pure white paper. Geishas put a little make-up as they have a higher position. Fifth, a heroin, Chiyo, shows clothing as a maid, an apprentice Geisha-Maiko- and a formal Geisha according to time flow. The length of kimono, textures, and hair decorations are longer, more splendid, and are more various as time goes. On the other hand, her make-up is lighter.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.197-206
• /
• 2015

Ghetto was originated from the concept of "Jewish Camp", the segregated Jewish residential area, and recently it refers to the black neighborhoods of the poor living conditions or slum. A region to form a unique culture distinguished from the adjacent area is also called as ghetto. The culture born in that region is called "ghetto culture", and from the cultural aspect it can mean a type of haven that allows the freedom and deviation of their own. In this study, the generating background and the characteristics of ghetto style especially to adolescents were examined, and celebrities' unique fashion styles that lead the public in the fashion diffusion process were analyzed. Through this, Ghetto culture was understood and the effects of the mass culture phenomena on fashion, symbolization, and an aesthetic value were examined. With this, it aims to help understand the effect of special local culture like "ghetto" on modern fashion and expand the design area. As a result of this study, the characteristics of ghetto style were as followings; 1. It is based on hiphop style; 2. The name brands are exposed conspicuously; 3. Caught eyes by unusually excessive decorations; 4. It expresses confidence and toughness through fashion beyond the resistance to the target who suppresses and humiliates themselves; 5. Ghetto culture is rapidly spread through media. To conclude, ghetto style is an expression of hope of the poor that they can gain wealth through impressing the public and drawing empathy just by their talent. Furthermore, ghetto style is an important cultural trend that has appeared as their wannabe and a powerful display method to express success.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.426-432
• /
• 2012

For students majoring in Architecture or Architectural Engineering, describing a building with pictures and signs is equal to expressing his/her opinion with sentences and presentations. CAD (computer aided design) is a method of describing buildings, and is used practically in architecture-related companies. Many universities prescribe CAD instruction as a compulsory subject, and ABEEK (Accreditation Board for Engineering Education of Korea) requires an introduction to CAD as a basic subject for visual expression. The Architectural Drawing and CAD class in the department of Architectural Engineering of J University is a 2-credit course, with 4 hours of lectures per week. Relative to other subjects, this is insufficient for practical study. Thus, to make up for this insufficient time, the class has adopted a Blended learning system that mixes off-line and on-line classes. The objective of this research is to introduce Blended learning, and to give a case study of the CAD class using Blended learning.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.14 no.10
• /
• pp.361-373
• /
• 2014

Oriental painting lesson is considered neglectedly, because of pressure on teachers and troublesomeness of preparing and using for art supplies. However, change of medium can solve pressure on teachers and students for Oriental painting lesson enough. Therefore this study will present composition of Oriental painting lesson planning using photoshop program as a way of overcoming weak points, increasing students' interests and giving effective composition lesson. We developed composition of Oriental painting lesson planning using layer of photoshop program. Then We surveyed 60 students who are two classes of the first grade in G high school to know the effect and possibility of the lesson planning and analyzed the results. The most(75%) of the respondents answered that composition of Oriental painting lesson planning using photoshop program was appropriate. The more than half (58.3%) respondents wanted to participated in lesson regardless of any subjects. That shows highly interest for photoshop program. The respondents answered that the merits of this lesson using photoshop program are less pressure for drawing(33.3%), possibility of variety expression(30%), not requiring art supplies(26.6%). So this study shows using photoshop program for art class can solve weak points of Oriental painting lesson.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.54-62
• /
• 2011

Fast industrialization caused from Descartes' dichotomy has enormously developed our world, but endangered the ecosystem. In this study, the ecosystem aesthetics is not only a critique against existing growth-ideology and technical civilization, but also the art pursuing the life as an artistic state and achieving the dream for qualitatively different new future. Lao-tzu's Natural Beauty assumes that the adaptation to natural laws can lead every purpose's achievement. Based on such theoretical alternative, the earth construction as a medium for coexisting mankind, nature and construction interacts with the other objects through the natural affinity, the energy efficiency, the material generation. The earth construction provides the images of naivety, naturalness, folk as well as emotional stability in cultural terms. This study's direction and method are as follows. First, it researches the ecosystem aesthetics from the Taoism viewpoint, the alternative for environmental healing based on theoretical reviews about the ecosystem aesthetics. Second, it researches the earth construction's ecosystem aesthetic features and construction features from the low-tech aspect in continual construction genealogy. Third, it analyzes some cases targeting domestic buildings by drawing out expression methods and features through the connectivity of earth construction and ecosystem aesthetics. The earth construction lies between the heaven and the earth, but coexists in natural cycle. The earth construction caused from ecosystem aesthetics will be a future alterative, and various studies about its features and methods should be continued.