• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.72-83
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• 2023

Purpose: North Korean refugee women struggle with the double burden of adaptation and parenting as mothers in a new environment. This study aimed to identify the knowledge, confidence, and educational needs regarding newborn care among North Korean refugees, and to determine differences between these variables according to participants' characteristics. Methods: Data were collected from September to October 2022, and 150 North Korean refugee women recruited using convenience sampling participated in the study. Descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis. Results: The mean scores were as follows: parenting knowledge, 14.97 out of 25; infection prevention knowledge and confidence, 20.09 out of 33 and 51.37 out of 80, respectively; and educational needs, 245.86 out of 310. Significant differences were observed in newborn care, knowledge, and confidence according to maternal age, educational level, family structure, and pregnancy history. Significant positive correlations were observed between the participants' newborn care knowledge, confidence, and educational needs. Conclusion: Personalized educational programs should be implemented to enhance North Korean refugee women's confidence in newborn care, focusing on areas with low knowledge levels and high educational needs and enabling women to achieve healthy pregnancy and childbirth, and to parent well.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.93-103
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• 1980

A small domestic solar water heating system in thermosyphonic flow was tested in Seoul. The system consisted of four flat plate aluminium roll bond type collectors of total effective area $3.28m^2$ and a $280{\iota}$ storage tank. It was tilted $52^{\circ}$ relative to the horizon. And the collector plate, collector tube and storage tank were equiped with 14 thermocouples. As the results, the following facts were found; 1) To provide water at $55^{\circ}C$ for a family of four in Seoul, a collector area of $3-4m^2$ and a storage capacity of $180{\iota}- 200{\iota}$ are suggested. And this system can supply hot water at above $45^{\circ}C$ day about. 2) In the late afternoon hours, it might be advantageous to stop the flow in the system as heat losses to the environment increase unduly. 3) Without any hot water consumption throughout the day, water temperature distributions inside the storage tank was found almost linear. This indicates essentially no mixing inside the storage tank. 4) In case of a small domestic solar water heating system, it is better to employ a single transparent cover rather than double one.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1050-1056
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• 2023

Weizmannia coagulans (formerly Bacillus coagulans) is Gram-positive, and spore-forming bacteria causing food spoilage, especially in acidic canned food products. To control W. coagulans, we isolated a bacteriophage Youna2 from a sewage sludge sample. Morphological analysis revealed that phage Youna2 belongs to the Siphoviridae family with a non-contractile and flexible tail. Youna2 has 52,903 bp double-stranded DNA containing 61 open reading frames. There are no lysogeny-related genes, suggesting that Youna2 is a virulent phage. plyYouna2, a putative endolysin gene was identified in the genome of Youna2 and predicted to be composed of a N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase domain (PF01520) at the N-terminus and unknown function DUF5776 domain (PF19087) at the C-terminus. While phage Youna2 has a narrow host range, infecting only certain strains of W. coagulans, PlyYouna2 exhibited a broad antimicrobial spectrum beyond the Bacillus genus. Interestingly, PlyYouna2 can lyse Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, Pseudomonas putida and Cronobacter sakazakii without other additives to destabilize bacterial outer membrane. To the best of our knowledge, Youna2 is the first W. coagulans-infecting phage and we speculate its endolysin PlyYouna2 can provide the basis for the development of a novel biocontrol agent against various foodborne pathogens.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2003

Background: There is abundance of studies on the decrease in body fat through limited calorie intake or exercise; however, studies focusing simultaneously on functional foods and exercise are rare. This study was aimed to identify the effects of combination of a functional beverage and exercise on body composition and biochemical metabolic profiles. Method: Eighty-one healthy volunteers (69 females aged 19 to 50 years and 12 males aged 19 to 55 years), who maintained their body weight stable with 23 or higher in BMI (kg/$m^2$) and 25% or higher body fat for the last three months, were recruited in the study through written advertisement. All the subjects gave their informed consent, and the study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study design was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled parallel group design. All participants were given 12-week programed-exercise, which was performed 3 times a week. One bottle (100 ml) of test (Garcinia cambogia 300 mg, L-carnitine 20 mg, Soy peptide 1,000 mg) or placebo solution was given daily 30 min before each session of programed-exercise. BMI (body mass index), %fat, local fat amount (visceral and mid-thigh), waist circumference, skin fold thickness and some biochemical metabolic parameters like glucose, insulin and free fatty acids, etc in the blood were measured and compared before and after 12-week intervention within groups as well as between groups according to the protocol Results: Twenty six volunteers were dropped out and fifty five volunteers completed the study. At the end of 4, 8, and 12 weeks, approximately 1.98%, 3.00% and 3.50% losses of initial body weight were observed, respectively, in the test group (P<0.01), and 0.29, % ,0.74%, 1.60%, respectively, in the placebo group (P>0.05). BMI changed by 2.40%, 3.41% and 4.46%, respectively, in the test group, and 0.38%, 0.95% and 1.75%, respectively, in the placebo group, at each period of time. The reductions of body weight and BMI were significantly higher in the test group than in the placebo group at each period of time (P<0.05). Conclusions: It is thought that the combination of functional beverage, which contains mostly garcinia cambogia, L-carnitine, and soy peptide, and exercise have synergy effects on reducing body fat.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.61-73
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• 1983

경지(耕地)의 이용율(利用率)을 높이면서 식량작물(食糧作物)의 증산(增産)을 위하여 현행작부체계(現行作付體系)를 개선(改善)할 기초자료(基礎資料)를 얻고자 충남지방(忠南地方)을 도시근교(都市近郊)(대덕(大德) 천원군(天原郡)), 평야지역(平野地域)(논산(論山) 당률군(唐律郡)), 해안지역(海岸地域)(서산(瑞山) 보령군(保寧郡)), 및 산간지역(山間地域)(공주(公州) 청양군(靑陽郡))으로 구분(區分)하여 각(各) 지역별(地域別)로 10호(戶)의 농가(農家)를 선정(選定) 계(計)400호(戶)의 농가(農家)에 대(對)하여 1982년(年)에 재배(栽培)한 전답(田沓)의 작부양식(作付樣式)과 그 이용(利用) 상황(狀況)을 조사분석(調査分析)하였는데 그 결과(結果)를 다음과 같이 요약(要約)한다. 1) 밭의 평균이용율(平均利用率)은 161.9%이었는데 평야지역(平野地域)은 188.9%로 그 이용율(利用率)이 가장 높았고 도시근교(都市近郊)는 152.0%로 가장 낮았다. 2) 밭에서 재배(栽培)된 작목수(作目數)는 32종(種)이었는데 밭의 총식부면적중(總植付面積中) 콩의 재배면적(栽培面積) 비율(比率)이 18.8%로서 가장 높았고 다음은 보리가 15.4%, 고추는 13.1% 그리고 배추가 10.1% 등이었으나 도시근교(都市近郊)에서는 고추, 평야지역(平野地域)과 해안지역(海岸地域)에서는 콩, 산간지역(山間地域)에서는 보리의 재배면적비율(栽培面積比率)이 가장 높았다. 3) 논의 평균이용율(平均利用率)은 115.6%이었는데 도시근교(都市近郊)는 140.0%로 그 이용율(利用率)이 가장 높았고 해안지역(海岸地域)은 108.2%로서 가장 낮았다. 4) 논에서 재배(栽培)된 작목수(作目數)는 12종(種)이었는데 수도(水稻)를 제외(除外)하면 보리의 재배면적(栽培面積)이 가장 넓어서 총식부면적(總植付面積)의 5.0%를 차지하고 있으며 다음은 딸기가 4.0%이었으나 도시근교(都市近郊)에서는 딸기, 기타지역(其他地域)에서는 보리의 재배면적(栽培面積)이 가장 넓었다. 5) 밭의 작부유형(作付類型)은 1년(年)1작형(作型)과 1년(年)2작형(作型)으로 나타났는데 1년(年)2작형(作型)은 다시 작물간(作物間)의 조합(組合)에 따라서 38형(型)으로 분류(分類)되며 기중(其中) 대맥(大麥)+대두형(大豆型)의 재배면적(栽培面積)은 1년(年)2작면적(作面積)의 35.0%를 차지하고 있으나 도시근교(都市近郊)에서는 이 형(型)의 재배면적(栽培面積)이 좁은 반면(反面) 채소류간(菜蔬類間)의 조합면적(組合面積)이 넓었다. 6) 논의 1년(年)2작형(作型)은 다시 6개형(個型)으로 나뉘는데 수도(水稻)+맥류형(麥類型)의 재배면적(栽培面積)이 1년(年)2작면적(作面積)의 42.8%로 가장 높은 비율(比率)을 차지하고 있으나 도시근교(都市近郊)에서는 이 형(型)의 재배면적(栽培面積)이 좁고 수도(水稻)+과채류(果菜類)의 재배면적(栽培面積)이 가장 넓었다. 한편 답이작면적(沓裏作面積)은 1년(年)2작면적(作面積)의 76.3%로서 답전작면적(沓前作面積)보다 현저히 넓었다. 7) 밭의 작부조합(作付組合)에 있어서는 동과(同科) 또는 근록작물(近綠作物)로서 윤작특성(輪作特性)이 근사(近似)한 작물간(作物間)의 불합리(不合理)한 재배조합면적(栽培組合面積)이 19.09ha에 달(達)했다. 8) 밭에서의 식량작물(食糧作物) 재배면적(栽培面積)은 88.92ha인데 반(反)하여 채소류(菜蔬類)는 93.70ha, 그러고 공운작물(工芸作物)이 21.80ha로서 식량작물(食糧作物)의 재배면적(栽培面積)이 채소류(菜蔬類)의 재배면적(栽培面積)보다 좁았다. 9) 1910년(年)부터 1980년(年)까지 연구보고(硏究報告)된 보문중(報文中) 1134건(件)을 분석(分析)한 결과(結果) 우리나라에서의 작부(作付) 체계(體系)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)는 답이작중심(沓裏作中心)으로 이루어졌고 연구(硏究) 목적(目的)은 14개(個)로 분류(分類)할수 있었는데 파종기(播種期), 파종량(播種量), 시비량(施肥量), 이식기(移植期), 작휴법(作畦法), 파종방법(播種方法) 및 품종선발(品種選拔) 시험(試驗) 등이 대부분(大部分)이었다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.101-122
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• 1994

This paper is one of the sequels from 'A Survey of Villages and Dwellings of Korean Immigrants in the North-Eastern Part of China'. It is the result of the extensive survey of Ch'ang-ts'ai-tsun village and covers several architectural characteristics of the dwellings. This paper alma to identify the 'double file' dwelling type, which is believed as one of the main stream of Korean folk dwelling. In this type, 'Chung-ju-kan' forms the central open space, where main household functions are carried out. This type originates from climatic reasons and functional reasons as well. This paper also aims to clarify how the dwelling forms are changed according to the life styles of various periods. The Korean immigrants in this village have experienced rapid changes in modern times like other Chinese. Through various political movements, the original dwelling type of this village has changed to adapt various needs and functions, which shows the simple truth : dwelling form changes according to the changes of life style and social structure. In this paper the directions of chimney through various periods are analyzed to verify the differences of the house layout methods and concepts of the time. The village had grown through 3 main periods before liberation period(1946), communization period(1946 - 1966) and contemporary period (1967 - ). It is concluded as follows: 1. The village was originated in late 19th century along the east-west street, which was a major routes of Korean Immigrants to China. In this area there was no regularity in its site plan. The direction of chimney, which was usually westward, was not determined according to the location of gate. This type was kept until liberization of this area, 1946. The plans of dwellings followed Ham-kyong-do 'double file' dwelling type, '6-kan dwelling' or '8-kan dwelling'. 2. The 'New Village' area, which was formed in the communization period, has a strict regularity in its site plan. The direction of chimney was determined as opposite direction of the gate. This method was maintained until 1976, when Mao died and new 'open' policy was held by Chinese government. In this area the 'dwelling house' plan type was not changed, but its layout and size were restricted. The general form of the dwelling in this village was shaped in this period. 3. The contemporary dwellings were built in random site location. The dwelling type was changed because of the reduction of family size and the permissin of private ownership. The number of rooms was reduced but the storage rooms and domestic animal hutches were added. But the 'Chung-ju-kan', the major chacteristics of north-eastern Korea dwelling is still kept. It becomes one large 'Chtin-ju-kan' room like 'open plan' type.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.148-154
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• 2021

매가오리목 매가오리과에 속하는 Mobula thurstoni 2개체(1770~1850 mm 체반폭)가 2018년 9월 전라남도 여수시 연도 연안에서 정치망으로 채집되었다. 이 종은 가슴지느러미의 앞부분이 이중 굴곡이고, 등지느러미 바로 뒤 꼬리 시작부분에 가시가 없으며, 등지느러미 끝부분에는 흰색이고, 그리고 등쪽의 체색이 어두운 남색을 띤다. Mobula kuhlii와 가장 형태적으로 유사하였지만, 가슴지느러미 앞부분에 이중 굴곡을 가지고 있다는 점(vs. 직선이거나 약간의 굴곡을 가진다)과 등쪽 체색이 어두운 남색을 띤다는 점(vs. 회갈색)에서 잘 구분된다. 또한, 이 종은 M. kuhlii와 미토콘드리아 16S rRNA 영역에서 유전적 거리 0.030~0.069의 차이를 보여 구분되었다. 이 종의 새로운 국명으로 '매끈꼬리쥐가오리'를 제안한다.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2024

본 연구는 중고생의 마음챙김과 행복의 관계에서 감사성향과 자아존중감의 이중 매개효과를 확인하고 행복을 증진시킬 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 조사대상은 충남의 S시에 재학중인 중고등학생을 유의표집하였고, 설문조사를 통하여 자료를 수집하였다. 수집한 SPSS PC+ Win. ver. 25.0과 SPSS PROCESS macro ver. 4.2를 활용하여 분석하였다. 자료는 빈도분석, 신뢰도분석, 상관관계분석, 이중 매개효과분석 기법을 적용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 첫째 마음챙김, 감사성향, 자아존중감 및 행복 간에는 유의미한 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 특히 감사성향과 자아존중감 간에는 가장 높은 상관관계가 있었다. 둘째, 감사성향과 자아존중감은 중고등학생의 마음챙김과 행복의 관계에서 이중 매개효과가 있었다. 이러한 결과는 중고등학생을 대상으로 마음챙김, 감사성향 및 자아존중감 등 심리적 변인을 활용하여 행복 증진을 위한 새로운 실천 모델로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권19호
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• pp.8521-8526
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• 2014

In many countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), cancer is an increasing problem due to ageing and a transition to Western lifestyles. Governments have been slow to react to the health consequences of these socioeconomic changes, leading to the risk of a cancer epidemic overwhelming the region. A major limitation to motivating change is the paucity of high-quality data on cancer, and its socioeconomic repercussions, in ASEAN. Two initiatives have been launched to address these issues. First, a study of over 9000 new cancer patients in ASEAN - the ACTION study - which records information on financial difficulties, as well as clinical outcomes, subsequent to the diagnosis. Second, a series of roundtable meetings of key stakeholders and experts, with the broad aim of producing advice for governments in ASEAN to take appropriate account of issues relating to cancer, as well as to generate knowledge and interest through engagement with the media. An important product of these roundtables has been the Jakarta Call to Action on Cancer Control. The growth and ageing of populations is a global challenge for cancer services. In the less developed parts of Asia, and elsewhere, these problems are compounded by the epidemiological transition to Western lifestyles and lack of awareness of cancer at the government level. For many years, health services in less developed countries have concentrated on infectious diseases and mother-and-child health; despite a recent wake-up call (United Nations, 2010), these health services have so far failed to allow for the huge increase in cancer cases to come. It has been estimated that, in Asia, the number of new cancer cases per year will grow from 6.1 million in 2008 to 10.6 million in 2030 (Sankaranarayanan et al., 2014). In the countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), corresponding figures are 770 thousand in 2012 (Figure 1), rising to 1.3 million in 2030 (Ferlay et al., 2012). ASEAN consists of Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. It, thus, includes low- and middle-income countries where the double whammy of infectious and chronic diseases will pose an enormous challenge in allocating limited resources to competing health issues. Cancer statistics, even at the sub-national level, only tell part of the story. Many individuals who contract cancer in poor countries have no medical insurance and no, or limited, expectation of public assistance. Whilst any person who has a family member with cancer can expect to bear some consequential burden of care or expense, in a poor family in a poor environment the burden will surely be greater. This additional burden from cancer is rarely considered, and even more rarely quantified, even in developed nations.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.325-354
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 이주여성의 생애사에서는 어떠한 젠더가 구성되고 있는 것으로 재현되고 있는지, 그 과정을 분석하는 데에 있다. 이를 위해 간호노동자로 이주한 10명의 재독한인여성들과 Schutze(1983)의 생애사적-내러티브 인터뷰를 실시하였고, 인터뷰 자료도 그의 분석방법에 의거해 분석하였다. 그 결과, 이들의 생애사에 재현된 젠더는 결혼 이전까지는 동일한 양상을 보였으나, 결혼 이후에는 직업과 가정을 양립한 경우와 가정에만 전념한 경우에 따라 다른 양상을 보임을 포착할 수 있었다. 즉, 이주 이전의 여학생이나 노동여성으로서의 '인생진행 과정'에서는 두 경우 모두 성분리적 젠더를 부분적으로 '해체'했고, 이주 이후의 노동이주여성으로 전환된 인생진행 과정에서는 성중립적 젠더를 부분적으로 '행했는데', 결혼 이후의 인생진행 과정에서는 전자의 경우에는 노동이주여성과 결혼이주여성으로서의 이중적 위치에서 성중립적 젠더를 더욱 강화시키고 있었고 또 강화시키고 있는 것과는 달리, 후자의 경우에는 결혼이주여성으로 전환된 단일한 위치에서 성분리적 젠더를 다시 재구성하였고 시간이 경과함에 따라 이를 더욱 고착화시키고 있는 차이가 있음을 추적할 수 있었다. 이에, 이러한 연구결과에 근거해 이주여성의 생애사에 재현된 젠더를 이해한 사회복지실천에 시사하는 함의를 제시하였다.