• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.83-102
• /
• 2010

This study aims to understand and compare the characteristics of two major approaches to solving global environmental problems - an academic approach including scholarly activities of environmental sciences and a practical approach of environmental movements led by NGOs - by employing informetric analysis methods. Knowledge structure of environmental sciences is depicted through co-citation networks of subject categories assigned to the cited journals in the discipline of environmental sciences for the 10-year period from 2000 to 2009. Furthermore, major interests of environmental NGOs are identified on the basis of external link data collected from web sites of the NGOs. Co-word analyses are also performed using the texts of journal papers in environmental sciences as well as news articles provided by NGO sites. Through the analyses, dominant subject areas of environmental sciences and environmental movements are identified demonstrating similarities and differences between the two approaches.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.477-494
• /
• 2007

This paper offers a brief overview of the historical implications of residential segregation in Busan, Korea. It first reviews the history of residence from the early 1900s to the present and the transition of residential boundary of the City of Busan. It then considers the characteristics of residential segregation and the important factors in it. The social class of pre-industrial society led the inequality of residential areas around the Eubchee. The existed Korean residential areas were separated by newly built-up residential areas in the Japanese colonial era. After the liberation from Japanese Rule and Korean War, rapid population growth made considerable slums across the City of Busan. These slums were an important factor to segregate residential areas from prosperous areas ever afterward. The socio-economic status has related to residential segregation through the formation of differential housing classes since 1990s. The historial analysis of these periods will offer an insight into how the dominant factors lead residential segregation in a specific period by promoting a more socio-economically integrated society.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.103-114
• /
• 1992

Diurnal and seasonal variation of demersal fishes of Asan Bay were studied using seasonal samples collected by an otter trawl from autumn 1989 to summer 1990. For each sampling period, three to five trawl hauls were completed to obtain day and night samples. Of 32 species identified, Chaturichthys stigmatias, Cynoglossus joyneri, Thrissa koreana, Repomuenus lunatus and Hexagrammos otakii accounted for $79.5\%$ of the individuals collected, and C. joyneri, T koreana, H. otakii, Raja kenojei and Kareius bicoloratus constituted $67.1\%$ of the biomass obtained. Apparently, larger number of individuals and greater biomass were collected in night hauls. However, there is no significant difference between day and night samples in community structure, mean abundance and body length of the dominant demersal species. The greatest numbers and biomass of fishes were collected in summer and the lowest in winter. The abundance of fishes in the study area were dependent upon seasonal effects such as temperature.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.189-195
• /
• 1989

The ecological studies of the benthic polychaetes were carried out in the follow Sea for the period of August 1982 through February 1986. Special emphasis were placed on quantitative species composition and the importance of polychaetes in the benthic community. Polychaete group ranked numerically high, composing $35.1\~46.4\%$ of the total benthos. In the biomass, echinoderms or mollusks showed as a dominant group, but the range of its seasonal variation was very large. Due to the use of sampling gear, the relative importance of polychaetes was somewhat different. The case of a dredge showed a little lower composition rate of polychaetes than a grab one. This result was caused by high density of benthic animals because the dredge would tow only much more surface sediments than the grab sampler. The present studies included a total of 141 species and the representative polychaetes in this area were Spiophanes bormbyx, Ampharete arctica, Geniada maulata, Nephtys caeca, Nothria iridescens.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.19 no.9
• /
• pp.1005-1012
• /
• 2009

Lysozyme and the reduction of metabisulfite addition to red wine were evaluated during a winemaking process and after malolactic fermentation (MLF). Treatment, with lysozyme, of the must from Tempranillo grapes and at the end of alcoholic fermentation (AF) caused the 100% implantation of the inoculated bacterial strain and shortened the duration of MLF by 7 days. At the end of the MLF, wines treated with lysozyme showed lower volatile acidity, color intensity, and biogenic amine content. The differences in color intensity disappeared during wine stabilization. The lysozyme addition after MLF led to lower histamine concentrations in wines. These phenomena occurred irrespective of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) proliferation control and of the Oenococcus oeni dominant strain identified at this period. The results of this study show the significance of preventive use of lysozyme in vinification of red wine to maintain low histamine levels and ensure a successful implantation of inoculated O. oeni starters.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.540-544
• /
• 2002

Rett syndrome is an X-linked dominant, progressive neurodevelopmental disorder, with a prevalence estimated to be one in 10,000-15,000 girls, which is thought to be the second most common genetic causes of mental retardation in females after Down syndrome. Patients with classic Rett syndrome show an apparently normal neonatal period, followed by developmental regression and deceleration of head growth, accompanied by gradual loss of speech and purposeful hand use, and development of microcephaly, seizures, autism, ataxia, intermittent hyperventilation and stereotypic hand movements. After regression between infancy and the fifth year of life, the clinical course stabilizes and patients usually survive into adulthood. It was recently discovered that Rett syndrome is caused by mutations in the methyl-CpG binding protein 2(MECP2) gene. Diagnosis of Rett syndrome is clinically difficult before three years of age, especially in atypical cases, but molecular analysis of the MECP2 gene could assist correct diagnosis in some patients. Recently, we diagnosed a case of Rett syndrome in a two year-old girl by mutational analysis of the MECP2 gene and want to report this case with brief review of literature.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.186-194
• /
• 2013

We compiled and analyzed long-term time-series data collected in Korea to evaluate changes in oceanographic conditions and marine ecosystems near Jeju Island ($33^{\circ}00^{\prime}-34^{\circ}00^{\prime}\;N$, $125^{\circ}30^{\prime}-127^{\circ}30^{\prime}\;E$) from 1981 to 2010. Environmental data included depth-specific time series of temperature and salinity that have been measured bimonthly since 1961 in water columns at 175 fixed stations along 22 oceanographic lines in Korean waters by the National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, and time series of estimated volume transport of the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) and Korea Strait Bottom Cold Water (KSBCW) for the period from 1961 to 2008. We analyzed the species composition in terms of biomass of fish species caught by Korean fishing vessels in the waters near Jeju Island (1981-2010). Data were summarized and related to environmental changes using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). The CCA detected major shifts in fish community structure between 1982 and 1983 and between 1990 and 1992; the dominant species were a filefish during 1981-1992 and chub mackerel from 1992 to 2007. CCA suggested that water temperature and salinity in the mixed layer and the volume transport of the TWC and the KSBCW were significantly related to the long-term changes in the fish community in the waters off Jeju Island. Fish community shifts seemed to be related to the well-established 1989 regime shift in the North Pacific. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms driving climate change effects on the thermal windows and habitat ranges of commercial species to develop fisheries management plans based on reliable projections of long-term changes in the oceanographic conditions in waters off Jeju Island.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.337-342
• /
• 2013

Porphyra yezoensis is potentially an excellent source of dietary fiber, amino acids, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) because this red seaweed is available in large quantities and is rich in polysaccharides, proteins, and n-3 fatty acids. This study determined the insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), soluble dietary fiber (SDF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), amino acid, and fatty acid contents of P. yezoensis harvested monthly from November 2011 to March 2012. The total dietary fiber (TDF) and IDF contents ranged from 27.2-34.9% and 18.5-26.9%, respectively, and were greater in March than November. The SDF content ranged from 4.9-8.4% and did not differ significantly during growth. Galactose and 3,6-anhydro galactose were the major sugars in IDF and SDF. The higher levels of galactose and 3,6-anhydro galactose in IDF might be due to associated porphyran-type polysaccharides. Mannose and xylose were also major sugars in IDF. The total amino acid contents decreased gradually from November to March. The total amino acid composition of Porphyra was dominated by alanine, glutamic acid, arginine, and aspartic acid. No significant changes in the fatty acid profile were observed throughout the study period. The dominant fatty acid during all seasons was EPA, which comprised as much as 50% of the total fatty acid content.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.24 no.12
• /
• pp.1707-1718
• /
• 2014

In this study, the phylogenetic diversities of bacterial and archaeal communities in a plant-microbial fuel cell (P-MFC) were investigated together with the environmental parameters, affecting its performance by using rice as a model plant. The beneficial effect of the plant appeared only during a certain period of the rice-growing season, at which point the maximum power density was approximately 3-fold higher with rice plants. The temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), and pH in the cathodic and anodic compartments changed considerably during the rice-growing season, and a higher temperature, reduced difference in pH between the cathodic and anodic compartments, and higher EC were advantageous to the performance of the P-MFC. A 16S rRNA pyrosequencing analysis showed that the 16S rRNAs of Deltaproteobacteria and those of Gammaproteobacteria were enriched on the anodes and the cathodes, respectively, when the electrical circuit was connected. At the species level, the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) related to Rhizobiales, Geobacter, Myxococcus, Deferrisoma, and Desulfobulbus were enriched on the anodes, while an OTU related to Acidiferrobacter thiooxydans occupied the highest proportion on the cathodes and occurred only when the circuit was connected. Furthermore, the connection of the electrical circuit decreased the abundance of 16S rRNAs of acetotrophic methanogens and increased that of hydrogenotrophic methanogens. The control of these physicochemical and microbiological factors is expected to be able to improve the performance of P-MFCs.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.22 no.11
• /
• pp.1523-1531
• /
• 2012

The metabolite profile of meju during fermentation was analyzed using mass spectrometry techniques, including GC-MS and LC-MS, and the bacterial diversity was characterized. The relative proportions of bacterial strains indicated that lactic acid bacteria, such as Enterococcus faecium and Leuconostoc lactis, were the dominant species. In partial least-squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA), the componential changes, which depended on fermentation, proceeded gradually in both the GC-MS and LC-MS data sets. During fermentation, lactic acid, amino acids, monosaccharides, sugar alcohols, and isoflavonoid aglycones (daidzein and genistein) increased, whereas citric acid, glucosides, and disaccharides decreased. MS-based metabolite profiling and bacterial diversity characterization of meju demonstrated the changes in metabolites according to the fermentation period and provided a better understanding of the correlation between metabolites and bacterial diversity.