• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.260-265
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• 2003

Recently there are operating the Floating Vessel with the positioning control unit in ocean. This technology is not open to industrial society as exclusive one. In order to improve technical competition for its domestic product. It is required to develope the relevant product like above subject. This system consist of DGPS System, Unique Analysis, System Network, and Mooring System and so on. Accordingly Model/Field test were carried out to verify its Function / Performance for application of practical product. In this development, we have prepared the successful result to operate the speedy / accurate / stable unit as shown on this subject 'Development of Positioning Control System for Ship and Offshore using the DGPS'. And also it is expected to install this product for ship and offshore unit.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.1177-1184
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• 2011

Ceramic insert and anchor has many advantages compared with existing steel products, therefor widely applied for concrete bridge, tunnel, railroad and building etc. in Japan. Ceramic insert and anchor start-to-used in Korea is no longer, but the product has already been applied to various construction sites and have been recognized for excellence. But now in Korea, the ceramic insert and anchor are not yet widely use like in Japan. This paper was an introduction to the ceramic insert and anchor, and detailed explained the product excellent performance. Ceramic insert and anchor can be applied to many areas, but in this case the focus was the application of ceramic insert and anchor for railway structures. In this paper we detailed compared the ceramic products with existing steel products in their respective characteristic, and analyzed on their application in domestic and foreign.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.452-459
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• 2008

The compressed injection yellow ocher soil is the process-technology by drying the product through sunshine, not by firing like pottery and ceramic ware. It is the technology of development being able to achieve the far infrared ray and humidity adjustment by adding recycling paper, Korean paper and bamboo salt, and it corresponds with the construction enforcement ordinance 2007 as an interior-finishing product which is fire-resistant. In case that the yellow ocher soil would be used as lighting device and interior-finishing material and decoration, it could contribute to an improvement of National Health by avoiding the sick house syndrome and adding humidity adjustment, and it has more efficient economic effect due to using recycle-available additives. Through such developments of the yellow ocher soil products the domestic market of lighting device and construction material can be advanced and the replacement effect of imported goods & also export effect can be expected accordingly.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.501-519
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• 1996

There are two kinds of commercially available ginseng root, red ginseng and white ginseng processed from fresh ginseng root Those ginsengs are primary product from fresh ginseng root and have the characteristic of keeping their original root shape Processed ginseng products are made from either red ginseng or white ginseng by way of complicated process of pulverization. Extraction. Condensation, fettering, sterilization, etc. Among them there are extracts. extract powder, powder, capsules tablets, Candy, drinks, nectar, jelly, gums. chicken soup. tonic. etc. to meet the demand for consumer's pretheronce . The 200 kinds of processed secondary products are approximately produced in the form of 20 kinds of ginseng products by about 60 domestic companies. In spite of about 213.000 million won of domestic market in 1993. it seems like that the ginseng market of the future has not a good prospects The total market sale of white ginseng in Korea has been continuously decreased since 1991 And 963 tons of white ginseng was consumed in domestic market in 1993 The domestic market sales of white ginseng in origina1 root shave. was 90, 000 million won in 1993 and market price of the fine root used as a source of processed products has not been changed in these ten years. The total market sale of red ginseng and its processed products was 58, 000 million won in 1993 9.800 mi11ion won of red ginseng in original root shape and 48.000mi11ion of processed red ginseng product. Ginseng products such as extracts, drinks, teas and tonics etc atre mostly exported to south-east Asia. And the total exports of ginseng pi.oducts (extracts, drinks teas) decreased to 54 million dollars in 1994, compared with 85 million dollars in 1992. Despite of extensive knowledge about ginseng little is still known about the development of new processed ginseng pl.oducts because of "Know-How". Some papars have presented the effects of extracting method(amounts of solvent. time. temperature, equipment. etc.) on the quality and yields of ginseng extr acts. Also. some researchers have carried out a few studies on the poriflcation of the extracts and the amounts of precipitation in the drink at variotas pH during the storage for preventinly drink from precipitation. A fell studies on the preservation of Korean ginseng powder. tea. Extract powder by irradiation and ozone treatment have been reported by some researcher for the improvement hygienic quality of ginseng products There are also some reports about the effects of ginseng components on the acid production by lactic acid bacteria or acetic acid bacteria. and alcohol production by yeast for the development of new ginseng products processed by fermentation. To make ginseng more able to contribute to the health of mankind in the future. consistent and considerable efforts should be focussed on improving the taste of ginseng and developing various new product as a health food or a function food.tion food.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.41-63
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• 2004

The area covered by product liability in broadest sense is so vast that an attempt to analyse all its impact on the aviation world risk. Every effort has been made to confine our review of subject a closely as possible to its influence on aircraft manufacturers, airlines and passengers, in spite of strong connections with other spheres of commercial. Product Liability in aviation is the liability of aircraft's manufacturer, processor or non-manufacturing seller for injury to the person or property of a buyer or third party caused by a product which has been sold. Here-in a product is aircraft, third party is passengers who suffered damage by defective design, defective construction, inadequate instructions for handling in aircraft. Whenever a product turns out to be defective after it has been sold, there are under Anglo-American law three remedies available against the aircraft's manufacturer (1) liability for negligence (2) breach of warranty (3) strict liability in tort. There are Under continental law Three remedies available against the aircraft's manufacturer (1) liability for defective warranty (2) liability for non-fulfillment of obligation (3) liability in tort. It is worth pointing out here an action for breach of warranty or for defective warranty, for non-fulfillment of obligation is available only to direct purchaser on the basis of his contract with the aircraft's manufacturer, which of course weakness its range and effectiveness. An action for tort offers the advantage of being available also to third parties who have acquired the defective product at a later stage. In tort, obligations are constituted not only by contract, but also by stature and common law. In conclusion, There in no difference in principle of law. In conclusion I would like to make few suggestions regarding the product liability for aircraft's manufacturer. Firstly, current general product liability code does not specify whether government offices(e.g. FAA) inspector conducted the inspection and auditory certificate can qualify as conclusive legal evidence. These need to be clarified. Secondly, because Korea is gaining potential of becoming aircraft's manufacturer through co-manufacturing and subcontracting-manufacturing with the US and independent production, there needs legislation that can harmonize the protection of both aircraft's manufacturers and their injured parties. Since Korea is in primary stage of aviation industry, considerate policy cannot be overlooked for its protection and promotion. Thirdly, because aircraft manufacturers are risking restitution like air-carriers whose scope of restitution have widened to strict and unlimited liability, there needs importation of mandatory liability insurance and national warranty into the product liability for aircraft's manufacturers. Fourthly, there needs domestic legislation of air transportation law that clearly regulates overall legal relationship in air transportation such as carrier & aircraft manufacturer's liability, and aviation insurance.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.18
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• pp.159-188
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• 2002

International joint ventures are usually formed and managed by domestic companies and foreign investors for the common objectives. They offer an opportunity for each partner to benefit significantly from the comparative advantages of the other. Local partners bring knowledge of the domestic market; familiarity with government bureaucracies and regulations; understanding of local labor markets; and existing manufacturing facilities. Foreign partners can offer advanced process and product technologies, management know-how, and access to export markets. In Korea, joint ventures have been encouraged to usher in foreign investors with foreign currency capital badly needed during the IMF financial crisis. In the meantime, Korean laws and regulations with respect to joint ventures have been largely overhauled to promote foreign direct investment (FDI) both inbound and outbound. They include four types of FDI, i.e., acquisition of foreign stocks, provision of long-term loans, participation in joint operations like resources development, and establishment of foreign offices. From the legal point of view, the formal joint venture agreement must be an offspring of a series of tough negotiations between domestic and foreign partners. They usually stress the long-term relationship with the good will and dedication to each other, and restrict the free transfer of stocks. Both partners are earnestly interested in the ownership and management of the joint venture. So they keep a close eye on the articles of incorporation, changes of business environment, conflict resolution methods, transparency of accounting and other financial matters. When a multinational corporation (MNC) is involved in the joint venture, conflicts over management strategies, marketing and other issues take place more often than not between the MNC and local partners. We have to pay attention to joint ventures, particularly, in China and North Korea. As witnessed in other transition economies, China is eagerly bringing in foreign direct investments for the development of nation's economy. China encourages foreign investors to establish ordinary joint ventures, contractual joint ventures, solely invested foreign capital companies and jointly operated development companies with local partners. In North Korea, however, joint ventures have a different meaning like contractual joint ventures in China, in which North Korean partners have an initiative in the management. Rather, jointly operated companies or simply processing-for-wage companies are recommended in view of the unpredictable legal infrastructure in North Korea.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.21-43
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• 2015

Korean floricultural industry has grown under the full backing of government, as it placed itself as the main export item since 2000s. Despite its high-speed growth after the domestic production scale of trillion won, the floricultural industry lost its pace after 2005, due to the market-opening of agricultural product and global economic depression. Although the national income is growing and the level of civilized living is following, spending on flowers is faltering. As of such circumstances, necessity for analyzing flower consumption trend and behavior has came out, along with the calls for expansion plan of flower consumption, under the basis of result analysis on consumer reports. The result of the research contains the trend/consumption behavior analysis on domestic and foreign flower industry to boost floricultural industry, along with reviews on various studies of the developmental process of domestic and foreign cut-flowers/pot-plants consumption trend. Also this study has reached to the various recognition of people toward flower, through a public survey. Through such results, this study would like to propose the measures for diffusion of flower-consumption culture, achieving the improvement of life-quality of public along. First, efforts on reviewing the customer accessibility is essential to create flower- culture and the consumption. Second, to eliminate the obstacles that prevents flowers from public's daily life is essential. Third is the effective public-relations on flowers. To create consuming culture and to adhere the positive images, it is essential to research and systematically organize categories of color, scent, and elements of flower and utilize them. Last proposal is the organization of flower-concerned personnels and the leading groups. The change is affected by the economical, social environment, along with the emotions of consumers. Therefore the necessity for the leading group to be the control-tower of such changes are very clear.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.57
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• pp.221-241
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• 2013

Country of origin is very important in terms of consumers right to know, protection of producer, national finance and tariff preference etc. The principal issues related to country of origin are breaches of origin mark, determination of origin of OEM products, domestic products using imported raw materials, exports products, and fairness of penalties. This study focus origin mark issues on key components and set products which have not been treated so far. First, Origin mark issues on key components need to introduce multiple countries of origin for the same products. Some specific products, which are considered important key components or materials, has to mark multiple country of origin in terms of portion and significance. Next, Origin mark issues on set products need to expand the objects from 15 listed items of Korea Foreign Trade Act to all items of HS tariff schedules of Korea Customs Act. A set products which below 15% of components can mark single country of origin like FTA agreement such as Korea-EU FTA, Korea-EFTA, Korea-US FTA and Korea-Peru FTA.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.43-50
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• 2023

With the advent of industrialization, consumers and end-users demand more reliable products. Meeting these demands requires a comprehensive approach, involving tasks such as market information collection, planning, reliable raw material procurement, accurate reliability design, and prediction, including various reliability tests. Moreover, this encompasses aspects like reliability management during manufacturing, operational maintenance, and systematic failure information collection, interpretation, and feedback. Improving product reliability requires prioritizing it from the initial development stage. Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is a widely used method to increase product reliability. In this study, we reanalyzed using the FMEA method and proposed an improved method. Domestic railways lack an accurate measurement method or system for maintenance, so maintenance decisions rely on the opinions of experienced personnel, based on their experience with past faults. However, the current selection method is flawed as it relies on human experience and memory capacity, which are limited and ineffective. Therefore, in this study, we further specify qualitative contents to systematically accumulate failure modes based on the Failure Modes Table and create a standardized form based on the Master FMEA form to newly systematize it.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.52
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• pp.97-118
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• 2011

85% of South Korea's gross domestic product(GDP) depends on trade. Exports amount in 2011 exceeds $ 5,000Billion. Korea is expected to achieve $ 1 trillion in total trade volume and will become finally the ninth in the world. We do not have a lot of natural resources and are bound to export the finished products to pursue economic development. In other words, trade sector is very essential for Korea to continue economic growth. The department of trade in universities have brought up the concerned students serving for trade sectors. Currently, "half-price tuition" in universities has become very controversial issue in Korea so this paper studies the efficiency of "the Department" because the universities may reconsider the adjustment of tuition fee, if they can enhance the efficiency level. DEA model is used for the analysis. As a result, 8 DMUs like KAN1, KEI5, BAE10 etc. show relatively higher efficiency levels.