• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.673-677
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• 2017

The present study was performed to investigate the seroprevalence and risk factors for Dirofilaria immitis infection in cats from Liaoning province, northeastern China. From October 2014 to September 2016, sera of 651 cats, including 364 domestic cats and 287 feral cats (332 females and 319 males) were assessed. They were tested for the presence of D. immitis antigen using SNAP Heartworm RT test kit. In this population, the average prevalence was 4.5%. Age and rearing conditions (feral or domestic) were found to be associated with the prevalence of D. immitis. The prevalence was significantly higher in feral cats compared with domestic cats (8.4% vs 1.4%, P<0.01). There was no significant difference between males and females (4.7% vs 4.2%, P>0.05), but older cats (${\geq}3$ years old) showed a statistically higher prevalence compared with younger cats (<3 years old) in feral populations (16.8 vs 2.4%, P<0.01), while the difference between the age groups was not statistically significant in domestic cats (2.4% vs 0.51%, P>0.05), all these results suggest that outdoor exposure time may be one of the most important factors for D. immitis prevalence in cats. Results reveal that D. immitis are prevalence in domestic and feral cats in northeastern China, which indicates that appropriate preventive measures should be taken to decrease the incidence of feline heartworm disease in Liaoning province, northeastern China.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2020

Domestic cats (Felis catus) introduced to insular environments can be invasive predators that often threaten endemic species and cause biodiversity loss or local extinction on the island. This study was conducted from March to July 2018 to understand the population size, home range, and spatial use of cats introduced to Mara Islet (N 33° 07', E 126° 16') in Jeju Special Governing Province, the Republic of Korea. Observation records based on their natural marks revealed that there were 20 adult cats on Mara Islet. A capture-recapture method also estimated 20 adult individuals (95% confidence interval: 20-24 individuals). According to our telemetry study on ten adults deployed with GPS-based telemetry units, the home range size was 12.05±6.99 ha (95% KDE: kernel density estimation), and the core habitat size was 1.60±0.77 ha (50% KDE). There were no significant differences in the home range and core habitat sizes by sex. The home range of domestic cats overlapped with the human residential area, where they might secure easy foods. Five of ten tracked cats were active at potential breeding colonies for the Crested Murrlet (Synthliboramphus wumizusume), and six approached potential breeding areas of the Styan's Grasshopper Warbler (Locustella pleskei), suggesting the predation risk of the two endangered species by cats. This study provides novel information on the population size and home range of introduced cats on Mara Islet which is an important stopover site of migratory birds as well as a breeding habitat of the two endangered avian species. Reducing the potential negative impacts of the introduced cats on migratory birds and the endangered species on Mara Islet requires monitoring of the predation rate of birds by cats, the population trends of cats and endangered breeding birds as well as the effective cat population control and management.

• Atmosphere
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.129-140
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• 2015

The statistical analysis of aviation turbulence occurred over South Korea and East Asia regions is performed, using pilot reports (PIREPs) during December 2002~November 2012 that were provided by the Korea Aviation Meteorological Agency (KAMA) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). In South Korea, the light (LGT)- and moderate or greater (MOG)-level turbulence events occurred most frequently in spring and winter due to strong vertical wind shear below or above jet stream in these seasons. Spatially, the LGT- and MOG-level events occurred mainly along domestic flight routes. The higher occurrences of the LGT- and MOG-level convectively induced turbulence (CIT) events show in spring and summer when convective systems frequently affect the Korean peninsula. The results are generally similar to a previous study on the aviation turbulence over South Korea during 2003~2008, except that MOG-level CIT events occurred more in February, June, and October. Over East Asia region, the LGT- and MOG-level events appeared mostly in summer and spring, respectively, and the highest occurrence is over the southeast region of Japan and Kamchatka peninsula near Russia.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2006

This study was conducted to determine the distribution of cat follicles among varying ages and produce oocytes from preantral follicles cultured in vitro. We used ovaries from 41 cats ranging in age from 0.3 to 5 years. Ovaries were obtained from cats undergoing routine ovariectomy at local veterinary clinics. As a prelude to in vitro culture of preantral follicles, the length and the width and the weight of ovaries among cats of varying ages were measured. Ovaries were fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, cut into $3{\mu}m$-sections, mounted on slides and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Follicles were evaluated at 200X and 400X magnification. Distribution of follicles among cats of varying ages were evaluated according to follicle classification: primordial, primary, transitional, preantral and antral follicles. Preantral follicles were isolated by the simple mechanical procedure. Each follicle was cultured in a well containing $100{\mu}l$ of medium 199 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) or polyvinylalcohol (PVA) for 16 days. Follicle diameters were measured under inverted microscope every 4 days. The length, the width and the weight of ovaries were increased gradually according to ages but there was not significant difference among cats of varying ages. Majority of follicles were primordial follicles (84%) regardless of cat ages (p<0.05). Follicle diameter increased until 4 days of culture. However, period longer than 4 days of culture in vitro had a deleterious effect on follicle survival regardless of supplement (FBS or PVA). A few oocytes were collected from preantral follicles cultured in vitro. These basic reproductive techniques in domestic cats can be a useful tool to save endangered feline species.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2002

Cut-slope due to the road construction is one of the most significant problems in the domestic case, that is, 70% of the land is covered by mountain. Moreover, typhoons or heavy rains concentrated in summer season causes the failure of cut-slope. Rock-fall and soil slope failure take 40.8% and 29.5% out of the entire domestic cut-slope failure, respectively. Rock-fall is quickly occurred by the free fall or rolling of rock fragments generally in the upper slope. Soil slope failure produces a clastics-flow and increases casualty especially when caused by heave rainfall because the velocity of the movement is verb high. Considering the car speed and rock-fall velocity, it will take a life in a moment. This study analyzes a set of field data of most recently collapsed domestic road cut-slopes to characterize these cut-slopes and the nature of rock-falls and clastics flows at each site. Based on the results, design criteria for a road alarm system are proposed, considering the relationship between the time required for clastics-flow and the velocity and braking distance of a cat at the incidence. The road alarm system proposed herein would operate instantly after a rock-fall and it will minimize damages, by warning drivels approaching to the collapse or collapsing location in advance.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2005

Seroprevalence of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infections were surveyed in 875 domestic cats derived from 4 major cities and 4 provinces in Korea. Of those tested, 715 were healthy and 160 were sick. FeLV and FIV were tested with AGEN/sup ⓡ/ FeLV-FIV, a commercial combo test kit. Ten out of 875 cats (1.1 %) were seropositive for FeLV and none out of 875 cats (0%) was positive for FIV, respectively. The positive rates for FeLV were 3.8% in sick cats and 0.6% in healthy cats. The cats at the age of more than 1 year showed higher incidence rates than the younger ones. There were no significant relationships either with the environment or with the sex. The prevalence of seropositive FeLV was 0.7% in mixed cats and 1.6% in pedigree cats. With respect to the regional prevalence of the FeLV, the highest seroprevalence (9.5%) was found in Gyeongsang province.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.301-304
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• 2013

Otic mass removal was performed in a 19-month-old, castrated domestic shorthair cat. The patient had 1- year history of recurrent otitis externa, and then otic mass in the right ear canal was found. Under general anesthesia, 2.7 mm rigid endoscope was inserted to the right ear canal with the irrigation system. The ovoid-shaped, 4.9 mm in diameter red otic mass located in the right ear canal was removed via traction-avulsion. Then, rupture of the tympanic membrane was revealed and otic flushing was performed with sterile isotonic (0.9%) saline to remove exudates. Histologically, the removed polyp was diagnosed as granulation tissue with severe ulceration. The patient didn't reveal any remarkable abnormality after surgery, and no recurrence were found after 5 months follow up. The video otoscopy seems to offer a useful option for treatment of a feline inflammatory polyp.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.527-530
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• 2014

A 7-year-old neutered male Korean domestic short-haired cat was referred to our clinic to treat constipation which had persisted for 6 months. The rectal examination revealed narrowing of the right lateral portion of the pelvic canal. A reduced pelvic canal diameter by pelvic fracture malunion was revealed on radiography. The pelvic canal diameter ratio measured from preoperative was 0.68. Based on rectal and radiographic examinations, constipation caused by pelvic canal narrowing was confirmed. Pelvic symphyseal distraction-osteotomy and iliac wedge osteotomy were performed. An iliac osteotomy of the ilium was performed to ease the pelvic symphyseal distraction. After the symphysis was split longitudinally, pelvic symphyseal distraction was maintained by using a spacer made of poly-methyl-methacrylate. The osteotomy of the ilium was fixed using a bone plate and screws. Increased pelvic canal diameter was confirmed on post-operative radiography and the postoperative pelvic canal diameter ratio was 0.91. The patient received antibiotics, NSAIDs, crystalloids and Lactulose for post-operative care. The cat recovered normal defecation abilities and did not have constipation at one week postoperatively. No episodes of constipation persisting longer than 6 months have been reported by owners in previous studies. Pelvic symphyseal distraction osteotomy and iliac wedge osteotomy may prove to be a useful surgical procedure to treat pelvic canal stenosis that is caused by pelvic fracture malunion.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.151-162
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• 1996

Pseudorabies is caused by Pseudorabies virus (PRV: Aujeszky's disease virus) of Herpesviridae that is characterized by 100 to 150nm in size with a linear double-stranded DNA molecule with of approximately $90{\times}10^6Da$. This disease affects most of domestic animals such as swine, cattle, dog, sheep, cat, chicken, etc. causing high mortality and economic losses. In swine, young piglets show high mortality and pregnant sows, reproductive failures. However the adult swine reveals no clinical signs in general. But they become a carrier state and play an important role for propagation of the disease. In this study, the nucleotide sequence of major casid protein gene of PRV, Yangsan strain isolated from the diseased swine in Korea was analyzed, and the recombinant MCP was produced by expression of the MCP gene in Sf-9 cell using baculovirus transfer vector system. As result, in BamHI digestion, MCP gene locus of PRV YS strain showed different from that of Indiana S strain. The patterns of enzyme mapping were also found to be unidentical each other. The sequence of the MCP gene partially analyzed showed 98.09% identity to Indiana S strain. The expression of MCP in Sf-9 cell cotransfected by pVLMCP-44 baculovirus expression vector was characterized by Southern blot hybridization, immunofluoresent and immunocytochemical tests, SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The rMCP with M.W. 142kDa was most effectively expressed in Sf-9 cells at the 3-4th days post inoculation of the recombinant baculovirus by 2 moi.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.590-594
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• 2016

Recently, the number of cases of animal bite wounds has increased significantly in concordance with an increase in the pet population around the world. The authors report two rare cases of osteomyelitis of the phalanx following cat and dog bites. On initial physical examination, signs of a severe infection were observed. Radiographs of both patients showed the presence of osteomyelitis, and in one of the patients, the diagnosis was confirmed with a bone biopsy. After use of empirical antibiotics, intravenous antibiotic therapy that matched the identified bacterium's sensitivity was initiated, and at the same time, secure dressing including debridement was performed to induce secondary healing. In addition, the patients were closely monitored with serial X-rays, and culture and blood test follow-up. One patient fully recovered without sequelae, but the other patient suffered a loss of distal interphalangeal joint motion. When dealing with bite wounds located on the hand, it is important to visit the hospital as soon as possible and receive the appropriate treatment early. Moreover, to prevent severe complications such as osteomyelitis, it is important to administer antibiotic therapy to which the cultured bacteria are sensitive, along with proper wound management and prophylactic antibiotic treatment.