• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제16B권6호
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• pp.489-496
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• 2009

계층적 작업 망(HTN) 계획방식은 문제영역의 고유한 제어지식을 효과적으로 이용할 수 있는 대표적인 계획방식으로서, 오랫동안 복잡도가 높은 실세계 응용분야들에 널리 이용되어 왔다. 하지만 아직은 HTN 계획방식에 대한 이론적 정형화와 표준화가 미흡하며, HTN 계획기들 사이에도 원리와 성능 면에서 약간의 차이를 보이고 있다. 본 논문에서는 HTN 계획 영역 명세를 표준 PDDL 명세로 변환하는 효과적인 방법을 제시한다. 이 방법의 주된 장점은 표준 PDDL 명세를 이해할 수 있는 많은 영역-독립적인 고전적 계획기들에서도 HTN 명세에 포함된 영역 고유의 제어지식을 효과적으로 이용할 수 있다는 점이다. 본 논문에서는 블록쌓기, 로봇 심부름, 하노이 탑 등 3 가지 다른 문제영역에 HTN 명세변환 방법을 적용해보고, 전향-추론 휴리스틱 상태-공간 계획기인 FF를 이용한 실험을 통해 변환-기반의 HTN 계획방식의 효율성을 분석해 본다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.55-65
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• 1998

This study was intended to suggest the desirable direction in the 7th national curriculum revision through the analysis of the elementary science textbooks in the 6th national curriculum. The analysis system was composed of three categories, (1)knowledge (2)inquiry process and (3)attitude. And knowledge was divided into fact, concept and rule. And inquiry process was divided into thirteen subcategories such as manipulating experimental apparatus, observing, measuring, recording data, classifying, interpreting/ predicting, determining relationship/ causal explanation, extrapolating/ interpolating, drawing conclusions/ formulating a generalization or model, evaluating, formulating a problem, generating a hypothesis and designing an experiment/ controlling variables. Each sentence in the textbooks was considered as an analyzing unit. The frequency and percentage of each category were counted and the ratios were calculated. The findings could be summarized as follows: 1. The content of the elementary science textbooks was composed of knowledge 10.3%, inquiry process 88.8%, attitude 0.8% respectively. 2. As increasing the grades, the ratio of knowledge showed high frequency, but that of attitude showed low frequency. 3. In All the grades, the ratio of observing was the highest in inquiry process. 4. In the domain of physics and chemistry, the manipulating experimental apparatus showed high frequency. In the domain of biology and earth science, the role of observing was emphasized.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제9권spc호
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• pp.79-98
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• 2003

This article reports that a testee's content schemata have detrimental effects on the validity of standardized reading comprehension tests. in case that the reading passages constitute his prior background knowledge framed by regular academic pursuits focused on a major field of study. The empirical research findings on such a reliability issue have shown that the Korean subjects' familiarity with the content domain of the reading materials may substantially enhance their test performance, operated as unfair advantages over the other participants at the same level of English proficiency who do not possess technical knowledge closely related to the contents of the test passages. Based on these results, it may be argued that the reading text should be composed of maximally neutral contents to every testee to avoid the possible overlapping between a test-taker's content schemata and the content domain of the materials. Therefore, this article claims that the tenets of schema theory with its long-standing foundation on culturally predetermined content and formal schemata need to be expanded to cover professional knowledge structures, like those acquired by higher education, as the hard-wired framework of an individual's original culture-specific background knowledge.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.268-280
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• 2005

Teaching with laboratory activities in school science, which are distinctive characteristic, is placed from other disciplines fur teaming almost 200 hundred years ago. A number of science educators have suggested that there are rich benefits in teaming from using laboratory activities. At these time, however, some educators have begun to seriously question the effectiveness and the role of laboratory activities. There are some causes related to obscure and vague aims of laboratory activities. The purposes of this paper is to review aims of laboratory activities presented in the literatures through historical overview, and to obtain implication for school science. There are various aims of laboratory activities by a number of researchers. Overall synthesizing, there are ffur domains of aims of science teaching through laboratory activities, (a) science knowledge has two sub-domains; scientific content knowledge and procedural knowledge, (b) nature of science, (c) science attitude has two sub-domain; scientific attitude and attitude toward science, and (d) ability of scientific inquiry has two sub-domain; manipulative skills and scientific thinking. But, it is necessary to continue the following study in order to obtain the aims of laboratory activities agreed by expert community, and setting up of lists of aims of laboratory activities for students to achieve hierarchies of school science curriculums.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.121-135
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• 2006

With the growth and maturation of IT industry, the necessity of audit about development, maintenance and management of high-quality information system is gradually increasing. In addition, the necessity of inner auditing system, which could totally verify and evaluate the effectiveness of project according to the characteristics of organization conducting information-oriented business, also being proposed. Government offices including Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KISTI) collectively controlling nationwide science-technology related information have no guiding principle or organization within themselves even though performing information-oriented businesses are becoming more bigger and complicated. In this paper, we propose scheme for devising framework, which can audit construction and operation of knowledge information, check list and guideline. In addition, we present concrete ways for adapting these schemes to institutes which manage science-technology knowledge information. Audit framework consists of points of time in audit, audit domain and audit criterion. Points of time in audit are defined as three phases as followings: pre-audit, in-progress audit and post-audit. Audit domain includes 16 detail audit domains and especially we set 11 check items and 40 detail investigation items for database implementation business. We expect that management level of science-technology implementation business of organizations using this research result will increase and they could offer high-quality information service.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제2권
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• pp.127-140
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• 1993

• 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지능정보시스템학회 2001년도 The Pacific Aisan Confrence On Intelligent Systems 2001
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• pp.278-282
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• 2001

The discovery of tacit knowledge from domain experts is one of the most exciting challenges in today\`s knowledge management. The nature of decision knowledge in determining the quality a firm\`s short-term liquidity is full of abstraction, ambiguity, and incompleteness, and presents a typical tacit knowledge extraction problem. In dealing with knowledge discovery of this nature, we propose a scheme that integrates both knowledge elicitation and knowledge discovery in the knowledge engineering processes. The knowledge elicitation component applies the Verbal Protocol Analysis to establish industrial cases as the basic knowledge data set. The knowledge discovery component then applies fuzzy clustering to the data set to build a fuzzy knowledge based system, which consists of a set of fuzzy rules representing the decision knowledge, and membership functions of each decision factor for verifying linguistic expression in the rules. The experimental results confirm that the proposed scheme can effectively discover the expert\`s tacit knowledge, and works as a feedback mechanism for human experts to fine-tune the conversion processes of converting tacit knowledge into implicit knowledge.

• 인지과학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 1999

네트워크의 기술 발달로 웹상의 정보 제공자가 증가함에 따라 정보 사용자가 필요한 정보를 신속하고 정확하게 획득하기는 것이 더욱 어려워졌다. 이를 위해서 키워드 정합 방식의 검색 엔진이 많이 개발 보급되고 있으나 여전히 많은 부담이 사용자에게 주어지고 있는 상황이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 본 논문에서는 특정 영역인 동문 분야에 대한 지식 베이스를 기반으로 사용자의 의도에 보다 적합하고 해당 영역에 적절한 형태로 사용자 질이를 가공하고, 대용량의 다양한 정보로부터 사용자가 필요로 하는 정보를 제공하는 일을 해주는 지능적인 정보검색 대리자, 정보 에이전트(HIIA-la : Hongik Information Agent)를 제안한다. HIIA-la는 온톨로지 형태에 접근한 동물 관련 지식 베이스를 가지고 있으며, 이를 기반으로 사용자 또는 다른 에이전트 시스템의 정보 요청에 대해 필요한 정보를 제공할 뿐만 아니라, 관련 웹 문서 정보도 제공된다. 효율적인 웹 문서의 제공을 위하여 방대한 양의 웹 문서를 대상으로 동물 영역에 관련된 문서를 저장·색인하는 웹DB를 가지고 있다. 또한 사용자의 의도를 좀더 명확하게 표현할 수 있도록 유연한 연사자로의 질의 확장을 하였으며, 축적된 처리 결과와 사용자의 피드백 정보를 통해 학습을 하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같이 요소들을 포함하는 HIIA-la를 구현하고, 실험을 통해 시스템의 효율성을 보인다.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 2000년도 춘계공동학술대회 논문집
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• pp.290-293
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• 2000

Knowledge discovery refers to the overall process of discovering useful knowledge from data. The linear programming model is a special form of useful knowledge that is embedded in a database. Since formulating models from scratch requires knowledge-intensive efforts, knowledge-based formulation support systems have been proposed in the DSS area. However, they rely on the strict assumption that sufficient domain knowledge should already be captured as a specific knowledge representation form. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a methodology that finds useful knowledge on building linear programming models from a database. The methodology consists of two parts. The first part is to find s first-cut model based on a data dictionary. To do so, we applied the GPS algorithm. The second part is to discover a second-cut model by applying neural network technique. An illustrative example is described to show the feasibility of the proposed methodology.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2003년도 Proceeding
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• pp.3-9
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• 2003

The task for chromosome analysis and diagnosis by experienced cytogenetists are being concerned as repetitive, time consuming job and expensive. For that reason, intelligent agent based on chromosome knowledge base has been established to be able to analyze chromosomes and obtain necessary advises from the knowledge base instead of human experts. That is to say, knowledge base by IF THEN production rule was implemented to a knowledge domain with normal and abnormal chromosomes, and then the inference results by knowledge base could enter the inference data into the database. Experimental data were composed of normal chromosomes of 2,736 patients 'cases and abnormal chromosomes of 259 patients' cases that have been obtained from GTG-banding metaphase peripheral blood and amniotic fluid samples. The completed intelligent agent for chromosome knowledge base provides variously morphological information by analysis of normal or abnormal chromosomes and it also has the advantage of being able to consult with user on chromosome analysis and diagnosis.