• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.233-242
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• 1983

This study was attempted to investigate Korean women divers' nutritional status and the effect of their putting on rubber diving suits on the energy balance. For these investigations, measurements of nutrients intake, energy intake and energy consumption during diving work were performed. This study was conducted in summer and winter of 1981. Nutrition survey was carried out by interviewing each individual and the energy consumption during diving work was calculated from the extra oxygen consumption over the resting value and the change in mean body temperature in sea water. The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1) In summer, the divers' dietary intake were 2,454 Kcal for energy, 69g of protein, 16g of fat 578mg of calcium, 11mg of iron, 526 Retinol Equivalent of vitamin A, 1.1mg of thiamin, 1.3mg of riboflavin, 19mg of niacin and 50mg of ascorbic acid. These results showed that the intakes of energy, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and ascorbic acid were higher than the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). Whereas in winter, the nutrients intake except iron, riboflavin, and vitamin A were higher than the RDA. 2) The energy consumption, measured by oxygen consumption and changes in body heat content, used in diving work were 260 Kcal per day in summer and 370 Kcal per day in winter. These values were about 600-700 Kcal per day lower than 1960s' 1,000 Kcal per day. The divers' energy intake were 2,454 Kcal per day in summer and 2,487 Kcal per day in winter. These data were about 550 Kcal per day lower than 1960s' intake. Since divers have worn the rubber diving suits, the energy consumption decreased as compared with the energy consumed while wearing cotton suits. And this seemed to be resulted in decreasing the energy intake. This result also showed that the balance between energy expenditure and energy intake were kept. 3) The mean subcutaneous fat thickness of divers and nondivers were 8.85 and 9.03 mm respectively. These values were as high as four times as those of 1960s'. The total body fat contents wers 25.8 percent in both diver and nondiver groups and showed an increase as high as twice as compared with 1960s' values.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.139-156
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• 1998

수산물채취 잠수부에서 발생하는 잠수관련질환을 예방하고, 조기치료에 필요한 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여 잠수부들의 작업환경과 잠수관련질환의 발생양상을 파악하는 단면조사연구를 시행하였다. 수산물채취 어업잠수부 433(서해안 130명, 남해안 220명, 동해안 29명, 기타 54명)을 대상으로 면접과 우편설문을 통하여 인구학적 특성, 취업상태, 잠수기술의 습득경로, 잠수부경력 등의 직업력, 성수기와 비수기의 작업일수, 작업수심, 작업 시기, 잠수방식, 작업횟수, 작업시간, 작업간 휴식시간, 상승시 수중체류 및 급상승의 경험 등 작업특성을 조사하고, 한해 동안 감압병에 이환된 경험과 재압치료 및 잠수관련질환 증상의 경험을 1996년 1월과 2월에 조사하였다. 잠수부들의 평균연령은 39.7세(24-58세), 남자가 92.8%, 고등학교졸업의 학력이 58.4%였다. 평균 잠수부 경력은 12.9년(2-40년), 잠수방식은 후카 70.4%, 헬멧 22.2%, 스쿠버 2.5%였다. 잠수부의 고용상태는 정규 고용 34.7%, 임시고용 54.0%였다. 잠수기술의 습득경로는 선배잠수부 48.5%, 군대 37.6%, 잠수교육기관 12.3%였다. 주된 작업시기는 4-6월이 56%로 가장 많고, 7-9월이 6.4%로 가장 적었다. 성수기의 한달 평균 작업일수는 20.3일, 비수기는 12.5일 이였다. 잠수작업횟수는 하루 5-6회 45.0%, 일회 평균작업 시간은 51.1분, 잠수간 평균휴식시간은 35.5분이었고, 잠수부의 83.6%가 상승시 수중체류를 하고 있으며 80.4%가 급상승을 경험하였다. 후카잠수부의 작업수심은 30m(43%)와 40m(40.4%), 헬멧잠수부는 30m 이하(75.0%), 스쿠버잠수부는 20m 이하(90.9%)에서 주로 작업하였다. 잠수횟수는 주로 후카잠수부가 3-6회(86.5%), 헬멧잠수부가 5-8회(79.9%), 스쿠버잠수부가 4회 이하(81.8%)였다. 잠수부의 65.0%가 지난 일년 동안에 감압병을 경험하였다고 응답하였으며, 잠수작업에 종사한 이후 조사시점까지 전체 잠수부의 31.2%가 재압치료를 받은 경험이 있었다. 감압병의 증상으로는 근골격계 증상과 피부증상이 많았고, 배뇨장애는 39%가 경험하였다고 응답하였다. 혼란효과를 고려하지 않은 단변량분석에서 남자보다 여자에서 감압병의 발생률이 높고, 연령이 증가할수록 감압병의 발생률이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 잠수부경력이 길수록 감압병의 발생률이 높았으며, 임시 고용에 비해 정규고용의 감압병 발생률이 높았다. 잠수기술은 선배잠수부로부터 습득한 경우가 군대와 교육기관에서 습득한 경우 보다 감압병 발생률이 높았다. 후카잠수부에서 비해 헬멧잠수부의 감압병 발생률이 높았고, 스쿠버잠수부는 감압병을 경험하지 않았다. 작업수심이 깊을수록, 작업횟수가 많을수록 감압병의 발생률이 증가하였다. 급상승의 경험이 있는 군이 없는 군에 비하여 감압병 발생률이 높았다. 일일 평균 40m이상 수심에서 5회 이상 반복잠수를 하는 잠수부가 22.7%, 40m이상의 수심에서 60분 이상 작업하는 잠수부가 6.1%, 5회 이상 반복잠수를 하면서 60분 이상 작업하는 잠수부가 29.1%였다. 작업 횟수가 5회 이상인 군의 감압병 발생률이 4회 이하인 군에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 많은 수의 잠수부가 잠수관련질환에 이환되고 있으며, 감압규정이 무시되고 있는 잠수부의 근무여건을 고려하면 잠수관련질환은 앞으로도 지속적으로 발생할 것으로 예상되므로 2차예방에 보다 많은 관심이 필요하며 잠수관련질환의 발생과 유병에 관한 지속적인 연구, 정기적인 건강진단제도, 잠수장비에 관한 규정 및 안전과 보건에 관한 교육과 훈련이 필요하다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.136-145
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• 2015

A large number of divers that are engaged in a diving apparatus fishery (DAF) have been experienced a decompression sickness. This study has two purposes. One is measurement of the diving patterns and respiration rate. The other one is to research the institutional improvement plan of the DAF. In the experiments, the diving depth, the diving time, the total ascent time and the ascent rate were about 12.4 m, 22 min, 28 s and 28.1 m/min, respectively, in Tongyeong. In the case of Geoje the diving depth, the diving time, the total ascent time and the ascent rate were about 20 m, 64 min, 17 min and 1.3 m/min, respectively. In a questionnaire survey, the diving depth was 20~29 m (56.4%) in Tongyeong and Geoje, the diving time was 50~59 min (42.9%) in Tongyeong and 70~79 min (35%) in Geoje and all of the divers experienced decompression sickness. In the investigation related to a institutional issue, both of the diving apparatus fisheries had adopted the share system. And the laws and the system for the safety of the divers were not enough in Korea. This study suggests that the license and the diving time for diver of the DAF are needed and diver protection for decompression sickness is needed in the law. And the wage payments should change from full sharing to partial sharing included a regular pay to enhance the safety of the divers.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.35-49
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the current status and correlations among scuba divers' knowledge of safety, compliance with safety rules, and ability to cope with emergency situations. Methods: There were 317 study subjects. Data were collected between September 21, 2012 and September 7, 2013, and analyzed using SPSS software version 21.0. Results: Of the participants, 89.3% wanted to be educated in emergency care, while 69.4% indicated that preparedness in emergency situations for divers is insufficient. 78.5% suggested a need to creat a legal standard for the prevention of accidents. The average scores among the participants showed 3.22 points for knowledge of safety, 3.09 points for compliance with safety rules, and 2.91 points for ability to cope with accidents and emergency situations, with strong correlation among them. The lower license level they had, the lower score they indicated. Conclusion: We suggest there is a need to strengthen systematic educations on knowledge of safety, compliance with safety rules, and the ability to cope with emergency situations and emergency care at the open water level. In addition, there is a need to creat legal standards to consolidate the effects of these changes.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.589-606
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigates the effects of scuba diving resort service quality on customer satisfaction and revisit intention, considering the moderating effects of perceived risk by scuba divers such as individual, social, and physical risks. Methods: This study surveyed scuba divers using scuba diving resorts in South Korea. The data were analyzed using multi-regression and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: The results of this study are as follows; all five service quality dimensions (tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy) significantly affected customer satisfaction and customer satisfaction also affected revisit intention. However, no moderating effect by perceived risk were observed between customer satisfaction and revisit intention. The cause of these results is believed to be the nature of scuba diving as a adventure sport. Conclusion: These results implies that scuba divers' purchase action can be different from the general service users from the perspective of perceived risk. Considering the uniqueness of adventure sports of scuba diving, the managers of scuba diving resorts need to act actively paying attention to all dimensions of service quality, and customer satisfaction.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제2권S1호
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• pp.5-5
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• 1996

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.584-590
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• 2009

Since driving include compilcated actions that require a variety of abillity and cause extrme concentration or strain, divers tend to feel tired easiy. However, divers can't recognize fatigue degree by himself and accordingly the methods to measure quantitative fatigue degree exactly is quite difficult to be secured. In this study, the most efficient driving posture was suggested based on the analysis of quantitative muscular strength and fatigue degree according to posture. The driver whom we experimented included 9 commercial bus drivers. We also analyzed quantitative legs' muscular strength according te operating each pedal, left and right then we analyzed muscular strength and muscular fatigue degree according to driving pattern while driving commercial buses. And then we suggested the most efficient driving posture.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.41-61
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• 2004

Jinguiyaolue, written by Zhong-Jing Zhang(張仲景) in East-Han Dynasty of China, is believed to be the professional book about divers diseases of Korean Medicine(韓醫學). As based its theoretical framework upon Nei-Jing(內經) and Nan-Jing(難經), Jinguiyaolue(金匱要略) not only suggests the basic theory about the cause of disease, mechanism of disease(病機), diagnosis and treatment and prevent of divers disease but also constructs foundation for the clinical medicine. Thus, it can be said that Jinguiyaolue(金匱要略), along with Shang-Han-Lun(像寒論) by Zhong-Jing Zhang(張仲景), will be quite worthy in that the book deals with the fundamental theory of Korean Medicine(韓醫學).

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.357-363
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to suggest a new method to develop the apparel design applied construction of traditional swimsuit wearing Jeju woman divers known as Haenyeo. Jeju Haenyeos are represented as an image of the diligent and strong woman. With such an image, they have become the symbol of Jeju women. Furthermore, Jeju Haeyeo culture will be rebranded. The Jeju woman divers wear special swimsuit (Mul-sojungii) when harvesting the various sea products. The Mul-sojungii was buttoned down the right side so that it could be easily removed. Therefore, it is to review the fashion design products for effective item applied the original or modified folding technique of Mul-sojungii. As a result, it was to develop the bolero, jump suit and dress design of Korean image using folding technique(Guljapgi) of Mul-sojungii that is one of the unique, indigenous construction of Jeju.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2005년도 전기학술대회논문집
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• pp.886-891
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• 2005

This study aims to provide divers with improved safe diving practices by analyzing reports on scuba diving casualties that recently occured in Korea, Japan and USA. The result of this study should be notified to all the divers in Korea for the purpose of preventing the diving accident. All the data were collected through the diving accident reports of various sourses, which include KUA(Korea Underwater Association) technical committee, the accident statistical data of National Maritime Police Agency, articles of domestic and foreign scuba diving magazine, accident reports of various newspaper, annual report on decompression illness and diving fatalities by DAN(Diver Alert Network), various type of data on diving accident from local as well as national seminars, and medical treatment data of diving accident.